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Response of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown Conventionally and on Beds in a Sandy Loam Soil

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Abstract

The present study was undertaken to assess the benefit and compare the functioning of AM fungi on wheat grown conventionally and on beds. Ten treatment combinations were used, treatments 1 and 2: no fertilizers with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (In vitro produced Glomus intraradices); 3:100% of recommended NPK: (120 kg ha−1 N; 60 kg ha−1 P; 50 kg ha−1 K), and 4 and 5: 75% of recommended NPK dose with and without AM inoculation in a 5 × 2 split-plot design on wheat using conventional/flat system and elevated/raised bed system. The maximum grain yield (3.84 t ha−1) was obtained in AM fungi inoculated plots of raised bed system applied with 75% NPK and was found higher (although non- significant) than the conventional (3.73 t ha−1) system. The AM inoculation at 75% fertilizer application can save 8.47, 5.38 kg P and 16.95, 10.75 kg N ha−1, respectively, in bed and conventional system. While comparing the yield response with 100% fertilizer application alone, AM inoculation was found to save 20.30, 15.79 kg P and 40.60, 31.59 kg N ha−1, respectively, in beds and conventional system. Mycorrhizal inoculation at 75% NPK application particularly in raised bed system seems to be more efficient in saving fertilizer inputs and utilizing P for producing higher yield and growth unlike non-mycorrhizal plants of 100% P. Besides the yield, mycorrhizal plants grown on beds had higher AM root colonization, soil dehydrogenases activity, and P-uptake. The present study indicates that the inoculation of AM fungi to wheat under raised beds is better response (although non-significantly higher) to conventional system and could be adopted for achieving higher yield of wheat at reduced fertilizer inputs after field validation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Dr. Rajendra K. Pachauri, Director General TERI for providing the infrastructure facilities. Authors are grateful to the Indo-Swiss Collaboration in Biotechnology, Switzerland and Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India for their financial support for this study. The assistance of Mr. Bhai Ram in conducting the field experiment and Mr Satendra Kumar for subsequent analysis work is duly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Mycorrhizal Research, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110 003, India

    Mahaveer P. Sharma, Ubbara Gangi Reddy & Alok Adholeya

  2. Microbiology Section, Directorate of Soybean Research (DSR, Indore-ICAR), Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India

    Mahaveer P. Sharma

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK

    Ubbara Gangi Reddy

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  1. Mahaveer P. Sharma
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  2. Ubbara Gangi Reddy
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  3. Alok Adholeya
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Correspondence to Mahaveer P. Sharma.

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Sharma, M.P., Reddy, U.G. & Adholeya, A. Response of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown Conventionally and on Beds in a Sandy Loam Soil. Indian J Microbiol 51, 384–389 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0134-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0134-1

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