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In vivo examination of the local inflammatory response after implantation of Ti6Al4V samples with a combined low-temperature plasma treatment using pulsed magnetron sputtering of copper and plasma-polymerized ethylenediamine

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Abstract

Copper (Cu) could serve as antibacterial coating for Ti6Al4V implants. An additional cell-adhesive layer might compensate Cu cytotoxicity. This study aimed at in vitro and in vivo evaluation of low-temperature plasma treatment of Ti6Al4V plates with Ti/Cu magnetron sputtering (Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu), plasma-polymerized ethylenediamine (Ti6Al4V–PPEDA), or both (Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA). Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu and Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA had comparable in vitro Cu release and antibacterial effectiveness. Following intramuscular implantation of Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu, Ti6Al4V–PPEDA, Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA and Ti6Al4V controls for 7, 14 and 56 days with 8 rats/day, peri-implant tissue was immunohistochemically examined for different inflammatory cells. Ti6Al4V–PPEDA had more mast cells and NK cells than Ti6Al4V, and more tissue macrophages, T lymphocytes, mast cells and NK cells than Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA. Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu had more mast cells than Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA. Results indicate that PPEDA-mediated cell adhesion counteracted Cu cytotoxicity. Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA differed from Ti6Al4V only for mast cells on day 56. Altogether, implants with both plasma treatments had antibacterial properties and did not increase inflammatory reactions.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Kirsten Tornow, Kathleen Arndt and Robert Mrotzek for their excellent technical support. This study was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Grant No. 13N9779, Campus PlasmaMed).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Andreas Hoene & Maciej Patrzyk

  2. Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Group of Predictive Diagnostics, University Medical Center, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswalder Str. 11c, 17495, Karlsburg, Germany

    Uwe Walschus & Michael Schlosser

  3. Institute of Physics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Vítězslav Straňák, Rainer Hippler, Holger Testrich & Jürgen Meichsner

  4. Leibniz Institute of Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany

    Birgit Finke

  5. Biomedical Research Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Henrike Rebl & Barbara Nebe

  6. Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Carmen Zietz & Rainer Bader

  7. Department of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Andreas Podbielski

Authors
  1. Andreas Hoene
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  2. Maciej Patrzyk
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  3. Uwe Walschus
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  4. Vítězslav Straňák
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  5. Rainer Hippler
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  6. Holger Testrich
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  7. Jürgen Meichsner
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  8. Birgit Finke
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  9. Henrike Rebl
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  10. Barbara Nebe
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  11. Carmen Zietz
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  12. Rainer Bader
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  13. Andreas Podbielski
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  14. Michael Schlosser
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Schlosser.

Additional information

Andreas Hoene and Maciej Patrzyk contributed equally to this study.

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Hoene, A., Patrzyk, M., Walschus, U. et al. In vivo examination of the local inflammatory response after implantation of Ti6Al4V samples with a combined low-temperature plasma treatment using pulsed magnetron sputtering of copper and plasma-polymerized ethylenediamine. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 24, 761–771 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4839-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4839-4

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