Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Genes in Lipid Metabolism

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xi

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2. Early Studies on Role of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase During Preadipocyte Differentiation

   • David A. Bernlohr, M. Daniel Lane

   Pages 1-11

3. Skin Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Genes

   • Satish Parimoo, Pappas Apostolos

   Pages 13-25

4. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Is a Biological Regulator of Energy Homeostasis

   • James M. Ntambi

   Pages 27-35

5. Role for Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 in the Metabolic Effects of Leptin

   • Paul Cohen

   Pages 37-47

6. Regulation and Metabolic Functions of White Adipose Tissue Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase

   • Nishan Sudheera Kalupahana, Thilak Jayalath, Shu Wang, Naima Moustaid-Moussa

   Pages 49-60

7. Function and Regulation of Macrophage Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase in Metabolic Disorders

   • Nishan Sudheera Kalupahana, Shu Wang, Shaikh M. Rahman, Naima Moustaid-Moussa

   Pages 61-71

8. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 in the Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling

   • Tabitha C. Ting, Makoto Miyazaki

   Pages 73-84

9. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase in the Control of Heart Metabolism

   • Pawel Dobrzyn, Agnieszka Dobrzyn

   Pages 85-101

10. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Activity in Skeletal Muscle: Is It Good or Bad?

    • Joseph Stevens, Matthew W. Hulver

    Pages 103-118

11. The Cellular Function of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-2 in Development and Differentiation

    • Jennifer L. Cantley, Lucas M. O’Neill, James M. Ntambi, Michael P. Czech

    Pages 119-130

12. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Isoforms 3 and 4: Avenues for Tissue-Specific ∆9 Desaturase Activity

    • Laura M. Bond, James M. Ntambi

    Pages 131-140

13. Functional Development of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Gene Expression in Livestock Species

    • Stephen B. Smith

    Pages 141-159

14. Expression and Nutritional Regulation of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Genes in the Ruminant Mammary Gland: Relationship with Milk Fatty Acid Composition

    • L. Bernard, C. Leroux, Y. Chilliard

    Pages 161-193

15. Physiological Functions and Regulation of C. elegans Stearoyl-CoA Desaturases

    • Jennifer L. Watts

    Pages 195-207

16. Remodeling of Membrane Phospholipids by Bacterial Desaturases

    • Silvia Graciela Altabe, María Cecilia Mansilla, Diego de Mendoza

    Pages 209-231

17. Back Matter

    Pages 233-239

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Obesity and diabetes develop as a complex result of genetic, metabolic and environmental factors and are characterized by increased lipogenesis and lipid accumulation in many tissues. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) genes are a critical regulator of lipogenesis and catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), mainly oleoyl- (18:1n9) and palmitoleoyl-CoA (16:1n7). These MUFAs are the major fatty acid substrates for the synthesis of triglycerides, cholesterol esters, wax esters and membrane phospholipids. There are 4 SCD isoforms (SCD1-4) in mice and two (hSCD1 and hSCD5) expressed in humans.   At first glance, stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme would be considered a housekeeping enzyme because it synthesizes oleate a well-known fatty acid that is abundant in many dietary sources. However numerous studies have shown that SCD is a very highly regulated enzyme that features in so many physiological processes ranging from fat differentiation, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, inflammation and cancer. The editor’s studies using stearoyl-CoA desaturase knockout (SCD1-/-) mice and studies of other investigators using pharmacological approaches to reduce SCD1 expression in mouse tissues have all established that the expression of SCD1 gene isoform represents a key step in partitioning of lipids between storage and oxidation. High SCD expression favors fat storage leading to obesity while reduced SCD expression favors fat burning and leanness. Although these studies clearly illustrated that SCD1 expression is involved in the development of obesity and insulin resistance, questions remain in the elucidation of the mechanisms involved and role of SCD1.   This book includes chapters by leading researchers on SCD Genes in the brain, heart, muscle, liver metabolism, Colitis, and more. ​

• Endocrinology
• Gene Regulation
• Lipids
• Metabolism
• SCD Genes

• Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA

  James M. Ntambi, Ph.D.

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