Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Solanum incanum s.l. (Solanaceae): taxonomic relationships between S. incanum, S. campylacanthum, S. panduriforme and S. lichtensteinii

  • Published:
Kew Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In a study designed to elucidate the taxonomy of Solanum incanum sensu lato, S. incanum L., S. campylacanthum Hochst. ex A. Rich., S. panduriforme E. Mey. ex Dunal and S. lichtensteinii Willd. from Africa and SW Asia were investigated using crossability and morphometric techniques. It is proposed that S. panduriforme is, in fact, a subspecies of S. campylacanthum (S. campylacanthum subsp. panduriforme) and that S. incanum and S. lichtensteinii are distinct species. Other information suggests that S. campylacanthum is more closely related to a common ancestor of S. incanum s.l. S. campylacanthum subsp. panduriforme and S. incanum are believed to have diverged away from S. campylacanthum-type predecessors in tropical E Africa, moving southwards or towards the Middle East, respectively. S. lichtensteinii probably evolved from an even earlier ancestor in its migration towards southern Africa.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bitter, G. (1913). Solana Africana Part I. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 560 – 569.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- (1917). Solana Africana Part II. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 416 – 507.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- (1921). Solana Africana Part III. Bot. Jahrb.Syst. 57: 248 – 286.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- (1923). Solana Africana Part IV. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16: 1 – 320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dammer, U. (1905). Solanaceae Africanae. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 57 – 60.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- (1906). Solanaceae Africanae I. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 176 – 195.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- (1912). Solanaceae Africanae II. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 48: 236 – 260.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- (1915). Solanaceae Africanae III. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 53: 325 – 352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daunay, M.-C., Dalmon, A. & Lester R. N. (1999). Management of a Collection of Solanum Species for Eggplant (Solanum melongena) Breeding Purposes. In: M. Nee, D. E. Symon, R. N. Lester & J. P. Jessop (eds), Solanaceae IV: Advances in Biology and Utilization, pp. 369 – 383. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

    Google Scholar 

  • -----, Lester, R. N., Dalmon, A., Ferri, M., Kapilima, W., Poveda-Aguilar, M. M. & Jullian, E. (1998). The use of wild genetic resources for eggplant (Solanum melongena) breeding. II: crossability and fertility of interspecific hybrids. In: A. Palloix & M.-C. Daunay (eds), Proceedings of the Xth Eucarpia Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Capsicum and Eggplant, 7 – 11 Sept 1998, Avignon, France, pp.19 – 24. INRA, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • -----, -----, Gebhardt, C., Hennart, J. W., Jahn, M., Frary, A. & Doganlar, S. (2001). Genetic resources of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and allied species: a new challenge for molecular geneticists and eggplant breeders. In: R. G. van den Berg, G. W. M. Barendse, G. M. van der Weerden & C. Mariani (eds), Solanaceae V: Advances in Taxonomy and Utilization, pp. 251 – 274. Nijmegen University Press, Nijmegen.

    Google Scholar 

  • -----, ----- & Laterrot, H. (1991). The use of wild species for the genetic improvement of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). In: J. G. Hawkes, R. N. Lester, M. Nee & N. Estrada (eds), Solanaceae III: Taxonomy, Chemistry, Evolution, pp. 389 – 412. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,

    Google Scholar 

  • de Candolle, A. P. (1852). Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13. Sumptibus Victoris Masson, Parisis.

  • Gianoli, E. & Hannunen, S. (2001). Plasticity of leaf traits and insect herbivory in Solanum incanum L. (Solanaceae) in Nguruman, S.W. Kenya. Afr. J. Ecol. 38: 183 – 187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasan, S. M. Z. (1989). Biosystematic Study of Solanum melongena L. in Asia and Africa. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Birmingham.

  • Jayawickrama, H. D. (1990). Study of the Diversity of Solanum incanum agg. Unpublished M.Sc Thesis, University of Birmingham.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaeger, P.-M. L. (1985). Systematic Studies in the Genus Solanum in Africa. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Birmingham.

  • ----- & Hepper, F. N. (1986). A review of the genus Solanum in Africa. In: W. G. D’Arcy (ed.), Solanaceae: Biology and Systematics, pp. 41 – 55. Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lester, R. N. (1998). Genetic resources of capsicums and eggplants. In: A. Palloix & M.-C. Daunay (eds), Proceedings of the Xth Eucarpia Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Capsicum and Eggplant, 7 – 11 Sept. 1998, Avignon, France, pp. 25 – 30. INRA, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • ----- & Daunay, M.-C. (2003). Diversity of African vegetable Solanum species and its implications for a better understanding of plant domestication. In: H. Knuppfler & J. Ochsmann (eds), Rudolf Mansfield and Plant Genetic Resources; Schriften zu Genetischen Ressourcen (DEU) Symposium Dedicated to the 100 th Birthday of Rudolf Mansfield. Gatersleben (DEU) 22: 137 – 152.

  • ----- & Hasan, S. M. Z. (1991). Origin and domestication of the brinjal eggplant, Solanum melongena from S. incanum in Africa and Asia. In: J. G. Hawkes, R. N. Lester, M. Nee & N. Estrada (eds), Solanaceae III: Taxonomy, Chemistry, Evolution, pp. 369 – 387. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

    Google Scholar 

  • -----, Hawkes, J. G., Daunay, M.-C., van der Weerden, G. M. & Barendse, G. W. M. (2001). The sources, successes and successors of the Birmingham University Solanaceae Collection (1964-2000). In: R. G. van den Berg, G. W. M. Barendse, G. M. van der Weerden & C. Mariani (eds), Solanaceae V: Advances in Taxonomy and Utilization, pp. 391 – 412. Botanical Garden of Nijmegen, Nijmegen University Press.

  • ----- & Kang, J. (1998). Embryo and endosperm function and failure in Solanum species and hybrids. Ann. Bot. 82 (4): 445 – 453.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ----- & Niakan, L. (1986). Origin and domestication of the scarlet eggplant, Solanum aethiopicum, from S. anguivi in Africa. In: W. G. D’Arcy (ed.), Solanaceae: Biology and Systematics, pp. 433 – 456. Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levin, R. A., Myers, N. R. & Bohs, L. (2006). Phylogenetic relationships among the “spiny solanums” (Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum, Solanaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 93 (1): 157 – 169.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mace, E. S., Lester, R. N. & Gebhardt, C. G. (1999). AFLP analysis of genetic relationships among the cultivated eggplant, Solanum melongena L., and wild relatives (Solanaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 99: 626 – 633.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammad, A., Baksh, S. & Iqbal, M. (1994). Cytogenetic studies on on the F1 hybrid Solanum incanum X S. melongena var. American Wonder. Cytologia 59 (4): 433 – 436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olet, E. A. & Bukenya-Ziraba, R. (2001). Variation within the Solanum incanum complex in Uganda and its relationship with Solanum cerasiferum. In: R. G. van den Berg, G. W. M. Barendse, G. M. van der Weerden & C. Mariani (eds), Solanaceae V: Advances in Taxonomy and Utilization, pp. 97 –108. Botanical Garden of Nijmegen, Nijmegen University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Onus, A. N. & Pickersgill, B. (2004). Unilateral incompatibility in Capsicum (Solanaceae): occurrence and taxonomic distribution. Ann. Bot. 94 (2): 289 – 295.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pearce, K. G. (1975). Solanum melongena L. and Related Species. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Birmingham.

  • Robinson, R. W. (1993). Variability of Solanum incanum in Kenya. Solanaceae Newslett. 3 (3): 4 – 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakata, Y. & Lester, R. N. (1994). Chloroplast DNA diversity in Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its related species S. incanum and S. marginatum. Euphytica 80: 1 – 4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • -----, Nishio, T. & Mathews, P. J. (1991). Chloroplast DNA analysis of Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and related species for their taxonomic affinity. Euphytica 55: 21 – 26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samuels, B. J. (1994). Solanum incanum sensu lato (Solanaceae): A Taxonomic Survey. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Birmingham.

  • ----- (1996). Solanum incanum sensu lato (Solanaceae): Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Distribution. Ph.D Thesis, University of Birmingham.

  • Whalen, M. D. (1984). Conspectus of species groups in Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum. Gentes Herb. 12: 179 – 282.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wishart, D. (1982). CLUSTAN User Manual. Edinburgh University Library Program Unit, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Firstly, my gratitude for expert advice and guidance given by the late Dr R. Lester and the late Prof. J. Hawkes OBE must be recorded here. My thanks also go to Mr A. Esquilant, Dr S. Hasan, Mr H. Jayawickrama and Dr J. Kang for their practical assistance. I would also like to thank Dr M. Vorontsova for assistance at K, Mr E. Thewlis who typed the original manuscripts and Mr J. Tennant for his encouragement. I am indebted to the many herbaria and plant collectors who provided the dried plant specimens used in this study. Lastly, I am grateful to the Annals of Botany journal for their research fellowship which funded the early part of this study, and also to the National Science Foundation (USA) for funding recent research on the PBI Solanum: a Worldwide Treatment project at K and BM.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Trezelah Barn, Trezelah, Gulval, Penzance, Cornwall, TR20 8XD, UK

    John Samuels

Authors
  1. John Samuels
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John Samuels.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Samuels, J. Solanum incanum s.l. (Solanaceae): taxonomic relationships between S. incanum, S. campylacanthum, S. panduriforme and S. lichtensteinii . Kew Bull 67, 401–411 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-012-9373-5

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-012-9373-5

Key Words

Search

Navigation