Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

UFT (Tegafur and Uracil) as Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Solid Tumors (Carcinoma of the Lung, Stomach, Colon/Rectum, and Breast): Clinical Evidence, Mechanism of Action, and Future Direction

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Surgery Today Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

UFT (tegafur and uracil) is an oral anticancer drug that has been developed in Japan. Owing to its mild toxicity profile, UFT can be suitable in an adjuvant setting following a complete tumor resection, whereas its direct antitumor effect achieved may be insufficient for advanced unresectable disease. Therefore, a variety of adjuvant chemotherapy trials with UFT have been conducted, and results of well-designed randomized controlled trials have recently shown a survival benefit of postoperative UFT treatment in resected lung, gastric, colorectal, and breast cancer. In the present article, postoperative adjuvant trials with UFT-containing chemotherapy are reviewed, and the mechanism of action and future directions are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S Fujii S Kitano K Ikenaka T Shirasaka (1979) ArticleTitleEffect of coadministration of uracil or cytosine on the anti-tumor activity of clinical doses of 1-(2-tertahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil and level of 5-fluorouracil in rodents Gann (Cancer Sci) 70 209–14 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXksV2hsb4%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. F Tanaka T Fukuse H Wada M Fukushima (2000) ArticleTitleThe history, mechanism and clinical use of oral 5-fluorouracil derivative chemotherapeutic agents Curr Pharm Biotech 1 137–164 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnsFehsr8%3D Occurrence Handle10.2174/1389201003378979

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K Ikenaka T Shirasaka S Kitano S Fujii (1979) ArticleTitleEffect of uracil on metabolism of 5-fluorouracil in vitro Gann (Cancer Sci) 70 353–9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXltFOisLc%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. DH Ho R Pazdur WP Covington N Brown YY Huo Y Lassere et al. (1998) ArticleTitleComparison of 5-fluorouracil pharmacokinetics in patients receiving continuous 5-fluorouraci infusion and oral uracil plus N1-5(2′-Tertahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil Clin Cancer Res 4 2085–8 Occurrence Handle9748123 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmslCjs7w%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. K Ota T Taguchi K Kimura (1988) ArticleTitleReport on nationwide pooled data and cohort investigation in UFT phase II study Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 22 333–8 Occurrence Handle3139315 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2FgtlCjtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00254241

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. ST Malik D Talbot PI Clarke R Osborne R Reznek PF Wrigley et al. (1990) ArticleTitlePhase II trial of UFT in advanced colorectal and gastric cancer Br J Cancer 62 1023–5 Occurrence Handle2257207 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2Fnslantg%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. H Wada S Hitomi T Teramatsu (1996) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy after complete resection in non-small-cell lung cancer. West Japan Study Group for Lung Surgery J Clin Oncol 14 1048–54 Occurrence Handle8648356 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XisFyksb8%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H Kato Y Ichinose M Ohta E Hata N Tsubota H Tada et al. (2004) ArticleTitleA randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur for adenocarcinoma of the lung N Engl J Med 350 1713–21 Occurrence Handle15102997 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjt12mt7c%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa032792

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. K Nakagawa H Tada A Akashi T Yasumitsu K Iuchi T Taki et al. (2006) ArticleTitleThe Osaka Lung Cancer Study Group, Japan. Randomized study of adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected p-stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer Br J Cancer 95 817–21 Occurrence Handle16969350 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVans7jE Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.bjc.6603336

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. T Kinoshita T Nakajima Y Ohashi InstitutionalAuthorNameNational Surgical Adjuvant Study Group for Gastric Cancer (2005) ArticleTitleN-SAS-GC). Adjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur (UFT) for serosa negative advanced gastric cancer: results of a randomized trial by the National Surgical Adjuvant Study of Gastric Cancer J Clin Oncol 23 IssueID16s 313s

    Google Scholar 

  11. T Akasu Y Moriya Y Ohashi S Yoshida K Shirao S Kodaira (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur for pathological stage III rectal cancer after excision with selective lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial Jpn J Clin Oncol 36 237–44 Occurrence Handle16675478 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jjco/hyl014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. S Noguchi H Koyama J Uchino R Abe S Miura K Sugimachi et al. (2005) ArticleTitlePostoperative adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen, tegafur plus uracil, or both in women with node-negative breast cancer: a pooled analysis of six randomized controlled trials J Clin Oncol 10 2172–84 Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2005.02.158 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjsVyiu70%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. K Yonekura Y Basaki L Chikahisa S Okabe A Hashimoto K Miyadera et al. (1999) ArticleTitleUFT and its metabolites inhibit the angiogenesis induced by murine renal cell carcinoma, as determined by a dorsal air sac assay in mice Clin Cancer Res 5 2185–91 Occurrence Handle10473104 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1MvgtVSrsQ%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. F Tanaka K Yanagihara Y Otake R Miyahara H Wada (2004) ArticleTitleAngiogenesis and the efficacy of postoperative administration of UFT in pathologic stage-I non-small cell lung cancer Cancer Sci 95 371–6 Occurrence Handle15072598 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXks1yks7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03218.x

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Sasako M, Yamaguchi T, Kinoshita T, Fujii M, Nashimoto A, Furukawa H, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing S-1 monotherapy versus surgery alone for stage II/III gastric cancer patients (pts) after curative D2 gastrectomy (ACTS-GC study). Presented at the 2007 Gastrointestinal Cancer Symposium (ASCO) on January 19, 2007 http://www.asco.org/portal/site/ASCO/menuitem.34d60f5624ba07fd506fe310ee37a01d/?vgnextoid=76f8201eb61a7010VgnVCM100000ed730ad1RCRD&vmview=abst_detail_view&confID=45&abstracted=10362

  16. CF Mountain (1997) ArticleTitleRevision in the international system for staging lung cancer Chest 116 1710–7

    Google Scholar 

  17. T Naruke R Tsuchiya H Kondo H Asamura H Nakayama (1997) ArticleTitleImplication of staging in lung cancer Chest 112 242s–248s Occurrence Handle9337297 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2svnslagtg%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. F Tanaka K Yanagihara Y Otake R Miyahara Y Kawano T Nakagawa et al. (2000) ArticleTitleSurgery for non-small cell lung cancer: postoperative survival based on the revised tumor-node-metastasis classification and its time trend Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 18 147–155 Occurrence Handle10925222 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvmvFWrsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1010-7940(00)00490-5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. F Tanaka K Yanagihara Y Ohtake T Fukuse S Hitomi H Wada (1997) ArticleTitleTime trends and survival after surgery for p-stage IIIa, pN2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 12 372–9 Occurrence Handle9332914 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2svnsVSksA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1010-7940(97)00204-2

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. InstitutionalAuthorNamePORT Meta-analysis Trialists Group (1998) ArticleTitlePostoperative radiotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from nine randomized controlled trials Lancet 352 257–63 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61359-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. L Burdett L Stewart (2005) ArticleTitlePostoperative radiotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: update of an individual patient data meta-analysis Lung Cancer 47 81–3 Occurrence Handle15603857 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.09.010

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. InstitutionalAuthorNameNon-small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group (1995) ArticleTitleChemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis using updated data on individual patients from 52 randomised clinical trials BMJ 311 899–909

    Google Scholar 

  23. InstitutionalAuthorNameThe International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial Collaborative Group (2004) ArticleTitleCisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer N Engl J Med 350 3860–7 Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa031644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. T Winton R Livingston D Johnson J Rigas M Johnston C Butts et al. (2005) ArticleTitleVinorelbine plus cisplatin vs. observation in resected non-small-cell lung cancer N Engl J Med 352 2589–97 Occurrence Handle15972865 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXls1Wqurg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa043623

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. JY Douillard R Rosell M De Lena F Carpagnano R Ramlau JL Gonzáles-Larriba et al. (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant vinorelbine plus cisplatin versus observation in patients with completely resected stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (Adjuvant Navelbine International Trialist Association [ANITA]): a randomized controlled trial Lancet Oncol 7 719–27 Occurrence Handle16945766 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xptlyku7c%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1470-2045(06)70804-X

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. JP Pignon H Tribodet GV Scagliotti JY Douillard FA Shepherd RJ Stephens et al. (2006) ArticleTitleLung Adjuvant Cisplatin Evaluation (LACE): a pooled analysis of five randomized clinical trials including 4584 patients J Clin Oncol 24s 366s

    Google Scholar 

  27. M Nakagawa F Tanaka N Tsubota M Ohta M Takao H Wada (2005) ArticleTitleA randomized phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT for completely resected pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer: the West Japan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery (WJSG) — the 4th study Ann Oncol 16 75–80 Occurrence Handle15598942 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2cnitlWjtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/annonc/mdi008

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. C Endo Y Saito H Iwanami T Tsushima T Imai M Kawamura et al. (2003) ArticleTitleA randomized trial of postoperative UFT therapy in p-stage I–II non-small cell lung cancer: North-east Japan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery Lung Cancer 40 181–6 Occurrence Handle12711119 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-5002(03)00032-1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. M Imaizumi (2005) ArticleTitlePostoperative adjuvant cisplatin, vindesine, plus uracil-tegafur chemotherapy increased survival of patients with completely resected p-stage I non-small cell lung cancer Lung Cancer 49 85–94 Occurrence Handle15949594 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.11.025

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. InstitutionalAuthorNameThe Study Group of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer (Chubu, Japan) (1995) ArticleTitleA randomized trial of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (the second cooperative study) Eur J Surg Oncol 21 69–77 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0748-7983(05)80072-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. H Wada R Miyahara F Tanaka S Hitomi West Japan (1999) ArticleTitleStudy Group for lung cancer surgery (WJSG). Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with PVM (Cisplatin + Vindesine + Mitomycin C) and UFT (Uracil + Tegaful): a randomized clinical trial Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 15 438–43 Occurrence Handle10371118 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M3pslGhug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1010-7940(99)00031-7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. F Tanaka N Tsubota S Namikawa M Ohta M Yamakido S Hitomi InstitutionalAuthorNameJapan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery (WJSG) et al. (2005) ArticleTitleA randomized phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and vindesine followed by UFT for completely resected pathologic (p-) stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): West Japan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery (WJSG) — the 5th study J Clin Oncol 23 IssueID16s 685s

    Google Scholar 

  33. M Tsuboi H Kato Y Ichinose M Ohta E Hata N Tsubota et al. (2006) ArticleTitlethe Japan Lung Cancer Research Group on Postsurgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy J Clin Oncol 24s 413s

    Google Scholar 

  34. C Hamada F Tanaka M Ohta S Fujimura K Kodama M Imaizumi et al. (2005) ArticleTitleMeta-analysis of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur-uracil in non-small-cell lung cancer J Clin Oncol 23 4999–5006 Occurrence Handle16051951 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpsFWmtL0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2005.09.017

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. E Ogawa F Tanaka K Yanagihara H Wada (2005) ArticleTitleA phase II trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with weekly paclitaxel (Pac) and carboplatin (Cb) followed by UFT for completely resected pathologic (p-) stage II (N1) and IIIA (N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) J Clin Oncol 23s 698s

    Google Scholar 

  36. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/gastric/healthprofessional/

  37. T Kinoshita M Konishi T Nakagohri S Takahashi N Gotouda (2006) ArticleTitleGastric cancer Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 313–17 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjtFWgsro%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J Sakamoto S Morita Y Kodera M Rahman A Nakao (2004) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer in Japan: global and Japanese perspectives Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 54 IssueIDsupplement 1 s25–s31 Occurrence Handle15309511 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFagtr3K

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. J Hermans JJ Bonekamp MC Boon AM Bunt S Ohyama M Sasako et al. (1993) ArticleTitleAdjuvant therapy after curative resection for gastric cancer: meta-analysis of randomized trials J Clin Oncol 11 1441–7 Occurrence Handle8336183 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3szivFCrtw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. JP Pignon M Ducreux P Rougier (1994) ArticleTitleMeta-analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer: a critical reappraisal J Clin Oncol 12 879–80

    Google Scholar 

  41. CC Earle JA Maroun (1999) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection for gastric cancer in non-Asian patients: revisting a meta-analysis of randomized trials Eur J Cancer 35 1059–64 Occurrence Handle10533448 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FgtlKnsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0959-8049(99)00076-3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. E Mari I Floriani A Tinazzi A Buda M Belfiglio M Valentini et al. (2000) ArticleTitleEfficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of published randomised trials Ann Oncol 11 837–43 Occurrence Handle10997811 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvks1SgtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1008377101672

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. I Panzini L Gianni PP Fattori D Tassinari M Imola P Fabbri et al. (2002) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized trials and comparison with previous meta-analysis Tumori 88 21–7 Occurrence Handle12004845 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xjt1ChtLo%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. KG Janunger L Hafstrom B Glimelius (2002) ArticleTitleChemotherapy in gastric cancer: a review and updated meta-analysis Eur J Surg 168 579–608 Occurrence Handle10.1080/11024150201680001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. JS Macdonald SR Smalley J Benedetti SA Hundahl NC Estes GN Stemmermann et al. (2001) ArticleTitleChemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction N Engl J Med 345 725–30 Occurrence Handle11547741 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mvps1Cqug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa010187

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. T Nakajima K Ota S Ishihara S Oyama M Nishi N Hamashima (1994) ArticleTitleMeta-analysis of 10 postoperative adjuvant chemotherapies for gastric cancer Jpn J Cancer Chemother 21 1800–5 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2czmtFGgug%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. H Takiuchi JA Ajani (1998) ArticleTitleUracil-tegafur in gastric carcinoma: a comprehensive review J Clin Oncol 16 2877–85 Occurrence Handle9704742 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlsFCnsr0%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. H Furukawa T Iwanaga T Nakajima K Okabayashi H Nakazato Y Hiratsuka et al. (1995) ArticleTitleRandomized study with mitomycin C + 5-fluorouracil + cytosine arabinoside (MFC), MFC + tegafur and uracil (UFT), and MF + UFT in advanced gastric cancer: interinstitutional differences in a multicenter study in Japan J Surg Oncol 60 59–64 Occurrence Handle7666668 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXosl2rs7o%3D Occurrence Handle10.1002/jso.2930600112

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. M Kitamura T Nakajima K Ohta A Nashimoto Y Yamamura H Furukawa et al. (1999) Adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer: JCOG experience T Nakajima Yamaguchi (Eds) Multimodality therapy for gastric cancer Springer Tokyo 32–41

    Google Scholar 

  50. T Nakajima A Nashimoto M Kitamura T Kito T Iwanaga K Okabayashi InstitutionalAuthorNamethe Gastric Cancer Surgical Study Group et al. (1999) ArticleTitleAdjuvant mitomycin and fluorouracil followed by oral uracil and tegafur in serosa-negative gastric cancer: a randomized trial Lancet 354 273–7 Occurrence Handle10440302 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltFOlur4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(99)01048-X

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. T Nakajima (2000) ArticleTitleEvaluation of adjuvant UFT for gastric cancer Oncology 14 IssueIDsuppl 9 82s–96s

    Google Scholar 

  52. Miyashiro I, Furukawa H, Sasako M, Yamamoto S, Nishimoto A, Nakajima T, et al; Gastric Cancer Surgical Study Group, Japan Clinical Oncology Group. No survival benefit with adjuvant chemotherapy for serosa-positive gastric cancer: randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin followed by oral fluorouracil (UFT) in serosa-positive gastric cancer. Japan Clinical Oncology Group 9206-2. Presented at the 2005 Gastrointestinal Cancer Symposium (ASCO). http://www.asco.org/portal/site/ASCO/menuitem.34d60f5624ba07fd506fe310ee37a01d/?vgnextoid=76f8201eb61a7010VgnVCM100000ed730ad1RCRD&vmview=abst_detail_view&confID=36&abstracted=10178

  53. J Sakamoto S Morita Y Kodera M Rahman A Nakao (2004) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer in Japan: global and Japanese perspectives Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 54 IssueIDsuppl 1 s25–s31 Occurrence Handle15309511 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFagtr3K

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. K Oba S Morita A Tsuburaya Y Kodera M Kobayashi J Sakamoto (2006) ArticleTitleEfficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy using oral fluorinated pyrimidines for curatively resected gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of centrally randomized controlled clinical trials in Japan J Chemother 18 311–8 Occurrence Handle17129844 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XotFart78%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. J Sakamoto A Tsuburaya S Morita T Matsui K Oba Y Kodera et al. (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur/uracil (UFT) for gastric cancer. A meta-analysis of centrally randomized clinical trials J Clin Oncol 24s 186s

    Google Scholar 

  56. T Akasu (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 307–12 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjtFWhtbY%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. AB Benson SuffixIII D Schrag MR Somerfield AM Cohen AT Figueredo PJ Flynn et al. (2004) ArticleTitleAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations on adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer J Clin Oncol 22 3408–19 Occurrence Handle15199089 Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2004.05.063

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. E Mamounas S Wieand N Wolmark HD Bear JN Atkins K Song et al. (1999) ArticleTitleComparative efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with Dukes' B versus Dukes' C colon cancer: results from four National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project adjuvant studies (C-01, C-02, C-03, and C-04) J Clin Oncol 17 1349–55 Occurrence Handle10334518 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M3msFKrtQ%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/colon/healthprofessional/

  60. S Gill CL Loprinzi DJ Sargent SD Thome SR Alberts DG Haller et al. (2004) ArticleTitlePooled analysis of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy for stage II and III colon cancer: who benefits and by how much? J Clin Oncol 22 1797–806 Occurrence Handle15067028 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptlClu7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2004.09.059

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. N Wolmark H Rockette B Fisher DL Wickerham C Redmond ER Fisher et al. (1993) ArticleTitleThe benefit of leucovorin-modulated fluorouracil as postoperative adjuvant therapy for primary colon cancer: Results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol C-03 J Clin Oncol 11 1879–87 Occurrence Handle8410113 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2FhsFajtw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. MJ O'Connell N Wolmark G Yothers S Haile L Colangelo N Petrelli (2005) ArticleTitleDurable improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for stage II or III colon cancer treated with leucovorin-modulated fluorouracil (FU): 10-year follow-up of National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) protocol C-03 J Clin Oncol 23s 248s

    Google Scholar 

  63. N Wolmark H Rockette E Mamounas J Jones S Wieand DL Wickerham et al. (1999) ArticleTitleClinical trial to assess the relative efficacy of fluorouracil and leucovorin, fluorouracil and levamisole, and fluorouracil, leucovorin, and levamisole in patients with Dukes' B and C carcinoma of the colon: results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project C-04 J Clin Oncol 17 3553–9 Occurrence Handle10550154 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXnvVGltLo%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. DJ Sargent RM Goldberg SD Jacobson JS Macdonald R Labianca DG Haller et al. (2001) ArticleTitleA pooled analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy for resected colon cancer in elderly patients N Engl J Med 345 1091–7 Occurrence Handle11596588 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrkvFKhtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa010957

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. JM Jessup A Stewart FL Greene BD Minsky (2005) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer. Implications of race/ethnicity, age, and differentiation JAMA 294 2703–11 Occurrence Handle16333005 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht12rtLnL Occurrence Handle10.1001/jama.294.21.2703

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. DG Haller PJ Catalano JS Macdonald MA O'Rourke MS Frontiera DV Jackson et al. (2005) ArticleTitlePhase III study of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and levamisole in high-risk stage II and III colon cancer: final report of Intergroup 0089 J Clin Oncol 23 8671–8 Occurrence Handle16314627 Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2004.00.5686

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. N Wolmark HS Wieand JP Kuebler RE Smith (2005) ArticleTitleA phase III trial comparing FULV to FULV+oxaliplatin in stage II or III carcinoma of the colon: Results of NSABP Protocol C-07 J Clin Oncol 23s 246s

    Google Scholar 

  68. T Andre C Boni L Mounedji-Boudiaf M Navarro J Tabernero T Hickish et al. (2004) ArticleTitleOxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer N Engl J Med 350 2343–51 Occurrence Handle15175436 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXks1Gjt78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa032709

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. T Kato Y Ohashi H Nakazato A Koika S Saji H Suzuki et al. (2002) ArticleTitleEfficacy of oral UFT as adjuvant chemotherapy to curative resection of colorectal cancer: multicenter prospective randomized trial Langenbeck's Arch Surg 386 575–81 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD387ot1WhtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00423-002-0278-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. BC Lembersky HS Wieand NJ Petrelli MJ O'Connell LH Colangelo RE Smith et al. (2006) ArticleTitleOral uracil and tegafur plus leucovorin compared with intravenous fluorouracil and leucovorin in stage II and III carcinoma of the colon: results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol C-06 J Clin Oncol 24 2059–64 Occurrence Handle16648506 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xlt1amurk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2005.04.7498

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. C Twelves A Wong MP Nowacki M Abt H Burris SuffixIII A Carrato et al. (2005) ArticleTitleCapecitabine as adjuvant treatment for stage III colon cancer N Engl J Med 352 2696–704 Occurrence Handle15987918 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXls1SktL0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa043116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/rectal/healthprofessional/

  73. InstitutionalAuthorNameGastrointestinal Tumor Study Group (1985) ArticleTitleProlongation of the disease-free interval in surgically treated rectal carcinoma N Engl J Med 312 1465–72 Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJM198506063122301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. JE Krook CG Moertel LL Gunderson HS Wieand RT Collins RW Beart et al. (1991) ArticleTitleEffective surgical adjuvant therapy for high-risk rectal carcinoma N Engl J Med 324 709–15 Occurrence Handle1997835 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3M7kvVKmsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJM199103143241101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. B Fisher N Wolmark H Rockette C Redmond M Deutsch DL Wickerham et al. (1988) ArticleTitlePostoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy for rectal cancer: results from NSABP protocol R-01 J Natl Cancer Inst 80 21–9 Occurrence Handle3276900 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1c7hvFSjsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jnci/80.1.21

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. N Wolmark S Wieand DM Hyams L Colangelo NV Dimitrov EH Romond et al. (2000) ArticleTitleRandomized trial of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for carcinoma of the rectum: National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol R-02 J Natl Cancer Inst 92 388–96 Occurrence Handle10699069 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhvFGhu78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jnci/92.5.388

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. T Mori K Takahashi M Yasuno (1998) ArticleTitleRadical resection with autonomic nerve preservation and lymph node dissection techniques in lower rectal cancer surgery and its results: the impact of lateral lymph node dissection Langenbecks Arch Surg 383 409–15 Occurrence Handle9921940 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M7hvV2isQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s004230050153

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. InstitutionalAuthorNameThe Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy Study Group of Japan (1995) ArticleTitleFive-years results of randomized controlled trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for curatively resected colorectal cancer Jpn J Clin Oncol 25 91–103

    Google Scholar 

  79. S Kodaira K Kikuchi M Yasutomi T Takahashi K Hojo T Kato et al. (1998) ArticleTitlePostoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin C and UFT for curatively resected rectal cancer. Results from the Cooperative Project No.7 Group of the Japanese Foundation for Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer Int J Clin Cancer 3 357–64

    Google Scholar 

  80. M Watanabe O Nishida Y Kunuii S Kodaira T Takahashi T Tominaga et al. (2004) ArticleTitleRandomized controlled trial of the efficacy of adjuvant immunotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer, using different combinations of the intracutaneous streptococcal preparation OK-432 and the oral pyrimidines 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil and uracil/tegafur Int J Clin Oncol 9 98–106 Occurrence Handle15108041 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjtlyjsb8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s10147-003-0374-0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. InstitutionalAuthorNameMeta-analysis Group of the Japanese Society for Colon and Rectum and the Meta-analysis Group in Japan (2004) ArticleTitleEfficacy of oral adjuvant therapy after resection of colorectal cancer: 5-year results from three randomized trials J Clin Oncol 22 484–92

    Google Scholar 

  82. C Hamada J Sakamoto M Yasutomi S Saji H Nakazato S Yoshida et al. (2005) ArticleTitleMeta-analysis Project Group Japanese Society for Cancer of Colon and Rectum J Clin Oncol 23s 263s

    Google Scholar 

  83. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/breast/healthprofessional/

  84. N Tokudome N Ito (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy based on evidence-based medicine for breast cancer patients Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 318–23 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjtFWgs7w%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. A Goldhirsch JH Glick RD Gelber AS Coates B Thurlimann HJ Senn (2006) ArticleTitleMeeting highlights: international expert consensus on the primary therapy of early breast cancer 2005 Ann Oncol 16 1569–83 Occurrence Handle10.1093/annonc/mdi326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. G Bonadonna E Brusamolino P Valagussa A Rossi L Brugnatelli C Brambilla et al. (1976) ArticleTitleCombination chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment in operable breast cancer N Engl J Med 294 405–10 Occurrence Handle1246307 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaE287gtVKrtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJM197602192940801

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. InstitutionalAuthorNameEarly Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (1998) ArticleTitlePolychemotherapy for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomised trials Lancet 352 930–42 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61359-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. InstitutionalAuthorNameEarly Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (2005) ArticleTitleEffects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomized trials Lancet 365 1687–1717 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66544-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXkt1ansb0%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. MN Levine BM Whelan (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer — 30 years later N Engl J Med 355 1920–2 Occurrence Handle17079767 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtFKjtbrF Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMe068204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. IC Henderson DA Berry GD Demetri CT Cirrincione LJ Goldstein S Martino et al. (2003) ArticleTitleImproved outcomes from adding sequential paclitaxel but not from escalating doxorubicin dose in an adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for patients with node-positive primary breast cancer J Clin Oncol 21 976–83 Occurrence Handle12637460 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpsVGqs7c%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2003.02.063

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. ML Citron DA Berry C Cirrincione C Hudis EP Winer WJ Gradishar et al. (2003) ArticleTitleRandomized trial of dose-dense versus convertionally scheduled and sequential versus concurrent combination chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant treatment of node-positive primary breast cancer: first report of Intergroup Trial C9741/Cancer and Leukemia Group B Trial 9741 J Clin Oncol 21 1431–9 Occurrence Handle12668651 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptlCks7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2003.09.081

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. E Mamounas J Bryant B Lembersky L Fehrenbacher SM Sedlacek B Fisher et al. (2005) ArticleTitlePaclitaxel after doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide as adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer: results from NSABP B-28 J Clin Oncol 23 3686–96 Occurrence Handle15897552 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlslWntrw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2005.10.517

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. H Roche P Fumoleau M Spielman JJ Canon T Delozier D Serin et al. (2006) ArticleTitleSequential adjuvant epirubicin-based and docetaxel chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer patients: the FNCLCC PACS 01 Trial J Clin Oncol 24 5664–5671 Occurrence Handle17116941 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVChs78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2006.07.3916

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. M Martin T Pienkowski J Mackey M Pawlicki JP Guastalla C Weaver et al. (2005) ArticleTitleAdjuvant docetaxel for node-positive breast cancer N Engl J Med 352 2302–2013 Occurrence Handle15930421 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXksl2lt7c%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa043681

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. SE Jones MA Savin SF Holmes JA O'Shaughnessy J Blum S Vukeija et al. (2006) ArticleTitlePhase III trial comparing doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide with docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide as adjuvant therapy for operable breast cancer J Clin Oncol 24 5381–5387 Occurrence Handle17135639 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXisVSjtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2006.06.5391

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. H Joensuu PL Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P Bono T Alanko V Kataja R Asola et al. (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant docetaxel or vinorelbine with or without trastuzumab for breast cancer N Engl J Med 354 809–820 Occurrence Handle16495393 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xhsl2gsrY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa053028

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. H Takeuchi K Okubo N Fujiuchi T Saeki (2006) ArticleTitleCurrent status of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 736–741 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XntFeru7o%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. LF Hutchins SJ Green PM Ravdin D Lew S Martino M Abeloff et al. (2005) ArticleTitleRandomized, controlled trial of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil versus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil with and without tamoxifen for high-risk, node-negative breast cancer: treatment results of Intergroup Protocol INT-0102 J Clin Oncol 23 8313–8321 Occurrence Handle16293862 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlWhtrjK Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2005.08.071

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. L Iglesias JA Moreno E Torrija E Murillo M Codes A Duque et al. (1997) ArticleTitleUFT in combination as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer Oncology 11 74–81 Occurrence Handle9348574 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FgvFWrsg%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Y Hata J Uchino K Asaishi Y Kubo T Tanabe M Ogita et al. (1999) ArticleTitleUFT and mitomycin plus tamoxifen for stage II, ER-positive breast cancer. Hokkaido ACETBC Study Group Oncology 13s s91–s95

    Google Scholar 

  101. K Sugimachi Y Maehara K Akazawa Y Nomura K Eida M Ogawa et al. (1999) ArticleTitleNishinihon Cooperative Study Group of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Postoperative chemo-endocrine treatment with mitomycin C, tamoxifen, and UFT is effective for patients with premenopausal estrogen receptor-positive stage II breast cancer Breast Cancer Res Treat 56 113–124 Occurrence Handle10573104 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXnvVKisbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1006221425652

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. F Kasumi M Yoshimoto J Uchino R Abe Y Nomura K Sugimachi et al. (2003) ArticleTitleMeta-analysis of five studies on tegafur plus uracil (UFT) as post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer Oncology 64 146–153 Occurrence Handle12566912 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXntFShsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1159/000067763

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. T Watanabe (1998) ArticleTitlePhase III randomized comparison of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with 2-year oral UFT (uracil / tegafur) versus six-cycle CMF (cyclophosphamide / methotrexate / 5fluorouracil) in high-risk-node-negative breast cancer patients Jpn J Clin Oncol 28 77–80 Occurrence Handle9491146 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c7ltFyntA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jjco/28.1.77

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. T Watanabe (1998) ArticleTitlePhase III randomized comparison of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with 2-year oral uracil / tegafur versus 6-cycle cyclophosphamide / methotrexate / 5-fluorouracil in high-risk node-negative breast cancer patients Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 42 s68–s70 Occurrence Handle9750032 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlvV2murs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s002800051082

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. T Watanabe M Sano S Takashima T Kitaya Y Tokuda M Yoshimoto et al. (2007) ArticleTitleOral uracil-tegafur (UFT) compared to classical cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/5-fluorouracil (CMF) as postoperative chemotherapy in patients with node-negative, high-risk breast cancer (BC): Results of the national surgical adjuvant study for breast cancer J Clin Oncol 25 551

    Google Scholar 

  106. H Inaji Y Park K Okamura S Mitsuyama T Saito J Koh et al. (2004) ArticleTitleA randomized controlled study comparing CMF plus TAM with UFT plus TAM as postoperative adjuvant therapy in women with node-positive breast cancer J Clin Oncol 22s 23s

    Google Scholar 

  107. H Inaji K Sakai T Oka K Ozawa Y Saito T Senoo et al. (2006) ArticleTitleA randomized controlled study comparing uracil-tegafur (UFT) + tamoxifen (UFT + TAM therapy) with cyclophosphamide + adriamycin + 5-fluorouracil (CAF therapy) for women with stage I, II, or IIIa breast cancer with four more involved nodes in the adjuvant setting Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 1423–1429 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1WjsL7N

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. F Tanaka H Wada (2006) ArticleTitleEfficacy of postoperative adjuvant therapy for resected non-small cell lung cancer. An evidence-based review Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 300–306 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjtFWhtL8%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. N Alam FA Shepherd T Winton B Graham D Johnson R Livingston et al. (2005) ArticleTitleCompliance with post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. An analysis of National Cancer Institute of Canada and intergroup trial JBR.10 and a review of the literature Lung Cancer 47 385–394 Occurrence Handle15713522 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.08.016

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. M Fukushima M Morita K Ikeda S Nagayama (2003) ArticleTitlePopulation study of expression of thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in patients with solid tumors Int J Mol Med 12 839–844 Occurrence Handle14612954 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvFansLs%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Y Basaki L Chikahisa K Aoyagi K Miyadera K Yonekura A Hashimoto et al. (2001) ArticleTitlegamma-Hydroxybutyric acid and 5-fluorouracil, metabolites of UFT, inhibit the angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor Angiogenesis 4 163–173 Occurrence Handle11911014 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xis1eruro%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1014059528046

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Y Basaki K Aoyagi L Chikahisa K Miyadera A Hashimoto K Yonekura et al. (2000) ArticleTitleUFT and its metabiolites inhibit cancer-induced angogenesis. Via a VEGF-related pathway Oncology 14 IssueIDsupplement 9 68s–71s

    Google Scholar 

  113. Tanaka F, Wada H, Fukushima M. Anti-angiogenic effect of UFT and its clinical significance in postoperative adjuvant therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Proc ASCO 21(part2);212b(abstract #2669

  114. R Munoz S Man Y Shaked CR Lee J Wong G Francia et al. (2006) ArticleTitleHighly efficacious nontoxic preclinical treatment for advanced metastatic breast cancer using combination oral UFT-cyclophosphamide metronomic chemotherapy Cancer Res 66 3386–3391 Occurrence Handle16585158 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjtVOkt7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4411

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. J Folkman K Watson D Ingiber D Hanahan (1989) ArticleTitleInduction of angiogenesis during the transition from hyperplasia to neoplasia Nature 339 58–61 Occurrence Handle2469964 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1M3jvVGntg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/339058a0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. J Folkman (1991) ArticleTitleWhat is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis-dependent? J Natl Cancer Inst 82 4–6 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jnci/82.1.4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. GN Naumov LA Akslen J Folkman (2006) ArticleTitleRole of angiogenesis in human tumor dormancy: animal models of the angiogenic switch Cell Cycle 5 1779–1787 Occurrence Handle16931911 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1Gnt7rL

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. T Fukuse T Hirata H Naiki S Hitomi H Wada (2000) ArticleTitlePrognostic significance of proliferative activity in pN2 non-small-cell lung carcinomas and their mediastinal lymph node metastases Ann Surg 232 112–118 Occurrence Handle10862203 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3czitVGjsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1097/00000658-200007000-00016

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. F Tanaka K Yanagihara Y Otake Y Kawano R Miyahara K Takenaka et al. (2004) ArticleTitlePrognostic factors in resected pathologic (p-) stage IIIA-N2, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Ann Surg Oncol 11 612–618 Occurrence Handle15150069 Occurrence Handle10.1245/ASO.2004.07.013

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. DP Carbone T Mitsudomi I Chiba S Piantadosi V Rusch JA Nowak et al. (1994) ArticleTitlep53 immunostaining positively is associated with reduced survival and imperfectly correlated with gene mutations in resected non-small cell lung cancer. A preliminary report of LCSG 871 Chest 106 377s–381s Occurrence Handle7988268 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2M%2FnvFyrsA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. M Ebina SM Steinberg JL Mulshine RI Linnoila (1994) ArticleTitleRelationship of p53 overexpression and up-regulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with the clinical course of non-small cell lung cancer Cancer Res 54 2496–2503 Occurrence Handle7909277 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2c3hsFWqsQ%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. F Tanaka Y Kawano M Li T Takata R Miyahara K Yanagihara et al. (1999) ArticleTitlePrognostic significance of apoptotic index in completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer J Clin Oncol 17 2728–2736 Occurrence Handle10561347 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FjtVSktA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. F Tanaka Y Otake K Yanagihara Y Kawano R Miyahara M Li et al. (2003) ArticleTitleCorrelation between apoptotic index and angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): comparison between CD105 and CD34 as a marker of angiogenesis Lung Cancer 39 289–296 Occurrence Handle12609567 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-5002(02)00534-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. P Macchiarini G Fontanini MJ Hardin F Squartini CA Angeletti (1992) ArticleTitleRelation of neovascularization to metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer Lancet 340 145–146 Occurrence Handle1378165 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK38zis1CltA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/0140-6736(92)93217-B

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. F Tanaka Y Otake K Yanagihara Y Kawano R Miyahara M Li et al. (2001) ArticleTitleEvaluation of angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer: comparison between anti-CD34 antibody and anti-CD105 antibody Clin Cancer Res 7 3410–3415 Occurrence Handle11705856 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXptFaisr0%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. N Tanigawa H Amaya M Hatsumura T Shimomatsuya T Horiuchi R Muraoka et al. (1996) ArticleTitleExtent of tumor vascularization correlates with prognosis and hematogenous metastasis in gastric carcinomas Cancer Res 56 2671–2676 Occurrence Handle8653715 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjtlCgu7k%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. TJ Saclarides NJ Speziale E Drab DJ Szeluga DB Rubin (1994) ArticleTitleTumor angiogenesis and rectal carcinoma Dis Colon Rectum 37 921–926 Occurrence Handle7521279 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2czlslSntg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02052599

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. N Weidner JP Semple WR Weich J Folkman (1991) ArticleTitleTumor angiogenesis correlates and metastasis — correlation in invasive breast carcinoma N Engl J Med 324 1–8 Occurrence Handle1701519 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FnsVWquw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJM199101033240101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. M Toi J Kashitani T Tominaga (1993) ArticleTitleTumor angiogenesis is an independent prognostic indicator in primary breast carcinoma Int J Cancer 55 371–374 Occurrence Handle7690738 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3szovVSjug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1002/ijc.2910550305

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. N Ferrara RS Kerbel (2005) ArticleTitleAngiogenesis as a therapeutic target Nature 438 967–974 Occurrence Handle16355214 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlSksrnI Occurrence Handle10.1038/nature04483

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. RS Kerbel (2006) ArticleTitleAntiangiogenic therapy: a universal chermosensitization strategy for cancer? Science 312 1171–1175 Occurrence Handle16728631 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkvVOiur8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1125950

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. H Hurwitz L Fehrenbacher W Novotny T Cartwright J Hainsworth W Heim et al. (2004) ArticleTitleBevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer N Engl J Med 350 2335–2342 Occurrence Handle15175435 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXks1Gjt74%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa032691

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. BJ Giantonio PJ Catalano NJ Meropol PJ O'Dwyer EP Mitchell et al. (2006) ArticleTitleHigh-dose bevacizumab improves survival when combined with FOLFOX4 in previously treated advanced colorectal cancer: results from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study E3200 J Clin Oncol 24s 1s

    Google Scholar 

  134. A Sandler R Gray MC Perry J Brahmer J Schiller A Dowlati et al. (2007) ArticleTitlePaclitaxel–carboplatin alone or with bevacizumab for non–small-cell lung cancer N Engl J Med 355 2542–2550 Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa061884

    Article  Google Scholar 

  135. KD Miller LI Chap FA Holmes MA Cobleigh PK Marcom L Fehrenbacher et al. (2005) ArticleTitleRandomized phase III trial of capecitabine compared with bevacizumab plus capecitabine in patients with previously treated metastatic breast cancer J Clin Oncol 23 792–799 Occurrence Handle15681523 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXitVKitrk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1200/JCO.2005.05.098

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. R Miyahara T Nakagawa S Ishikawa M Fukushima H Wada F Tanaka (2005) ArticleTitleUFT inhibits lung metastases in sponstaneous metastasis model of lung cancer Thorac Cardiovasc Surgeon 53 118–121 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M7ltlWlsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1055/s-2004-830361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. F Tanaka Y Otake K Yanagihara Y Kawano R Miyahara M Li et al. (2003) ArticleTitleCorrelation between apoptotic index and angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC):comparison between CD105 and CD34 as a marker of angiogenesis Lung Cancer 39 289–296 Occurrence Handle12609567 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-5002(02)00534-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. F Tanaka Y Otake K Yanagihara T Yamada R Miyahara Y Kawano et al. (2001) ArticleTitleApoptosis and p53 status predict the efficacy of postoperative administration of UFT in non-small cell lung cancer Br J Cancer 84 263–269 Occurrence Handle11161386 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXht1Wgsro%3D Occurrence Handle10.1054/bjoc.2000.1579

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. T Nakagawa F Tanaka T Tanaka K Matsuoka R Miyahara Y Otake et al. (2002) ArticleTitlePredictive value of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression in tumor tissue regarding the efficacy of post-operatively administered UFT (Tegafur + Uracil) in patients with p-stage I non-small cell lung cancer J Surg Oncol 81 87–92 Occurrence Handle12355409 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XotlGgtbc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1002/jso.10137

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. J Nakano C Huang D Liu D Masuya T Nakashima H Yokomise et al. (2006) ArticleTitleEvaluations of biomarkers associated with 5-FU sensitivity for non-small-cell lung cancer patients postoperatively treated with UFT Br J Cancer 95 607–615 Occurrence Handle16880781 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XovVWitLk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.bjc.6603297

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. T Shirasaka K Nakano T Takechi U Satake J Uchida A Fujioka et al. (1996) ArticleTitleAntitumor activity of 1 M tegafur-0.4 M 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine-1 M potassium oxonate (S-1) against human colon carcinoma orthotopically implanted into nude rats Cancer Res 56 2602–2606 Occurrence Handle8653704 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjtlCgurg%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. T Takechi K Nakano J Uchida A Mita K Toko S Takeda et al. (1997) ArticleTitleAntitumor activity and low intestinal toxicity of S-1, a new formulation of oral tegafur, in experimental tumor models in rats Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 39 205–211 Occurrence Handle8996521 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXis1ajsL4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s002800050561

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. K Tatsumi M Fukushima T Shirasaka S Fujii (1987) ArticleTitleInhibitory effects of pyrimidine, barbituric acid and pyridine derivatives on 5-fluorouracil degradation in rat liver extracts Jpn J Cancer Res 78 748–755 Occurrence Handle3114201 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlvFSntL8%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. CJ van Groeningen GJ Peters JH Schornagel H Gall P Noodhuis MJ de Vries et al. (2000) ArticleTitlePhase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of oral S-1 in patients with advanced solid tumors J Clin Oncol 18 2772–2779 Occurrence Handle10894878 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXls12hsr4%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Y Yamada T Hamaguchi M Goto K Muro Y Matsumura Y Shimada et al. (2003) ArticleTitlePlasma concentrations of 5-fluorouracil and F-beta-alanine following oral administration of S-1, a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase inhibitory fluoropyrimidine, as compared with protracted venous infustion of 5-fluorouracil Br J Cancer 89 816–820 Occurrence Handle12942110 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXms1Gku78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.bjc.6601224

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. K Furuse M Kawahara K Hasegawa S Kudoh M Takada T Sugiura et al. (2001) ArticleTitleEarly phase II study of S-1, a new oral fluoropyrimidine, for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer Int J Oncol 6 236–241 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXovVGhtrw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/PL00012111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. M Kawahara K Furuse Y Segawa Y Segawa K Yoshimori K Matsui et al. (2001) ArticleTitlePhase II study of S-1, a novel oral fluorouracil, in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer Br J Cancer 85 939–943 Occurrence Handle11592762 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXot1SktLg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.bjc.6692031

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Y Sakata A Ohtsu N Horikoshi K Sugimachi Y Mitachi T Taguchi (1998) ArticleTitleLate phase II study of novel oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer drug S-1 (1 M tegafur-0.4 M gimestat-1 M otastat potassium) in advanced gastric cancer patients Eur J Cancer 34 1715–1720 Occurrence Handle9893658 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXntlShurw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0959-8049(98)00211-1

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. A Ohtsu H Baba Y Sakata Y Mitachi N Horikoshi K Sugimachi et al. (2000) ArticleTitlePhase II study of S-1, a novel oral fluorophyrimidine derivative, in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. S-1 Cooperative Colorectal Carcinoma Study Group Br J Cancer 83 141–145 Occurrence Handle10901361 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXltl2mur8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1054/bjoc.2000.1236

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. M Sasako M Saka T Fukagawa H Katai T Sano (2006) ArticleTitleAdjuvant chemotherapy using S-1 for curatively resected gastric cancer- The nationwide clinical trial Jpn J Cancer Chemother 33 IssueIDsuppl 1 110–116 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xns1WjsL0%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan

    Fumihiro Tanaka

Authors
  1. Fumihiro Tanaka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tanaka, F. UFT (Tegafur and Uracil) as Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Solid Tumors (Carcinoma of the Lung, Stomach, Colon/Rectum, and Breast): Clinical Evidence, Mechanism of Action, and Future Direction. Surg Today 37, 923–943 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-007-3578-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-007-3578-5

Key words

Search

Navigation