Abstract
We introduce the notion of regular (boundary) poles for infinitesimal generators of semigroups of holomorphic self-maps of the unit disc. We characterize such regular poles in terms of β-points (i.e., pre-images of values with positive Carleson–Makarov β-numbers) of the associated semigroup and of the associated Königs intertwining function. We also define a natural duality operation in the cone of infinitesimal generators and show that the regular poles of an infinitesimal generator correspond to the regular null poles of the dual generator. Finally we apply such a construction to study radial multi-slits and give an example of a nonisolated radial slit whose tip does not have not a positive Carleson–Makarov β-number.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abate, M.: Iteration Theory of Holomorphic Maps on Taut Manifolds. Mediterranean Press, Rende (1989)
Berkson, E., Porta, H.: Semigroups of holomorphic functions and composition operators. Michigan Math. J. 25, 101–115 (1978)
Bertilsson, D.: On Brennan’s conjecture in conformal mapping. PhD Dissertation, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm (1999)
Bracci, F., Contreras, M.D., Díaz-Madrigal, S.: Pluripotential theory, semigroups and boundary behavior of infinitesimal generators in strongly convex domains. J. Eur. Math. Soc. 12(1), 23–53 (2010)
Bracci, F., Contreras, M.D., Díaz-Madrigal, S.: Evolution families and the Loewner equation I: the unit disc. J. Reine Angew. Math. 672, 1–37 (2012)
Brennan, J.E.: The integrability of the derivative in conformal mapping. J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 18(2), 261–272 (1978)
Carleson, L., Makarov, N.G.: Some results connected with Brennan’s conjecture. Ark. Mat. 32(1), 33–62 (1994)
Contreras, M.D., Díaz-Madrigal, S.: Analytic flows on the unit disk: angular derivatives and boundary fixed points. Pac. J. Math. 222(2), 253–286 (2005)
Contreras, M.D., Díaz-Madrigal, S., Pommerenke, Ch.: Fixed points and boundary behaviour of the Koenings function. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A 1 Math. 29, 471–488 (2004)
Contreras, M.D., Díaz-Madrigal, S., Pommerenke, Ch.: On boundary critical points for semigroups of analytic functions. Math. Scand. 98(1), 125–142 (2006)
Cowen, C.C., MacCluer, B.D.: Composition Operators on Spaces of Analytic Functions. Studies in Advanced Mathematics. CRC Press, Boca Raton (1995)
Cowen, C.C., Pommerenke, Ch.: Inequalities for the angular derivative of an analytic function in the unit disk. J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 26, 271–289 (1982)
Elin, M., Shoikhet, D.: Semigroups of holomorphic mappings with boundary fixed points and spirallike mappings. In: Geometric Function Theory in Several Complex Variables, pp. 82–117. World Scientific, River Edge (2004)
Elin, M., Shoikhet, D., Tarkhanov, N.: Separation of boundary singularities for holomorphic generators. Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 190(4), 595–618 (2011)
Elin, M., Shoikhet, D., Zalcman, L.: A flower structure of backward flow invariant domains for semigroups. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A 1 Math. 33(1), 3–34 (2008)
Heins, M.: Semigroups of holomorphic maps of a Riemann surface into itself which are homomorphs of the set of positive reals considered additively. In: E.B. Christoffel The Influence of His Work on Mathematics and the Physical Sciences, Aachen/Monschau, 1979, pp. 314–331. Birkhäuser, Basel (1981)
Peschl, E.: Zur Theorie der schlichten Funktionen. J. Reine Angew. Math. 176, 61–94 (1936)
Pommerenke, Ch.: Univalent Functions. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen (1975)
Pommerenke, Ch.: Boundary Behaviour of Conformal Mappings. Springer, Berlin (1992)
Shoikhet, D.: Semigroups in Geometrical Function Theory. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht (2001)
Siskakis, A.G.: Semigroups of composition operators and the Cesàro operator on H p(D). PhD Thesis, University of Illinois (1985)
Acknowledgements
This research was partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the European Union (FEDER), project MTM2009-14694-C02-02, by the ESF Networking Programme “Harmonic and Complex Analysis and its Applications”, by La Consejería de Ecónomía, Innovación y Ciencia de la Junta de Andalucía (research group FQM-133) and by the ERC grant “HEVO—Holomorphic Evolution Equations” No. 277691.
This work started while the first and third named authors were visiting the Mittag-Leffler Institute, during the program “Complex Analysis and Integrable Systems” in Fall 2011, and it was completed while the first named author was visiting the Departamento de Matemática Aplicada II in Seville. The authors thank both the Mittag-Leffler Institute and the University of Seville for the kind hospitality and the atmosphere experienced there. The authors want to thank the referee for his/her comments and remarks which improved the original manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by Stephan Ruscheweyh.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bracci, F., Contreras, M.D. & Díaz-Madrigal, S. Regular Poles and β-Numbers in the Theory of Holomorphic Semigroups. Constr Approx 37, 357–381 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-013-9180-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-013-9180-8
Keywords
- Infinitesimal generators
- Boundary regular fixed points
- Regular poles
- β-numbers
- Non-conformal points
- Multi-slits