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Molecular Testing in Cancer pp 277–300Cite as

Molecular Testing in Prostate Cancer

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Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and the second cancer-related cause of death among men in North America. Recent literature has indicated that there are complex genomic “hot spots” producing heritable sequences that are linked to disease risk. Candidate genes and susceptibility loci (SNPs) were identified by linkage analyses and genome-wide association studies. In this chapter, we will discuss the molecular changes in PCa pathogenesis, including chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic changes, like methylation and miRNA dysregulation. We will also explore the molecular pathways involved in PCa initiation and progression. The recent identification of cells with cancer stem cell properties can have significant therapeutic implications. We also outline the currently available molecular markers in PCa and their potential clinical utility for screening, diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and surveillance for disease recurrence. Multiparametric approaches and the integration of molecular markers with clinical parameters can significantly improve assessment of outcome. Molecular analysis is also the basis to develop new, more effective, targeted therapies in PCa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, 339 Windermere Road, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5A5

    Manal Y. Gabril M.D.

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8

    George M. Yousef M.D., Ph.D.

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    George M. Yousef

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Serge Jothy

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Gabril, M.Y., Yousef, G.M. (2014). Molecular Testing in Prostate Cancer. In: Yousef, G., Jothy, S. (eds) Molecular Testing in Cancer. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8050-2_17

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