Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children and Adolescents

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Helicobacter pylori in Human Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AMIDPH,volume 1149))

Abstract

About one-third of all children worldwide is infected with H. pylori and its prevalence is low in developed and high in developing countries. H. pylori is mainly acquired during childhood and transmission of the bacterium commonly proceeds from person to person, especially among family members. The most frequent transmission route is from the mother to children. Various gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases are reported to be associated with H. pylori in children and adolescents, but the strongest recommendation for testing and treating is introduced only with children and adolescents having peptic ulcer disease. Iron deficiency anemia and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura are also considered for testing and treating, but the effectiveness is somewhat controversial. Invasive diagnosis is recommended, whereas none of the available diagnostic tests have 100% accuracy for reliable diagnosis, and therefore at least two or more tests should be performed. Urea breath test is the most reliable among the non-invasive tests. Because the number of antibiotics-resistant H. pylori strains is increasing, it is desirable to conduct a drug susceptibility test before treatment and to select the corresponding regime. H. pylori has been proven to be a major cause of gastric cancer and ‘screen-and-treat’ strategies are recommended in communities at high risk of gastric cancer. However, the application to children and adolescents is controversial. An effective vaccine is desirable, but not yet available. Screen-and-treat for adolescents has started in a few areas in Japan, where conditions are well established. New prevention strategies for gastric cancer are awaited worldwide.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abbas M, Sharif FA, Osman SM, Osman AM, El Sanousi SM, Magzoub M, Ibrahim ME (2018) Prevalence and associated symptoms of Helicobacter pylori infection among schoolchildren in Kassala state, east of Sudan. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 15:4325752. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4325752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akamatsu T, Okamura T, Iwaya Y, Suga T (2015) Screening to identify and eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection in teenagers in Japan. Gastroenterol Clin N Am 44:667–676

    Google Scholar 

  • Alimohammadi H, Fouladi N, Salehzadeh F, Alipour SA, Javadi MS (2017) Childhood recurrent abdominal pain and Helicobacter pylori infection, Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 22:860–864

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Apley J, Naish N (1958) Recurrent abdominal pains: a field survey of 1,000 school children. Arch Dis Child 33:165–170

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Asaka M (2013) A new approach for elimination of gastric cancer deaths in Japan. Int J Cancer 132:1272–1276

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Asaka M, Kato M, Sakamoto N (2014) Roadmap to eliminate gastric cancer with Helicobacter pylori eradication and consecutive surveillance in Japan. J Gastroenterol 49:1–8

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bastos J, Peleteiro B, Pinto H, Marinho A, Guimarães JT, Ramos E, La Vecchia C, Barros H, Lunet N (2013) Prevalence, incidence and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of Portuguese adolescents (EpiTeen). Dig Liver Dis 45:290–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2012.11.009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer S, Krumbiegel P, Richter M, Richter T, Röder S, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Herbarth O (2011) Influence of sociodemographic factors on Helicobacter pylori prevalence variability among schoolchildren in Leipzig, Germany. A long-term follow-up study. Cent Eur J Public Health 19:42–45

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchette VS, Price V (2003) Childhood chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura: unresolved issues. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 25(Suppl 1):S28–S33

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bodner C, Anderson WJ, Reid TS, Godden DJ (2000) Childhood exposure to infection and risk of adult onset wheeze and atopy. Thorax 55:383–387

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cancer Registry and Statistics [Cited 18 Jan 2019.] Available from: https://ganjoho.jp/reg_stat/statistics/dl/index.html (in Japanese)

  • Chen Y, Blaser MJ (2008) Helicobacter pylori colonization is inversely associated with childhood asthma. J Infect Dis 198:553–560. https://doi.org/10.1086/590158

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Çınar A, Sadıç M, Atılgan Hİ, Baskın A, Koca G, Demirel K, Korkmaz M (2015) Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori infection in school and pre-school aged children with C-14 urea breath test and the association with familial and environmental factors. Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 24:66–70

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Daugule I, Karklina D, Rudzite D, Remberga S, Rumba-Rozenfelde I (2016) Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among preschool children in Latvia: no significant decrease in prevalence during a ten year period. Scand J Public Health 44:418–422

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daugule I, Karklina D, Remberga S, Rumba-Rozenfelde I (2017) Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors in relation to allergy in children. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 20:216–221. https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2017.20.4.216

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • den Hollander WJ, Holster IL, van Gilst B, van Vuuren AJ, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A, Perez-Perez GI, Kuipers EJ, Moll HA, Blaser MJ (2015) Intergenerational reduction in Helicobacter pylori prevalence is similar between different ethnic groups living in a Western city. Gut 64:1200–1208

    Google Scholar 

  • Ding Z, Zhao S, Gong S, Li Z, Mao M, Xu X, Zhou L (2015) Prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic Chinese children: a prospective, cross-sectional, population-based study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 42:1019–1026

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P (1996) Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney system. International workshop on the histopathology of gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol 20:1161–1181

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feydt-Schmidt A, Kindermann A, Konstantopoulos N, Demmelmair H, Ballauff A, Findeisen A, Koletzko S (2002 Oct) Reinfection rate in children after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 14(10):1119–1123

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fouda EM, Kamel TB, Nabih ES, Abdelazem AA (2018) Helicobacter pylori seropositivity protects against childhood asthma and inversely correlates to its clinical and functional severity. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 46:76–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aller.2017.03.004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukase K, Kato M, Kikuchi S, Inoue K, Uemura N, Okamoto S, Terao S, Amagai K, Hayashi S, Asaka M, Japan Gast Study Group (2008) Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on incidence of metachronous gastric carcinoma after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer: an open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 372:392–397

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang X, Qu X, Yan W, Huang Y, Cai M, Hu B, Wu L, Lin H, Chen Z, Zhu C, Lu L, Sun X, Rong L, Jiang Y, Sun D, Zhong L, Xiong P (2010) Iron deficiency anaemia can be improved after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Postgrad Med J 86:272–278

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • IARC Helicobacter pylori Working Group (2014). Helicobacter pylori eradication as a strategy for preventing gastric Cancer. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC Working Group Reports, No. 8). Available from: http://www.iarc.fr/en/publications/pdfsonline/wrk/wrk8/index.php

  • Jafar S, Jalil A, Soheila N, Sirous S (2013) Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in children, a population-based cross-sectional study in West Iran. Iran J Pediatr 23:13–18

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones NL, Koletzko S, Goodman K, Bontems P, Cadranel S, Casswall T, Czinn S, Gold BD, Guarner J, Elitsur Y, Homan M, Kalach N, Kori M, Madrazo A, Megraud F, Papadopoulou A, Rowland M, ESPGHAN NASPGHAN (2017) Joint ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN guidelines for the Management of Helicobacter pylori in children and adolescents (update 2016). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 64:991–1003. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001594

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kakiuchi T, Matsuo M, Endo H, Nakayama A, Sato K, Takamori A, Sasaki K, Takasaki M, Hara M, Sakata Y, Okuda M, Kikuchi S, Eguchi Y, Takahashi H, Anzai K, Fujimoto KA (2019) A Helicobacter pylori screening and treatment program to eliminate gastric cancer among junior high school students in Saga Prefecture: a preliminary report. J Gastroenterol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-019-01559-9. [Epub ahead of print]

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kato M, Asaka M (2010) Recent knowledge of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer and recent progress of gastroendoscopic diagnosis and treatment for gastric cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 40:828–837. https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyq119

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kato S, Fujimura S (2010) Primary antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori in children during the past 9 years. Pediatr Int 52:187–190

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kato S, Nishino Y, Ozawa K, Konno M, Maisawa S, Toyoda S, Tajiri H, Ida S, Fujisawa T, Iinuma K (2004) The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese children with gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. J Gastroenterol 39:734–738

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kato S, Nakajima S, Nishino Y, Ozawa K, Minoura T, Konno M, Maisawa S, Toyoda S, Yoshimura N, Vaid A, Genta RM (2006) Association between gastric atrophy and Helicobacter pylori infection in Japanese children: a retrospective multicenter study. Dig Dis Sci 51:99–104

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kienesberger S, Perez-Perez GI, Olivares AZ, Bardhan P, Sarker SA, Hasan KZ, Sack RB, Blaser MJ (2018) When is Helicobacter pylori acquired in populations in developing countries? A birth-cohort study in Bangladeshi children. Gut Microbes 9:252–263. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2017.1421887

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kikuchi S, Wada O, Nakajima T, Nishi T, Kobayashi O, Konishi T, Inaba Y (1995) Serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody and gastric carcinoma among young adults research group on prevention of gastric carcinoma among young adults. Cancer 75:2789–2793

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura K, Takemoto T (1969) An endoscopic recognition of the atrophic border and its significance in chronic gastritis. Endoscopy 1:87–97

    Google Scholar 

  • Konno M, Fujii N, Yokota S, Sato K, Takahashi M, Sato K, Mino E, Sugiyama T (2005) Five-year follow-up study of mother-to-child transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection detected by a random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting method. J Clin Microbiol 43:2246–2250

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kotilea K, Kalach N, Homan M, Bontems P (2018) Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatric patients: update on diagnosis and eradication strategies. Paediatr Drugs 20:337–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40272-018-0296-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger WS, Hilborn ED, Converse RR, Wade TJ (2015) Environmental risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in the United States: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. Epidemiol Infect 143:2520–2531. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268814003938. Epub 2015 Jan 16

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kusano C, Gotoda T, Ishikawa H, Moriyama M (2017) The administrative project of Helicobacter pylori infection screening among junior high school students in an area of Japan with a high incidence of gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 20(Suppl 1):16–19

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kusano C, Gotoda T, Suzuki S, Ikehara H, Moriyama M (2018) Safety of first-line triple therapy with a potassium-competitive acid blocker for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children. J Gastroenterol 53:718–724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-017-1406-2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mabe K, Okuda M, Kikuchi S, Amagai K, Yoshimura R, Kato M, Sakamoto N, Asaka M, Japan Gast Study Group (2018) Randomized controlled trial: PPI-based triple therapy containing metronidazole versus clarithromycin as first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori in adolescents and young adults in Japan. J Infect Chemother 24:538–543

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain CA, Gisbert JP, Kuipers EJ, Axon AT, Bazzoli F, Gasbarrini A, Atherton J, Graham DY, Hunt R, Moayyedi P, Rokkas T, Rugge M, Selgrad M, Suerbaum S, Sugano K, El-Omar EM, Helicobacter E, Microbiota Study Group and Consensus panel (2017) Management of Helicobacter pylori infection-the Maastricht V/Florence consensus report. Gut 66:6–30. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312288

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mégraud F, European Paediatric Task Force on Helicobacter pylori (2005) Comparison of non-invasive tests to detect Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents: results of a multicenter European study. J Pediatr 146:198–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Molina-Infante J, Gutierrez-Junquera C, Savarino E, Penagini R, Modolell I, Bartolo O, Prieto-García A, Mauro A, Alcedo J, Perelló A, Guarner-Argente C, Alcaide N, Vegas AM, Barros-García P, Murzi-Pulgar M, Perona M, Gisbert JP, Lucendo AJ, Upper GI Tract Study Group from the Spanish Gastroenterological Association (AEG) (2018) Helicobacter pylori infection does not protect against eosinophilic esophagitis: results from a large multicenter case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 113:972–979. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41395-018-0035-6. Epub 2018 Mar 15

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muhsen K, Cohen D (2008) Helicobacter pylori infection and iron stores: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter 13:323–340

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakayama Y, Lin Y, Hongo M, Hidaka H, Kikuchi S (2017) Helicobacter pylori infection and its related factors in junior high school students in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Helicobacter 22. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12363

    Google Scholar 

  • Okuda M, Miyashiro E, Booka M, Tsuji T, Nakazawa T (2007) Helicobacter pylori colonization in the first 3 years of life in Japanese children. Helicobacter 12:324–327

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okuda M, Osaki T, Lin Y, Yonezawa H, Maekawa K, Kamiya S, Fukuda Y, Kikuchi S (2015) Low prevalence and incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in children: a population-based study in Japan. Helicobacter 20:133–138

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okuda M, Kikuchi S, Mabe K, Osaki T, Kamiya S, Fukuda Y, Kato M (2017) Nation-wide survey of Helicobacter pylori treatment for children and adolescents in Japan. Pediatr Int 59:57–61

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okuda M, Nomura K, Kato M, Lin Y, Mabe K, Miyamoto R, Okumura A, Kikuchi S (2019) Gastric cancer in children and adolescents in Japan. Pediatr Int 61:80–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.13720

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oleastro M, Pelerito A, Nogueira P, Benoliel J, Santos A, Cabral J, Lopes AI, Ramalho PM, Monteiro L (2011) Prevalence and incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a healthy pediatric population in the Lisbon area. Helicobacter 16:363–372

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Osaki T, Konno M, Yonezawa H, Hojo F, Zaman C, Takahashi M, Fujiwara S, Kamiya S (2015) Analysis of intra-familial transmission of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese families. J Med Microbiol 64:67–73. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.080507-0

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pacifico L, Osborn JF, Tromba V, Romaggioli S, Bascetta S, Chiesa C (2014) Helicobacter pylori infection and extragastric disorders in children: a critical update. World J Gastroenterol 20:1379–1401

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Qu X-H, Huang X-L, Xiong P, Zhu CY, Huang YL, Lu LG, Sun X, Rong L, Zhong L, Sun DY, Lin H, Cai MC, Chen ZW, Hu B, Wu LM, Jiang YB, Yan WL (2010) Does Helicobacter pylori infection play a role in iron deficiency anemia? A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 16:886–896

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Reibman J, Marmor M, Filner J, Fernandez-Beros ME, Rogers L, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ (2008) Asthma is inversely associated with Helicobacter pylori status in an urban population. PLoS One 3:e4060. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004060

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rothenbacher D, Inceoglu J, Bode G, Brenner H (2000) Acquisition of Helicobacter pylori infection in a high-risk population occurs within the first 2 years of life. J Pediatr 136:744–748

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rowland M, Clyne M, Daly L, O’Connor H, Bourke B, Bury G, O’Dowd T, Connolly L, Ryan J, Shovlin S, Dolan B, Drumm B (2018) Long-term follow-up of the incidence of Helicobacter pylori. Clin Microbiol Infect 24:980–984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2017.10.020

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Russo G, Miraglia V, Branciforte F, Matarese SM, Zecca M, Bisogno G, Parodi E, Amendola G, Giordano P, Jankovic M, Corti A, Nardi M, Farruggia P, Battisti L, Baronci C, Palazzi G, Tucci F, Ceppi S, Nobili B, Ramenghi U, De Mattia D, Notarangelo L, AIEOP-ITP Study Group (2011) Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori in children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia: a prospective, controlled, multicenter study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 56:273–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22770

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sasaki H, Sasano H, Ohi R, Imaizumi M, Shineha R, Nakamura M, Shibuya D, Hayashi Y (1999) Adenocarcinoma at the esophageal gastric junction arising in an 11-year-old girl. Pathol Int 49:1109–1113

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shu X, Ping M, Yin G, Jiang M (2017) Investigation of Helicobacter pylori infection among symptomatic children in Hangzhou from 2007 to 2014: a retrospective study with 12,796 cases. PeerJ 5:e2937. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2937

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Silva GM, Silva HM, Nascimento J, Gonçalves JP, Pereira F, Lima R (2018) Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial resistance in a pediatric population. Helicobacter 23:e12528. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12528

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sivapalasingam S, Rajasingham A, Macy JT, Friedman CR, Hoekstra RM, Ayers T, Gold B, Quick RE (2014) Recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Bolivian children and adults after a population-based "screen and treat" strategy. Helicobacter 19:343–348. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12137

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Take S, Mizuno M, Ishiki K, Nagahara Y, Yoshida T, Yokota K, Oguma K (2007) Baseline gastric mucosal atrophy is a risk factor associated with the development of gastric cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in patients with peptic ulcer diseases. J Gastroenterol 42(Suppl 17):21–27

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Take S, Mizuno M, Ishiki K, Hamada F, Yoshida T, Yokota K, Okada H, Yamamoto K (2015) Seventeen-year effects of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on the prevention of gastric cancer in patients with peptic ulcer; a prospective cohort study. J Gastroenterol 50:638–644

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas JE, Dale A, Harding M, Coward WA, Cole TJ, Weaver LT (1999) Helicobacter pylori colonization in early life. Pediatr Res 45:218–223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Treepongkaruna S, Sirachainan N, Kanjanapongkul S, Winaichatsak A, Sirithorn S, Sumritsopak R, Chuansumrit A (2009) Absence of platelet recovery following Helicobacter pylori eradication in childhood chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a multi-center randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Blood Cancer 53:72–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21991

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsang KW, Lam WK, Chan KN, Hu W, Wu A, Kwok E, Zheng L, Wong BC, Lam SK (2000) Helicobacter pylori sero-prevalence in asthma. Respir Med 94:756–759

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Uemura N, Okamoto S, Yamamoto S, Matsumura N, Yamaguchi S, Yamakido M, Taniyama K, Sasaki N, Schlemper RJ (2001) Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer. N Engl J Med 345:784–789

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ünlüsoy Aksu A, Yılmaz G, Eğritaş Gürkan Ö, Sarı S, Dalgıç B (2018) The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on functional dyspepsia in Turkish children. Helicobacter 23:e12497. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12497

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Villarreal-Calderon R, Luévano-González A, Aragón-Flores M, Zhu H, Yuan Y, Xiang Q, Yan B, Stoll KA, Cross JV, Iczkowski KA, Mackinnon AC Jr (2014) Antral atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and preneoplastic markers in Mexican children with Helicobacter pylori-positive and Helicobacter pylori-negative gastritis. Ann Diagn Pathol 18:129–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.02.003

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Nishiyama T, Kikuchi S, Inoue M, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Lin Y (2017) Changing trends in the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Japan (1908-2003): a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of 170,752 individuals. Sci Rep 7:15491. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15490-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wangda S, Richter JM, Kuenzang P, Wangchuk K, Choden T, Tenzin K, Malaty HM (2017) Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic schoolchildren in Bhutan. Helicobacter 22. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12439

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu MC, Sung CH, Chang YC, Ho CL, Wu CC, Wu KH, Lee CY, Yang KD (2015) Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus among children in rural central Taiwan. Jpn J Infect Dis 68:494–503

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yokota S, Konno M, Fujiwara S, Toita N, Takahashi M, Yamamoto S, Ogasawara N, Shiraishi T (2015) Intrafamilial, preferentially mother-to-child and intraspousal, Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan determined by mutilocus sequence typing and random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting. Helicobacter 20:334–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12217

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan W, Li Yumin D, Yang L (2010) Iron deficiency anemia in Helicobacter pylori infection: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Scand J Gastroenterol 45:665–676

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zabala Torrres B, Lucero Y, Lagomarcino AJ, Orellana-Manzano A, George S, Torres JP, O’Ryan M (2017) Review: prevalence and dynamics of Helicobacter pylori infection during childhood. Helicobacter 22. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12399

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Y, Ye Z, Huang J, Huang Y, Yan W, Zhang Y (2018) High prevalence and low spontaneous eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori infection among schoolchildren aged 7-12 years. Acta Paediatr 107:1624–1628. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.14387

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan

    Masumi Okuda

  2. Department of General Medicine and Community Health Science, Hyogo College of Medicine, Sasayama, Hyogo, Japan

    Masumi Okuda

  3. Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan

    Yingsong Lin & Shogo Kikuchi

Authors
  1. Masumi Okuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yingsong Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shogo Kikuchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masumi Okuda .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan

    Shigeru Kamiya

  2. Division of Microbiology; Dept of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany

    Steffen Backert

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Okuda, M., Lin, Y., Kikuchi, S. (2019). Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children and Adolescents. In: Kamiya, S., Backert, S. (eds) Helicobacter pylori in Human Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1149. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2019_361

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation