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Direct Numerical Simulation of a Square Jet Ejected Transversely into an Accelerating, Laminar Main Flow

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Abstract

A numerical simulation of a square jet ejected transversely into a laminar boundary-layer flow was performed at a jet-to-main-flow velocity ratio of 9.78 and jet Reynolds number of 6330. The jet consisted of a single pulse with a duration equal to the time required for the jet fluid to travel 173 jet widths. A strongly-favourable streamwise pressure gradient was applied to the boundary layer and produced a freestream acceleration that is above the typical threshold required for relaminarization. The results of the simulation illustrate the effect of the favourable streamwise pressure gradient on the flowfield created by the transverse jet. Notably, the horseshoe vortex system created upwind of the jet remains steady in time and does not induce noticeable fluctuations in the jet flow. The upwind and downwind shear layers of the jet roll-up through a Kelvin–Helmholtz-like instability into discrete shear-layer vortices. Jet vorticity in the upwind and downwind shear layers accumulates near the corners of the jet and produces two sets of vortex pairs, the former of which couple with the shear-layer vortices to produce large, counter-rotating vortices in the freestream, while the latter are unstable and periodically produce hairpin vortices in the main-flow boundary layer and elongated vortices in the freestream behind the jet. The departure of the jet flowfield from the vortical structures typically observed in transverse jets illustrates the substantive effect of the favourable streamwise pressure gradient on the flowfield created by the jet.

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  1. Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Joshua R. Brinkerhoff & Metin I. Yaras

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  1. Joshua R. Brinkerhoff
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  2. Metin I. Yaras
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Correspondence to Metin I. Yaras.

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Brinkerhoff, J.R., Yaras, M.I. Direct Numerical Simulation of a Square Jet Ejected Transversely into an Accelerating, Laminar Main Flow. Flow Turbulence Combust 89, 519–546 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-012-9406-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-012-9406-z

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