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Estimation of chlorophyll content and daily primary production of the major algal groups by means of multiwavelength-excitation PAM chlorophyll fluorometry: performance and methodological limits

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Abstract

The performance and methodological limits of the Phyto-PAM chlorophyll fluorometer were investigated with laboratory grown algae cultures and natural phytoplankton from the rivers Saar and Saale. The Phyto-PAM is a 4-wavelength chlorophyll fluorometer with the functional combination of chlorophyll (Chl) estimation and assessment of photosynthetic activity, both differentiated into the main algal groups. The reliability of fluorescence-based Chl estimation strongly depends on the group specific calibration of the instrument and the resulting chlorophyll/fluorescence (Chl/F) ratios in reference algal cultures. A very high reliability of the Chl estimation was obtained in the case of constant Chl/F-ratios. Algae grown at different light intensities showed marked differences in Chl/F-ratios, reflecting differences in pigment composition and Chl a specific absorption (a*). When the Phyto-PAM was calibrated with laboratory grown diatoms, the Chl a in river grown diatoms was underestimated, due a lower content of accessory pigments and stronger pigment packaging. While this aspect presently limits the application of PAM fluorometry in limnology, this limitation may be overcome by future technical progress in the detection of dynamic changes in Chl/F-ratio via fluorescence-based measurements of the functional PS II absorption cross-section. Practically identical Chl/F-ratios were found for the diatom-dominated waters of the rivers␣Saar and Saale, suggesting that the same instrument calibration parameters may be applied for hydrographically similar surface waters. For this particular case, despite of the present methodological limitations, the potential of PAM fluorometry in limnology could be demonstrated. Light response curves were measured to estimate primary production with a spectrally resolved model in daily courses at two sampling sites. Fluorescence based primary production was closely correlated with measured oxygen evolution rates until midday. In the afternoon, at the water surface the fluorescence approach gave higher␣rates than the measured oxygen evolution. Possible explanations for the observed differences are discussed.

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Abbreviations

a*:

chlorophyll aspecific absorption;

Chl:

chlorophyll

ETR:

relative electron transport rate

F:

fluorescence yield

F′m :

maximal fluorescence yield of illuminated sample

ΦPS II :

Photosytem II quantum yield

IK :

PAR-value characteristic for light saturation

LED:

light-emitting diode

LL:

low light

ML:

medium light

PAM:

pulse amplitude modulation

PAR:

photosynthetically active radiation

Pmax :

maximal rate of photosynthesis

PP:

primary production

PS:

photosystem

Qphar :

absorbed pho-tosynthetically active radiation

RLC:

rapid light curves

σPS II :

functional absorption cross section of Photosystem II

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology I/Plant Physiology, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 21–23, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Torsten Jakob, Uwe Langner & Christian Wilhelm

  2. Julius-von-Sachs Institute of Biosciences, Botany I, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany

    Ulrich Schreiber

  3. German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany

    Volker Kirchesch

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  1. Torsten Jakob
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  2. Ulrich Schreiber
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  3. Volker Kirchesch
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  4. Uwe Langner
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  5. Christian Wilhelm
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Correspondence to Torsten Jakob.

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Jakob, T., Schreiber, U., Kirchesch, V. et al. Estimation of chlorophyll content and daily primary production of the major algal groups by means of multiwavelength-excitation PAM chlorophyll fluorometry: performance and methodological limits. Photosynth Res 83, 343–361 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-005-1329-2

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