Abstract
Observed solar, interplanetary and geomagnetic time series contain quasi periodicities on scales of 1–2.5 years. The further discovery of 1.3 year fluctuations in helioseismic observations suggests that a variety of signals may be related to the underlying dynamo in the Sun. We use independent component analysis to study the temporal and spatial variations of a few statistically independent global modes of the axisymmetric solar magnetic field over a period of 25 years. Five modes capture the salient properties of the data. Two modes describe the polar and high latitude fields, and present 1–1.5 year quasi periodicities. The other three modes correspond to low and mid-latitude phenomena and show both 1.3 and 1.7-year variations. By comparing the characteristic time scales, dates of occurrence and heliocentric latitudes of these modes, we connect them to their manifestations in heliospheric time series.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abramenko, V.: 2004, Am. Astron. Soc. Meeting 204, 20.04.
Antalová, A. and Gnevyshev, M. N.: 1983, Contrib. Astron. Obs. Skalnaté Pleso 11, 63.
Benevolenskaya, E. E.: 1991, in I. Tuominen, D. Moss, and G. Rüdiger (eds.), The Sun and Cool Stars: Activity, Magnetism, Dynamos, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 234.
Benevolenskaya, E. E.: 1995, Solar Phys. 161, 1.
Benevolenskaya, E. E.: 1996, Solar Phys. 167, 47.
Benevolenskaya, E. E.: 1998, Astrophys. J. 509, L49.
Benevolenskaya, E. E.: 2003, Solar Phys. 216, 325.
Benevolenskaya, E. E., Kosovichev, A. G., Lemen, J. R., Scherrer, P. H., and Slater, G. L.: 2002, Astrophys. J. 571, L181.
Cichocki, A., Karhunen, J., Kasprzak, W., and Vigario, R.: 1999, Neurocomputing 24, 55.
Covas, E., Tavakol, R., and Moss, D.: 2000, Astron. Astrophys. 363, L13.
Elsner, J. B. and Tsonis, A. A.: 1996, Singular Spectrum Analysis, Plenum Press, New York.
Feminella, F. and Storini, M.: 1997, Astron. Astrophys. 322, 311.
Funaro, M., Oja, E., and Valpola, H.: 2003, Neural Netw. 16, 469.
Gazis, P. R.: 1996, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 415.
Gazis, P. R., Richardson, J. D., and Paularena, K. A.: 1995, Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 1165.
Gnevyshev, M. N.: 1967, Solar Phys. 1, 107.
Gnevyshev, M. N.: 1977, Solar Phys. 51, 175.
Hagenaar, H. J., Schrijver, C. J., and Title, A. M.: 2003, Astrophys. J. 584, 1107.
Howe, R. et al.: 2000, Science 287, 2456.
Hyvärinen, A., Karhunen, J., and Oja, E.: 2001, Independent Component Analysis, John Wiley, New York.
Jackson, J. E.: 1991, A User’s Guide to Principal Components, John Wiley, New York.
Karhunen, J., Cichocki, A., Kasprzak, W., and Pajunen, P.: 1997, Int. J. Neural Syst. 8, 219.
Krivova, N. A. and Solanki, S. K.: 2002, Astron. Astrophys. 394, 701.
Kudela, K., Rybák, J., Antalová, A., and Storini, M.: 2002, Solar Phys. 205, 165.
Lawrence, J. K., Cadavid, A. C., and Ruzmaikin, A.: 1996, Astrophys. J. 465, 425.
Lawrence, J. K., Cadavid, A. C., and Ruzmaikin, A.: 2004, Solar Phys. 225, in press.
Maino, D., Farusi, A., Baccigalupi, C., Perrota, F., Banday, A. J., Bedini, L., Burigana, C., De Zotti, G., Gorski, K. M., and Salerno, E.: 2002, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 334, 53.
McIntosh, P., Thompson, R., and Willock, E.: 1992, Nature 360, 322.
Mursula, K. and Vilppola, J. H.: 2004, Solar Phys. 221, 337.
Mursula, K., Zieger, B., and Vilppola, J. H.: 2003, Solar Phys. 212, 201.
Richardson, J. D., Paularena, K. I., Belcher, J. W., and Lazarus, A. J.: 1994, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1559.
Rybák, J., Antalová, A., and Storini, M.: 2001, Space Sci. Rev. 97, 359.
Toomre, J., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Hill, F., Howe, R., Komm, R., Schou, J., and Thompson, M. J.: 2003, in H. Sawaya-Lacoste (ed.), Proceedings of SOHO 12/GONG+ 2002 on Local and Global Helioseismology: The Present and Future, ESA SP-517, ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, Netherlands.
Torrence, C. and Compo, G. P.: 1998, Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 79, 61 (http://paos.colorado.edu/ research/wavelets).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cadavid, A.C., Lawrence, J.K., McDonald, D.P. et al. Independent Global Modes of Solar Magnetic Field Fluctuations. Sol Phys 226, 359–376 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-005-8187-0
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-005-8187-0