Abstract
Optimal oxygen supply is the cornerstone of treatment of patients in critical condition, especially in patients at high risk of extubation failure. A high-flow nasal cannula is a relatively new device for delivery of heated and humidified medical gas mixtures at flow rates that exceed a patient’s inspiratory flow rate (Pilar et al., High flow oxygen therapy and continuous positive airway pressure. In: Medina A (ed) Non-invasive ventilation in pediatrics, pp 53–60, 2014; Lee et al. Intensive Care Med 39:247–257, 2013). The use of this device has been associated with improvements in washout of nasopharyngeal dead space; reduction of the inhalation resistance related to the passage of air through the nasopharyngeal airway; improvement in pulmonary compliance and elasticity compared with dry, cold gas; lung mucociliary clearance; and a certain degree of distending pressure for alveolar recruitment (Dysart et al. Respir Med 103:1400–1405, 2009). There are many experiences in the use of this device, mainly in neonatology and adult intensive care, including weaning from invasive ventilation.
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Abbreviations
- CPAP:
-
Continuous positive airway pressure
- HFFM:
-
High-flow face mask
- HFNC:
-
High-flow nasal cannula
- HFNP:
-
High-flow nasal prongs
- HR:
-
Heart rate
- ICU:
-
Intensive care unit
- NCPAP:
-
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure
- NIV:
-
Noninvasive ventilation
- RR:
-
Respiratory rate
- WOB:
-
Work of breathing
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Pilar, F.J., Fernandez, Y.M.L. (2016). High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen in Acute Respiratory Post-extubation Failure in Pediatric Patients: Key Practical Topics and Clinical Implications. In: Esquinas, A. (eds) Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Difficult Weaning in Critical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04259-6_52
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04259-6_52
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