Abstract
“Xin 心 (Mind)” is one of the key concepts in the four chapters of Guanzi. Together with Dao, qi 气 (air, or gas) and de 德 (virtue), the four concepts constitute a complete system of the learning of mind which is composed of the theory of benti 本体 (root and body), the theory of practice and the theory of spiritual state. Guanzi differentiates the two basic layers of mind—the essence and the function. It tries to attain a state of accumulated jing 精 (essence, anima) and nourished qi, in which qi is concentrated in a miraculous way, through a series of methods of mind cultivation and nurturing, including being upright, calm, tranquil and moderate, and to concentrate the mind and intention. The doctrine of mind of the four chapters of Guanzi influenced Daoism and Confucianism and is a key link in the history of Chinese thought. It is a prelude to the merger of Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen Guying (2006). Guanzi Sipian Quanshi 管子四篇诠释 (Interpretation of the Four Chapters of Guanzi). Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan
Guo Lihua (2008). “Daojia Sixiang Zhankai zhong de Guanjian Huanjie-Guanzi Xinqi Zhexue Tanjiu⌉d 道家思想展开中的关键环节—«管子»“心气⌉d哲学探究 (“The Key Link in the Evolvement of Daoist Thought-A Research of the Philosophy of Mind and Qi in Guanzi⌉d). Wen Shi Zhe, 5: 61–71
Ma Feibai (1988). “’Guanzi·Neiye’ Pian zhi Jingshen Xueshuo ji Qita⌉d«管子·内业»篇之精神学说及其它 (“The Theory of Spirit in Chapter ‘Nei Ye’ of Guanzi and Some Related Issues⌉d). Guanzi Xuekan, 4: 4–7
Wang Xianqian (1988). Xunzi Jijie 荀子集解 (Collected Commentaries of Xunzi). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju
Yang Bojun (2005). Mengzi Yizhu 孟子译注 (Translation and Annotation of Mencius). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju