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Quantitative Prediction of Water Volumes Within a Coal Mine Underlying Limestone Strata Using Geophysical Methods

Vorhersage von Wassermengen in den im Liegenden eines Kohlebergwerks vorkommenden Kalksteinen unter Nutzung geophysikalischer Methoden

Predicción cuantitativa de los volúmenes de agua dentro de un estrato de caliza subterráneo en una mina de carbón usando métodos geofísicos

综合物探方法定量预测煤层底板灰岩水量实验研究

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Abstract

Mine water and mine inflow water are closely linked to the risk of mine water disasters. The relationships between various geophysical parameters and the volume of water in mine tunnels were considered by using an integrated suite of appropriate geophysical methods [i.e. direct current (DC) resistivity, transient electromagnetic method (TEM), and the seismic scattered wave method], and knowledge of the essential features of seam floor water in karst coal mine settings. By constructing a 3-dimensional physical simulation of water-bearing limestone, a quantitative predictive formula for water volume in abnormal bodies was derived in terms of the parameters of the selected suite of geophysical methods. Water volume was determined by using apparent resistivity (obtained from the DC resistivity survey and TEM), a measure of the amount of potentially water-containing space, and a correction coefficient. The quantitative formula was adjusted for accuracy using field data, and then tested at a specific field site. The average accuracy of predictions using the composite quantitative formula was 75.8 %, which is considered to be high. The formula presented in this paper could contribute significantly to the prevention and mitigation of water-related disasters in karst coal mines.

Zusammenfassung

Grubenwasservorkommen und –zuflüsse erhöhen oftmals das Risiko für mögliche Grubenunglücke. Durch die integrierte Anwendung geeigneter geophysikalischer Methoden (z. B. Gleichstrom (DC) Widerstandsverfahren, Transienten-Elektromagnetik-Methoden (TEM), Seismische-Streuwellen-Verfahren) wird die Beziehungen zwischen unterschiedlichen geophysikalischen Parametern und dem vorhanden Wasservolumen in Grubenhohlräumen untersucht. Einbezogen werden dabei auch die Vorkenntnisse über die Ausbildung von Liegendwasservorkommen in verkarsteten Hohlräumen unterhalb von Kohlebergwerken. Durch die Konstruktion einer 3-dimensionalen Modells des wasserführenden Kalksteins wird ein quantitativer Algorithmus für die Wasservolumenabschätzungen bzw. -vorhersagen entwickelt, wobei Parameter aus den angewendeten geophysikalischen Verfahren genutzt werden. Zur Bestimmung der Summe des potenziell wasserführenden Hohlraumes (Wasservolumens) werden die scheinbaren Widerstandswerte aus den DC-Anwendungen und den TEM-Messungen sowie weitere Korrektur-Koeffizienten verwendet. Die resultierende Formel wurde durch Felddaten überprüft und anhand von spezifischen Feldtests validiert. Die durchschnittliche Vorhersagegenauigkeit bei der Verwendung des Algorithmus lag bei (relativ hohen) 75,8 %. Die hier präsentierte Formel kann signifikant dazu beitragen, Schäden bzw. Unglücke durch Liegendwasserzutritte in verkarsteten Kohlebergwerken zu minimieren bzw. zu verhindern.

Resumen

El agua de mina y el agua que puede irrumpir en las minas están estrechamente vinculada a los riesgos de desastres de agua en las minas. Las relaciones entre varios parámetros geofísicos y el volumen de agua en los túneles de la mina fueron consideradas usando un juego integrado de métodos geofísicos apropiados (resistividad de corriente continua (DC), método del sondeo electromagnético transiente (TEM) y el método sísmico de dispersión de ondas) y el conocimiento de las características relevantes de las vetas de agua del piso en las minas de carbón. A través de una simulación física tridimensional de calizas con contenido de agua, se derivó una fórmula predictiva cuantitativa para el volumen de agua en cuerpos anormales en términos de los parámetros de los métodos geofísicos seleccionados. El volumen de agua fue determinado usando la resistividad aparente (obtenida a partir de TEM y DC), una medida de la cantidad de agua potencialmente contenida en el espacio y un coeficiente de corrección. La formula cuantitativa fue ajustada usando datos de campos y luego testeada en un sitio específico. La precisión promedio de las predicciones usando la formula cuantitativa fue 75,8 %, que es considerada alta. La formula presentada en este trabajo podría contribuir significativamente a la prevención y mitigación de los desastres vinculados con el agua en las minas de carbón.

摘要

矿井涌(突)水量与矿井水害威胁程度密切相关。基于综合物探原理(直流电法、瞬变电磁法和地震散射波法)和煤矿底板灰岩富水规律,研究了灰岩富水性与地球物理多场参数的关系。通过灰岩含水层三维相似物理模拟,建立了含水层水量与综合物探参数的定量关系,利用综合视电阻率(直流电法和瞬变电磁法)、潜在含水空间和校正系数来预测灰岩含水层水量。首先利用现场实测综合物探数据校正预测公式,然后进行现场试验验证,水量预测精度可达75.8 %。研究对煤矿灰岩水害防治具有重要意义。

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation Projects, “Detecting Theory and Method of High Resolution Mine Seismic Detection” (Grant No. U1261202).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Resource and Earth Science, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Cai Yang & Shengdong Liu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Deep Geomechanics and Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Cai Yang & Shengdong Liu

  3. School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China

    Rongxin Wu

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  1. Cai Yang
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Correspondence to Shengdong Liu.

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Supplemental Fig. 1

Physical model (TIFF 3677 kb)

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Observation system arrangement for DC resistivity survey (PDF 32 kb)

Supplementary material 3 (DOC 32 kb)

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Yang, C., Liu, S. & Wu, R. Quantitative Prediction of Water Volumes Within a Coal Mine Underlying Limestone Strata Using Geophysical Methods. Mine Water Environ 36, 51–58 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-016-0394-4

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