Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cloning and characterization of a maize bZIP transcription factor, ZmbZIP72, confers drought and salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Planta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In plants, the bZIP (basic leucine zipper) transcription factors regulate diverse functions, including processes such as plant development and stress response. However, few have been functionally characterized in maize (Zea mays). In this study, we cloned ZmbZIP72, a bZIP transcription factor gene from maize, which had only one copy in the maize genome and harbored three introns. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of ZmbZIP72 revealed a highly conserved bZIP DNA-binding domain in its C-terminal region, and four conserved sequences distributed in N- or C-terminal region. The ZmbZIP72 gene expressed differentially in various organs of maize plants and was induced by abscisic acid, high salinity, and drought treatment in seedlings. Subcellular localization analysis in onion epidermal cells indicated that ZmbZIP72 was a nuclear protein. Transactivation assay in yeast demonstrated that ZmbZIP72 functioned as a transcriptional activator and its N terminus (amino acids 23–63) was necessary for the transactivation activity. Heterologous overexpression of ZmbZIP72 improved drought and partial salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants, as determined by physiological analyses of leaf water loss, electrolyte leakage, proline content, and survival rate under stress. In addition, the seeds of ZmbZIP72-overexpressing transgenic plants were hypersensitive to ABA and osmotic stress. Moreover, overexpression of ZmbZIP72 enhanced the expression of ABA-inducible genes such as RD29B, RAB18, and HIS1-3. These results suggest that the ZmbZIP72 protein functions as an ABA-dependent transcription factor in positive modulation of abiotic stress tolerance and may be a candidate gene with potential application in molecular breeding to enhance stress tolerance in crops.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

ABRE:

ABA responsive element

Arabidopsis :

Arabidopsis thaliana

bZIP:

Basic leucine zipper

CaMV 35S:

Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PPT:

Phosphinothricin

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative real-time PCR

RACE:

Rapid amplification of cDNA ends

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SnRK:

Sucrose non-fermenting-1 related protein kinase

UTR:

Untranslated region

WT:

Wild-type

References

  • Ascenzi R, Gantt JS (1997) A drought-stress-inducible histone gene in Arabidopsis thaliana is a member of a distinct class of plant linker histone variants. Plant Mol Biol 34:629–641

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID (1973) Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil 39:205–207

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Busk PK, Pages M (1998) Regulation of abscisic acid-induced transcription. Plant Mol Biol 37:425–435

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Century K, Reuber TL, Ratcliffe OJ (2008) Regulating the regulators: the future prospects for transcription-factor based agricultural biotechnology products. Plant Physiol 147:20–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi H, Hong J, Ha J, Kang J, Kim SY (2000) ABFs, a family of ABA-responsive element binding factors. J Biol Chem 21:1723–1730

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai X, Xu Y, Ma Q, Xu W, Wang T, Xue Y, Chong K (2007) Overexpression of an R1R2R3 MYB gene, OsMYB3R-2, increases tolerance to freezing, drought, and salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 143:1739–1751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ehlert A, Weltmeier F, Wang X, Mayer CS, Smeekens S, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Droge-Laser W (2006) Two-hybrid protein–protein interaction analysis in Arabidopsis protoplasts: establishment of a heterodimerization map of group C and group S bZIP transcription factors. Plant J 46:890–900

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finkelstein RR, Gampala SSL, Rock CD (2002) Abscisic acid signaling in seeds and seedlings. Plant Cell Suppl 14:S15–S45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foley RC, Grossman C, Ellis JG, Llewellyn DJ, Dennis ES, Peacock WJ, Singh KB (1993) Isolation of a maize bZIP protein subfamily: candidates for the ocs-element transcription factor. Plant J 3:669–679

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujii H, Chinnusamy V, Rodrigues A, Rubio S, Antoni R, Park SY, Cutler SR, Sheen J, Rodriguez PL, Zhu JK (2009) In vitro reconstitution of an abscisic acid signaling pathway. Nature 462:660–664

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita Y, Fujita M, Satoh R, Maruyama K, Parvez MM, Seki M, Hiratsu K, Ohme-Takagi M, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2005) AREB1 is a transcription activator of novel ABRE-dependent ABA signaling that enhances drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 17:3470–3488

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furihata T, Maruyama K, Fujita Y, Umezawa T, Yoshida R, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2006) Abscisic acid dependent multisite phosphorylation regulates the activity of a transcription activator AREB1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:1988–1993

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guedes Correa LG, Riano-Pachon DM, Guedes Schrago C, Vicentini dos Santos D, Mueller-Roeber B, Vincentz M (2008) The role of bZIP transcription factors in green plant evolution: adaptive features emerging from four founder genes. PLoS ONE 3:e2944

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guiltinan MJ, Marcotte WR, Quatrano RS (1990) A plant leucine zipper protein that recognizes an abscisic acid response element. Science 250:267–271

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hattori T, Totsuka M, Hobo T, Kagaya Y, Yamamoto-Toyoda A (2002) Experimentally determined sequence requirement of ACGT-containing abscisic acid response element. Plant Cell Physiol 43:136–140

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hobo T, Kowyama Y, Hattori T (1999) A bZIP factor, TRAB1, interacts with VP1 and mediates abscisic acid-induced transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:15348–15353

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hossain MA, Lee Y, Cho JI, Ahn CH, Lee SK, Jeon JS, Kang H, Lee CH, An G, Park PB (2010) The bZIP transcription factor OsABF1 is an ABA responsive element binding factor that enhances abiotic stress signaling in rice. Plant Mol Biol 72:557–566

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hsieh TH, Li CW, Su RC, Cheng CP, Sanjaya, Tsai YC, Chan MT (2010) A tomato bZIP transcription factor, SlAREB, is involved in water deficit and salt stress response. Planta 231:1459–1473

  • Hu CA, Delauney AJ, Verma DP (1992) A bifunctional enzyme (delta 1-pyrroline-5- carboxylate synthetase) catalyzes the first two steps in proline biosynthesis in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:9354–9358

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huai J, Wang M, He J, Zheng J, Dong Z, Lv H, Zhao J, Wang G (2008) Cloning and characterization of the SnRK2 gene family from Zea mays. Plant Cell Rep 27:1861–1868

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang XS, Liu JH, Chen XJ (2010) Overexpression of PtrABF gene, a bZIP transcription factor isolated from Poncirus trifoliata, enhances dehydration and drought tolerance in tobacco via scavenging ROS and modulating expression of stress-responsive genes. BMC Plant Biol 10:230

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jakoby M, Weisshaar B, Dröge-Laser W, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Tiedemann J, Kroj T, Parcy F (2002) bZIP transcription factors in Arabidopsis. Trends Plant Sci 7:106–111

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jia Z, Lian Y, Zhu Y, He J, Cao Z, Wang G (2009) Cloning and characterization of a putative transcription factor induced by abiotic stress in Zea mays. Afr J Biotechnol 8:6764–6771

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kagaya Y, Hobo T, Murata M, Ban A, Hattori T (2002) Abscisic acid-induced transcription is mediated by phosphorylation of an abscisic acid response element binding factor, TRAB1. Plant Cell 14:3177–3189

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kang JY, Choi HI, Im MY, Kim SY (2002) Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper proteins that mediate stress-responsive abscisic acid signaling. Plant Cell 14:343–357

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kasuga M, Liu Q, Miura S, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K (1999) Improving plant drought, salt, and freezing tolerance by gene transfer of a single stress-inducible transcription factor. Nat Biotechnol 17:287–291

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SY (2006) The role of ABF family bZIP class transcription factors in stress response. Physiol Plant 126:519–527

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim S, Kang J, Cho D, Park JH, Kim SY (2004) ABF2, an ABRE binding bZIP factor, is an essential component of glucose signaling and its overexpression affects multiple stress tolerance. Plant J 40:75–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchler T, Briesemeister S, Singer M, Schütze K, Keinath M, Kohlbacher O, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Teige M, Harter K, Chaban C (2010) The role of phosphorylatable serine residues in the DNA-binding domain of Arabidopsis bZIP transcription factors. Eur J Cell Biol 89:175–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi Y, Yamamoto S, Minami H, Kagaya Y, Hattori T (2004) Differential activation of the rice sucrose nonfermenting1-related protein kinase2 family by hyperosmotic stress and abscisic acid. Plant Cell 16:1163–1177

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi Y, Murata M, Minami H, Yamamoto S, Kagaya Y, Hobo T, Yamamoto A, Hattori T (2005) Abscisic acid-activated SNRK2 protein kinases function in the gene-regulation pathway of ABA signal transduction by phosphorylating ABA response element-binding factors. Plant J 44:939–949

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Tamura K, Nei M (2004) MEGA3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Brief Bioinform 5:150–163

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lescot M, Dehais P, Thijs G, Marchal K, Moreau Y, Peer YV, Rouze P, Rombauts S (2002) PlantCARE, a database of plant cis-acting regulatory elements and a portal to tools for in silico analysis of promoter sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 30:325–327

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li WJ, Liu ZZ, Shi YS, Song YC, Wang TY, Xu CW, Li Y (2010) Detection of consensus genomic region of QTLs relevant to drought-tolerance in maize by QTL meta-analysis and bioinformatics approach. Acta Agron Sin 36:1457–1467 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liao Y, Zou HF, Wei W, Hao YJ, Tian AG, Huang J, Liu YF, Zhang JS, Cheng SY (2008a) Soybean GmbZIP44, GmbZIP62 and GmbZIP78 genes function as negative regulator of ABA signaling and confer salt and freezing tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Planta 228:225–240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liao Y, Zhang JS, Chen SY, Zhang WK (2008b) Role of soybean GmbZIP132 under abscisic acid and salt stresses. J Integr Plant Biol 50:221–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCt method. Methods 25:402–408

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Molina L, Mongrand S, Chua NH (2001) A postgermination developmental arrest checkpoint is mediated by abscisic acid and requires the ABI5 transcription factor in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:4782–4787

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu G, Gao C, Zhong X, Han B (2009) Identification of OsbZIP72 as a positive regulator of ABA response and drought tolerance in rice. Planta 229:605–615

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mundy J, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Chua NH (1990) Nuclear proteins bind conserved elements in the abscisic acid-responsive promoter of a rice rab gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:1406–1410

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15:473–497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakashima K, Ito Y, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2009) Transcriptional regulatory networks in response to abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis and grasses. Plant Physiol 149:88–95

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narusaka Y, Nakashima K, Shinwari ZK, Sakuma Y, Furihata T, Abe H, Narusaka M, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2003) Interaction between two cis-acting elements, ABRE and DRE, in ABA-dependent expression of Arabidopsis rd29A gene in response to dehydration and high-salinity stresses. Plant J 34:137–148

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nieva C, Busk PK, Dominguez-Puigjaner E, Lunbreras V, Testillano PS, Risueno MC, Pages M (2005) Isolation and functional characterisation of two new bZIP maize regulators of the ABA responsive gene rab28. Plant Mol Biol 58:899–914

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nijhawan A, Jain M, Tyagi AK, Khurana JP (2008) Genomic survey and gene expression analysis of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family in rice. Plant Physiol 146:333–350

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oh SJ, Song SI, Kim YS, Jang HJ, Kim SY, Kim M, Kim YK, Nahm BH, Kim JK (2005) Arabidopsis CBF3/DREB1A and ABF3 in transgenic rice increased tolerance to abiotic stress without stunting growth. Plant Physiol 138:341–351

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Page RD (1996) TreeView: an application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. Comput Appl Biosci 12:357–358

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peng Y, Zhang J, Cao G, Xie Y, Liu X, Lu M, Wang G (2010) Overexpression of a PLDα1 gene from Setaria italica enhances the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to abscisic acid and improves its drought tolerance. Plant Cell Rep 29:793–802

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qin F, Kakimoto M, Sakuma Y, Maruyama K, Osakabe Y, Tran LSP, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2007) Regulation and functional analysis of ZmDREB2A in response to drought and heat stresses in Zea mays L. Plant J 50:54–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schnable PS, Ware D, Fulton RS, Stein JC, Wei F et al (2009) The B73 maize genome: complexity, diversity and dynamics. Science 326:1112–1115

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (1997) Gene expression and signal transduction in water-stress response. Plant Physiol 115:327–334

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uno Y, Furihata T, Abe H, Yoshida R, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2000) Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors involved in an abscisic acid-dependent signal transduction pathway under drought and high-salinity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:11632–11637

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanjildorj E, Bae TW, Riu KZ, Kim SY, Lee HY (2005) Overexpression of Arabidopsis ABF3 gene enhances tolerance to drought and cold in transgenic lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Plant Cell Tissue Org 83:41–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verbruggen N, Hermans C (2008) Proline accumulation in plants: a review. Amino Acids 35:753–759

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wasilewska A, Vlad F, Sirichandra C, Redko Y, Jammes F, Valon C, Frey NF, Leung J (2008) An update on abscisic acid signaling in plants and more. Mol Plant 1:198–217

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiang Y, Tang N, Du H, Ye H, Xiong L (2008) Characterization of OsbZIP23 as a key player of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family for conferring abscisic acid sensitivity and salinity and drought tolerance in rice. Plant Physiol 148:1938–1952

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiong L, Schumaker KS, Zhu JK (2002) Cell signaling during cold, drought, and salt stress. Plant Cell Suppl 14:S165–S183

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K (2006) Transcriptional regulatory networks in cellular responses and tolerance to dehydration and cold stresses. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:781–803

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ying S, Zhang DF, Liu YH, Li HY, Shi YS, Song YC, Wang TY, Li Y (2011) Cloning and characterization of a maize SnRK2 protein kinase gene confers enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Rep. doi:10.1007/s00299-011-1077-z

  • Yoshiba Y, Nanjo T, Miura S, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K (1999) Stress-responsive and developmental regulation of ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase 1 (P5CS1) gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 261:766–772

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida T, Fujita Y, Sayama H, Kidokoro S, Maruyama K, Mizoi J, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2010) AREB1, AREB2, and ABF3 are master transcription factors that cooperatively regulate ABRE-dependent ABA signaling involved in drought stress tolerance and require ABA for full activation. Plant J 61:672–685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Henriques R, Lin SS, Niu QW, Chua NH (2006) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana using the floral dip method. Nat Protoc 1:641–646

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Wollenweber B, Jiang D, Liu F, Zhao J (2008) Water deficits and heat shock effects on photosynthesis of a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana constitutively expressing ABP9, a bZIP transcription factor. J Exp Bot 59:839–848

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Wang L, Meng H, Wen H, Fan Y, Zhao J (2011) Maize ABP9 enhances tolerance to multiple stresses in transgenic Arabidopsis by modulating ABA signaling and cellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Plant Mol Biol 75:365–378

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu JK (2002) Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 53:247–273

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zou M, Guan Y, Ren H, Zhang F, Chen F (2008) A bZIP transcription factor, OsABI5, is involved in rice fertility and stress tolerance. Plant Mol Biol 66:675–683

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Feng Qin (Institute of Botany, CAS) for critical reading on the manuscript. This work was partly supported by grants provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2009CB118401, 2011CB100100) and China Natural Science Foundation (30730063).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China

    Sheng Ying, Deng-Feng Zhang, Jing Fu, Yun-Su Shi, Yan-Chun Song, Tian-Yu Wang & Yu Li

  2. College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China

    Sheng Ying & Jing Fu

Authors
  1. Sheng Ying
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Deng-Feng Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jing Fu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yun-Su Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yan-Chun Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tian-Yu Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yu Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Tian-Yu Wang or Yu Li.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

425_2011_1496_MOESM1_ESM.doc

Expression analysis of ZmbZIP72 in transgenic lines. qRT-PCR analysis of ZmbZIP72 expression in WT and transgenic lines TL5-2, TL6-1, TL11-3 and TL12-3. The transcript level of ZmbZIP72 in TL11-3 was used as the calibrator. The Arabidopsis actin gene (NM_112764) was used as the internal control for normalization. Error bars indicate SD (n = 4) (DOC 23 kb)

425_2011_1496_MOESM2_ESM.doc

Phenotype of ZmbZIP72-overexpressed transgenic Arabidopsis plants under normal growth conditions. a Morphological comparisons of 2-week-old plants of WT and ZmbZIP72-overexpressed transgenic plants under normal growth conditions. b The plant height of WT and ZmbZIP72-overexpressed transgenic plants as described in a. Error bars indicate SD (n = 8) (DOC 137 kb)

425_2011_1496_MOESM3_ESM.doc

Free proline content in plants. Relative content of proline in 2-week-old transgenic seedlings. Error bars indicate SD (n = 6). * indicates significant difference from WT at P < 0.05 by student’s t-test (DOC 49 kb)

425_2011_1496_MOESM4_ESM.doc

Salt-stress tolerance of WT and ZmbZIP72-overexpressed Arabidopsis seedlings. Two-week-old seedlings grown in soil were treated with 300 mM NaCl solution for 2 weeks, and then recovered for 7 days (DOC 130 kb)

Supplementary material 5 (DOC 57 kb)

Supplementary material 6 (DOC 29 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ying, S., Zhang, DF., Fu, J. et al. Cloning and characterization of a maize bZIP transcription factor, ZmbZIP72, confers drought and salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis . Planta 235, 253–266 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1496-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1496-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation