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The Gut and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Gastric Bypass

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic progressive disease that leads to end-organ damage with significant morbidity and mortality, which the goal of current therapy is to delay it. It has long been recognized that certain gastrointestinal operations have a profound ameliorative effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with many patients achieving complete and durable remission. The rapid time course and disproportional degree of T2DM improvement after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RNYGB) compared with equivalent weight loss from other interventions suggest a weight-independent effect on glucose homeostasis. The gastrointestinal tract has a crucial role in regulating energy balance and glucose homeostasis through the actions of specialized intestinal mucosal enteroendocrine cells that exert actions on peripheral target organs including the liver and endocrine pancreas. Understanding interactions between the gastrointestinal tract, brain, and end organs involved and glucose homeostasis will hopefully lead to not only better metabolic operations but also to pharmacological solutions for complete and durable resolution of severe obesity and its attendant comorbidities including T2DM.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Turkey Creek Medical Center, Knoxville, TN, USA

    Stephen Boyce

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  1. Stephen Boyce
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. UNIME School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    João Ettinger

  2. Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    Euler Ázaro

  3. Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany

    Rudolf Weiner

  4. Ste 460, Fresno, CA, USA

    Kelvin D. Higa

  5. Gastro Obeso Center Clinic, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Manoel Galvão Neto

  6. Orlando Health, Orlando, FL, USA

    Andre Fernandes Teixeira

  7. Orlando Health, Orlando, FL, USA

    Muhammad Jawad

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Boyce, S. (2020). The Gut and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In: Ettinger, J., et al. Gastric Bypass. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28803-7_42

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