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Propagation of photoinduced signals with the cytoplasmic flow along Characean internodes: evidence from changes in chloroplast fluorescence and surface pH

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Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests that cytoplasmic streaming can regulate the plasma-membrane H+ transport and photosynthetic electron flow. Microfluorometric and surface pH measurements on Chara corallina internodes revealed the transmission of photoinduced signals by the cytoplasmic flow for a distance of few millimeters from the site of stimulus application. When a 30-s pulse of bright light was locally applied, the downstream cell regions responded with either release or enhancement of non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence, depending on the background irradiance of the analyzed cell area. Under dim background irradiance (<20 μmol m−2 s−1), the arrival of the distant signal from the brightly illuminated 400-μm-wide zone elevated the maximal fluorescence F ′m in the analyzed downstream area, whereas at higher background irradiances it induced strong quenching of F ′m . At intermediate irradiances the increase and decrease in F ′m appeared as two successive waves. The transition between the F ′m responses of opposite polarities occurred at a narrow threshold range of irradiances. This indicates that inevitable slight variations in irradiance at the bottom chloroplast layer combined with the cyclosis-transmitted signals may contribute to the formation of a photosynthetic activity pattern. The rapid cyclosis-mediated release of non-photochemical quenching, unlike the delayed response of opposite polarity, was associated with opening of H+ (OH−)-conducting plasma membrane channels, as evidenced by the concurrent alkaline pH shift on the cell surface. It is proposed that the initial increase in F ′m after application of a distant photostimulus is determined, among other factors, by the wave of alkaline cytoplasmic pH.

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Abbreviations

AOI:

Area of inspection

F ′m :

The maximum chlorophyll fluorescence induced by saturating light pulse under actinic light

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

PFD:

Photon flux density

PSII:

Photosystem II

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 10-04-00968-a).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    Alexander A. Bulychev, Anna V. Alova & Andrey B. Rubin

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  1. Alexander A. Bulychev
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  2. Anna V. Alova
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  3. Andrey B. Rubin
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Correspondence to Alexander A. Bulychev.

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Bulychev, A.A., Alova, A.V. & Rubin, A.B. Propagation of photoinduced signals with the cytoplasmic flow along Characean internodes: evidence from changes in chloroplast fluorescence and surface pH. Eur Biophys J 42, 441–453 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-013-0895-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-013-0895-z

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