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Paragonimiasis

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Digenetic Trematodes

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 766))

Abstract

Paragonimiasis is caused by a number of species of lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Understanding of the taxonomy and evolution of the genus is incomplete. Paragonimiasis is primarily zoonotic in nature and occurs in many regions of East, South, and SE Asia, the Americas, and Tropical Africa. Despite likely reductions in prevalence in recent years and changes in demographic patterns of infection, around 23 million people harbor lung flukes. Paragonimiasis is acquired by eating undercooked freshwater crabs or crayfish containing metacercariae, or by eating undercooked meat of mammalian paratenic hosts. Adult worms typically encyst in pairs in the lungs, voiding their eggs into airways and eventually to the outside via sputum, or sometimes feces. However, ectopic infections can occur, in which worms occupy atypical sites in the body, commonly the brain. Interactions with the host via the immune system are not as well understood as for some other pathogenic trematodes. Diagnosis can be difficult because signs and symptoms may be vague and nonspecific, or else mimic those of conditions such as cancer and tuberculosis. Pulmonary and some other forms of paragonimiasis are easily treated using praziquantel or triclabendazole. However, surgery may be required in some cases.

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  1. James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia

    David Blair

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  1. Departamento de Biología Celular,Parasitología Facultad de Farmacia, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

    Rafael Toledo

  2. Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA

    Bernard Fried

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Blair, D. (2014). Paragonimiasis. In: Toledo, R., Fried, B. (eds) Digenetic Trematodes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 766. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0915-5_5

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