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A molecular, morphological and ecological re-appraisal of Venturiales―a new order of Dothideomycetes

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Abstract

The Venturiaceae was traditionally assigned to Pleosporales although its diagnostic characters readily distinguish it from other pleosporalean families. These include a parasitic or saprobic lifestyle, occurring on leaves or stems of dicotyledons; small to medium-sized ascomata, often with setae; deliquescing pseudoparaphyses; 8-spored, broadly cylindrical to obclavate asci; 1-septate, yellowish, greenish or pale brown to brown ascospores; and hyphomycetous anamorphs. Phylogenetically, core genera of Venturiaceae form a monophyletic clade within Dothideomycetes, and represent a separate sister lineage from current orders, thus a new order—Venturiales is introduced. A new family, Sympoventuriaceae, is introduced to accommodate taxa of a well-supported subclade within Venturiales, which contains Sympoventuria, Veronaeopsis simplex and Fusicladium-like species. Based on morphology and DNA sequence analysis, eight genera are included in Venturiaceae, viz. Acantharia, Apiosporina (including Dibotryon), Caproventuria, Coleroa, Pseudoparodiella, Metacoleroa, Tyrannosorus and Venturia. Molecular phylogenetic information is lacking for seven genera previously included in Venturiales, namely Arkoola, Atopospora, Botryostroma, Lasiobotrys, Trichodothella, Trichodothis and Rhizogenee and these are discussed, but their inclusion in Venturiaceae is doubtful. Crotone, Gibbera, Lineostroma, Phaeocryptopus, Phragmogibbera, Platychora, Polyrhizon, Rosenscheldiella, Uleodothis and Xenomeris are excluded from Venturiales, and their ordinal placement needs further investigation. Zeuctomorpha is treated as a synonym of Acantharia.

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Acknowledgements

Ying Zhang would like to thank the Mushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Mai, Thailand for providing her with a post doctoral fellowship for this study. We are grateful to the Directors and Curators of NY, K, L, PH, S for the loan of specimens in their keeping. E.H.C. McKenzie is thanked for his comments on an earlier version of the script. This work was supported by Thailand Research Fund BRG528002. The Global Research Network for Fungal Biology and King Saud University are also thanked for support. Conrad L. Schoch acknowledges support by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Library of Medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 Moo3, Bahn Pa Dheng, T. Pa Pae, A., Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai, 50150, Thailand

    Ying Zhang

  2. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Pedro W. Crous

  3. National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 45 Center Drive, MSC 6510, Bethesda, MD, 20892-6510, USA

    Conrad L. Schoch

  4. Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia

    Ali H. Bahkali & Kevin D. Hyde

  5. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Liang Dong Guo

  6. International Fungal Research & Development Centre, The Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China, 650034

    Kevin D. Hyde

  7. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Ying Zhang & Kevin D. Hyde

  8. Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Pedro W. Crous

  9. Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Pedro W. Crous

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  1. Ying Zhang
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  2. Pedro W. Crous
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Correspondence to Kevin D. Hyde.

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Zhang, Y., Crous, P.W., Schoch, C.L. et al. A molecular, morphological and ecological re-appraisal of Venturiales―a new order of Dothideomycetes . Fungal Diversity 51, 249–277 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-011-0141-x

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