Abstract
General principles of 3D reconstruction are composed of two steps. Firstly, the captured successive 2D image slices are arranged precisely with real spatial positions, resulting in volumetric data. This will be followed by ray casted volume rendering techniques, hybrid with semi-auto 3D segmentation and interactive virtual slider for 3D NT measurements. The methodology entails the composite function to visualize the explicit internal marker structure. 3D image diffusion is utilized as preprocessing technique before segmentation, 3D seeded growing is utilized to segment the 3D NT structure followed by its interactive measurement. Details of numerical measurement analysis shall be discussed in Chap. 4. This chapter describes the experimental design and implementation which includes research materials, data sources acquisitions and manipulation, 3D reconstruction and scanning techniques, volume rendering visualization techniques, 3D image preprocessing diffusion, semi-automated 3D segmentation designs, virtual extraction, hybrid visualization and interactive measurements.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Abuhamad, A. (2005). Technical aspects of nuchal translucency measurement. Seminars in Perinatology, 29(6), 376–379.
Altmann, K., Shen, Z. Q., Boxt, L. M., King, D. L., Gersony, W. M., Allan, L. D., et al. (1997). Comparison of three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of volume, mass, and function in children with functionally single left ventricles with two-dimensional echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging. American Journal of Cardiology, 80(8), 1060–1065.
Bekker, M. N., Twisk, J. W. R., & van Vugt, J. M. G. (2004). Reproducibility of the fetal nasal bone length measurement. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 23(12), 1613–1618.
Berg, S., Torp, H., Martens, D., Steen, E., Samstad, S., Hoivik, I., et al. (1999). Dynamic three-dimensional freehand echocardiography using raw digital ultrasound data. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 25(5), 745–753.
Chen, M., Yang, X., Wang, H. F., Leung, T. Y., Borenstein, M., Nicolaides, K., et al. (2010). Learning curve in measurement of fetal frontomaxillary facial angle at 11–13 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 35(5), 530–534.
Fenster, A., & Downey, D. B. (1996). 3-D ultrasound imaging: A review. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 15(6), 41–51.
Fenster, A., & Downey, D. B. (2000). Three-dimensional ultrasound. Imaging, 2, 457–475.
Thomas, F. (1994). Raycasting of nonregularly structured volume data. Computer Graphics Forum, 13(3), 293–303.
Gee, A., Prager, R., Treece, G., & Berman, L. (2003). Engineering a freehand 3d ultrasound system. Pattern Recognition Letters, 24(4–5), 757–777.
Gee, A., Prager, R., Treece, G., Cash, C., & Berman, L. (2004). Processing and visualizing three-dimensional ultrasound data. British Journal of Radiology, 77, S186–S193.
Gee, A. H., Housden, R. J., Hassenpflug, P., Treece, G. M., & Prager, R. W. (2006). Sensorless freehand 3d ultrasound in real tissue: speckle decorrelation without fully developed speckle. Medical Image Analysis, 10(2), 137–149.
Gobbi, D. G., & Peters, T. M. (2002). Interactive intra-operative 3d ultrasound reconstruction and visualization. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2002. 5th International Conference. Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 2489): 156-163163.
Gobbi, D. G., Comeau, R. M., & Peters, T. M. (1999). Ultrasound probe tracking for real-time ultrasound/MRI overlay and visualization of brain shift. In C. Taylor & A. Colchester (Eds.), Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention, Miccai’99, Proceedings (Vol. 1679, pp. 920–927). Berlin: Springer.
Gobbi, D. G., Comeau, R. M., & Peters, T. M. (2000). Ultrasound/MRI overlay with image warping for neurosurgery. In S. Delp, A. M. DiGioia, & B. Jaramaz (Eds.), Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention—Miccai 2000 (Vol. 1935, pp. 106–114). Berlin: Springer.
Min, K.-J., & Myoung, K.-H. (2007). Image enhancing technique for high-quality visual simulation of fetal ultrasound volumes. Systems Modeling and Simulation, 337–341
King, D. L., Gopal, A. S., Keller, A. M., Sapin, P. M., & Schroder, K. M. (1994). 3-Dimensional echocardiography—advances for measurement of ventricular volume and mass. Hypertension, 23(1), I172–I179.
Laporte, C., & Arbel, T. (2010). Measurement selection in untracked freehand 3D Ultrasound. Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention: MICCAI. International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (13(Pt 1), pp. 127–134).
Lee, Y.-B., Kim, M.-J., & Kim, M.-H. (2007). Robust Border Enhancement And Detection For Measurement Of Fetal Nuchal Translucency In Ultrasound Images. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 45(11), 1143–1152.
Managuli, R., Karadayi, K., Canxing, X., & Yongmin, K. (2009). Volume rendering algorithms for three-dimensional ultrasound imaging: image quality and real-time performance analysis. IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, 2009, 2324–23272327.
Meairs, S., Beyer, J., & Hennerici, M. (2000). Reconstruction and visualization of irregularly sampled three- and four-dimensional ultrasound data for cerebrovascular applications. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 26(2), 263–272.
Nelson, T. R., & Pretorius, D. H. (1998). Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 24(9), 1243–1270.
Ohbuchi, R., & Fuchs, H. (1991). Incremental volume rendering algorithm for interactive 3d-ultrasound imaging. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 511, 486–500.
Perona, P., & Malik, J. (1990). Scale-space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(7), 629–639.
Rohling, R., Gee, A., & Berman, L. (1999). A comparison of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound reconstruction techniques. Medical Image Analysis, 3(4), 339–359.
Tong, S., Downey, D. B., Cardinal, H. N., & Fenster, A. (1996). A three-dimensional ultrasound prostate imaging system. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 22(6), 735–746.
Trobaugh, J. W., Trobaugh, D. J., & Richard, W. D. (1994). 3-Dimensional imaging with stereotaxic ultrasonography. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 18(5), 315–323.
Wee, L. K., Chai, H. Y., & Supriyanto, E. (2011). Surface rendering of three dimensional ultrasound images using Vtk. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 70(6), 421–426.
Yu, Y., & Acton, S. T. (2002). Speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 11(11), 1260–1270.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lai, K.W., Supriyanto, E. (2013). Designs and Implementation of Three Dimensional Nuchal Translucency. In: Detection of Fetal Abnormalities Based on Three Dimensional Nuchal Translucency. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4021-96-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4021-96-8_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-4021-95-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-4021-96-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)