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Patterns of weed invasion: evidence from the spatial genetic structure of Raphanus raphanistrum

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Abstract

Knowledge of the pathways of colonization is critical for risk assessment and management of weeds. In this study we adopted a landscape genetics approach to assess the impact of human disturbances and large-scale environmental features on the colonization of a global agricultural weed, Raphanus raphanistrum. We used nuclear microsatellite and chloroplast DNA sequence data to quantify the pattern of genetic diversity in 336 plants collected from 13 sites throughout the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa, one of the world’s recognized global biodiversity hotspots. The lack of strong spatial genetic structure suggests that R. raphanistrum colonized throughout the Cape Floristic Region via both local diffusive spread and long-distance jump dispersal. Furthermore, 47 % of analyzed plants contained Raphanus sativus (cultivated radish) chloroplast genomes, indicating historical and/or contemporary gene flow between wild and cultivated radish populations. The prevalence of high genetic diversity and long-distance gene flow are discussed in the context of ecological risk assessment.

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Acknowledgments

AB was supported through the DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, and JMK by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence FIBIR). We are grateful to S. Bottalico for sampling assistance and to J. Honing for help with DNA extractions. Genotyping was done at Stellenbosch University’s Central Analytical Facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

    A. Barnaud

  2. Diversité Adaptation et Développement des plantes, IRD, Montpellier, France

    A. Barnaud

  3. Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

    J. M. Kalwij

  4. Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa

    J. M. Kalwij & B. Jansen van Vuuren

  5. Centre for Invasion Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    M. A. McGeoch

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  1. A. Barnaud
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  4. B. Jansen van Vuuren
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Correspondence to B. Jansen van Vuuren.

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Barnaud, A., Kalwij, J.M., McGeoch, M.A. et al. Patterns of weed invasion: evidence from the spatial genetic structure of Raphanus raphanistrum . Biol Invasions 15, 2455–2465 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0465-4

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