Skip to main content

Strategic Planning as a Field of Practices

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Making Strategies in Spatial Planning

Part of the book series: Urban and Landscape Perspectives ((URBANLAND,volume 9))

Abstract

Beyond the appearance the dominant conception of strategic planning is still rooted in the rational comprehensive paradigm of planning. We have added sophistication, i.e., the consideration of the plurality of actors as a constitutive character of the process, the need to construct consensus among different subjects, the selectivity and the attention towards implementation. But the idea is still that of defining objectives and trying to design a set of actions which allow to pursue them.

The chapter presents a different approach in the experiment conducted in Milan. We did not have a strong power to support the plan. Somehow we have been forced to adopt a much less linear approach, characterised by an indirect connection between a structure of argumentation which indicates a direction and a possible evolution of the current situation and a set of actions at different levels. This approach can define strategic planning as a field of practices rather than as a coherent sequence of coordinated actions. The main question is the following: is this way of conceptualising strategic planning just the result of a series of specific circumstances, or is this a promising approach which could be more effective in coping with situations where power is fragmented and strong leadership non-existent - an approach fostering innovation and change?

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Albrechts, L. (2001). From traditional land use planning to strategic spatial planning: The case of Flanders. In L. Albrechts, J. Alden, & A. da Rosa Pires (Eds.), The changing institutional landscape of planning (pp. 83–108). Aldershot: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrechts, L. (2004). Strategic (spatial) planning re-examined. Environment and Planning B, 31(5), 743–754.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albrechts, L., & van den Broeck, J. (2004). From discourses to acts: The case of the ROM-project in Ghent, Belgium. Town Planning Review, 75(2), 127–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albrechts, L., van den Broeck, J., Verachtert, K., Leroy, P., & van Tatenhove, J. (1999). Geïntegreerd Gebiedsgericht Beleid: een Methodiek. Research report by KU-Leuven and KUNijmegen en AMINAL, Ministry of the Flemish Community.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amin, A., & Thrift, N. (2001). Cities. Reinventing the urban. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ave, G. (2005). Play it Again Turin. Analisi del Piano Strategico di Torino come Strumento di Pianificazione della Rigenerazione Urbana. In F. Martinelli (Ed.), La Pianificazione Strategica in Italia e in Europa. Metodologie ed Esiti a Confronto (pp. 35–67). Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balducci, A. (2003). Policies, plans and projects. Governing the city-region of Milan. DISP, 152(1), pp. 59–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balducci, A. (2004). Milano dopo la Metropoli. Ipotesi per la Costruzione di un’Agenda Pubblica. Territorio, 29–30, 9–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonomi, A., & Abruzzese, A. (eds). (2004). La Città Infinita. Milano: Mondadori.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, J. M. (1988). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organisations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, J. M., & Roering, W. D. (1987). Applying private-sector strategic planning in the public sector. Journal of the American Planning Association, 53(1), 9–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dematteis, G. (2006). La Città Creativa: un Sistema Territoriale Irragionevole. In G. Amato, G. Varaldo, & M. Lazzeroni (Eds.), La Città nell’Era della Conoscenza e dell’Innovazione (pp. 107–119). Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dente, B. (2007). Valutare il Piano Strategico o Valutare il Governo Urbano? In T. Pugliese (Ed.), Monitoraggio e Valutazione dei Piani Strategici. Pianificazione Strategica. Istruzioni per l’Uso. Quaderno 1, pp. 5–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edelman, M. (1985). The symbolic uses of politics. Urbana, IL and Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fedeli, V., & Gastaldi, F. (Eds.). (2004). Pratiche Strategiche di Pianificazione: Riflessioni a Partire da Nuovi Spazi Urbani in Costruzione. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friend, J., & Hickling, A. (1987). Planning under pressure the strategic choice approach. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, P., & Pain, K. (2006). The polycentric metropolis. Learning from mega-city regions in Europe. London: Earthscan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hambleton, R. (2007). New leadership for democratic urban space. In R. Hambleton & J. S. Gross (Eds.), Governing cities in a global Era (pp. 163–177). New York: Palgrave.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Healey. (1997). An institutional approach to spatial planning. In P. Healey, A. Khakee, A. Motte, & B. Needham (Eds.), Making strategic spatial plans. Innovation in Europe (pp. 21–29). London: UCL Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Healey, P. (1998). Building institutional capacity through collaborative approaches to urban planning. Environment and Planning A, 30(9), 1531–1546.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Healey, P. (2004). Creativity and urban governance. Policy Studies, 25(2), 87–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Healey, P. (2007). Urban complexity and spatial strategies: Towards a relational planning for our times. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillier, J. (2005). Straddling the post-structuralist abyss: Between transcendence and immanence? Planning Theory, 4(3), 271–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hillier, J. (2007). Stretching beyond the horizon. A multiplanar theory of spatial planning and governance. Ashgate: Aldershot.

    Google Scholar 

  • Innes, J., & Gruber, J. (2005). Planning styles in conflict. Journal of the American Planning Association, 71(2), 177–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Innes, J., Gruber, J., Neuman, M., & Thompson, R. (1994). Coordinating growth and environmental management through consensus building. Policy Research Program Report, University of California, Berkeley, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jullien, F. (2004). A treatise of efficacy: Between western and Chinese thinking. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunzmann, R. K. (2004). An agenda for creative governance in city regions. DISP, 158(3), 5–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanzani, A. (1991). Il Territorio al Plurale. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindblom, C. E. (1975). The sociology of planning: Thought and social interaction. In M. Bornstein (Ed.), Economic planning east and west (pp. 23–60). Cambridge: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindblom, C. E. (1990). Inquiry and change: The troubled attempt to understand and shape society. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Majone, G. (1989). Evidence, argument and persuasion in the policy process. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development). (2006). OECD territorial reviews: Milan, Italy. OECD Policy Briefs, Paris, pp. 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perulli, P. (2007). Una Griglia Metodologica per l’Inquadramento dei Piani Strategici. In T. Pugliese (Ed.), Monitoraggio e Valutazione dei Piani Strategici, Pianificazione Strategica. Istruzioni per l’Uso. Quaderno 1, pp. 27–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Provincia di Milano, Politecnico di Milano-DiAP. (2006). Città di Città. Un Progetto Strategico per la Regione Urbana Milanese. Progetto Strategico Città di Città, Milano. Retrieved 04/02/2009, from http://www.cittadicitta.it

  • Provincia di Milano, Politecnico di Milano-DiAP. (2007a). 10+32+217 Progetti e Azioni per l’Abitabilità: il Bando di Città di Città. Progetto Strategico Città di Città, Milano. Retrieved 04/02/2009, from http://www.cittadicitta.it

  • Provincia di Milano, Politecnico di Milano-DiAP. (2007b). 6 Progetti Pilota per l’Abitabilità Promossi dalla Provincia di Milano. Progetto strategico Città di Città, Milano. Retrieved 04/02/2009, from http://www.cittadicitta.it

  • Provincia di Milano, Politecnico di Milano-DiAP. (2007c). Atlante dei Progetti e delle Azioni per l’Abitabilità della Provincia di Milano. Progetto Strategico Città di Città, Milano. Retrieved 04/02/2009, from http://www.cittadicitta.it

  • Provincia di Milano, Politecnico di Milano-DiAP. (2007d). Per la Città Abitabile: Scenari, Visioni, Idee. Progetto Strategico Città di Città, Milano Retrieved 04/02/2009, from http://www.cittadicitta.it

  • Secchi, B. (2003). Urban scenarios and policies. In N. Portas (Ed.), Politicas, Estratégias e Oportunitades (pp. 275–283). Lisboa: Fondaçao Calouste Gulbenkian.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strachan, H., & Herberg-Rothe, A. (2007). Clausewitz in the twenty-first century. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • van den Broeck, J. (1987). Structuurplanning in de Praktijk: Werken op Drie Sporen [Structure Planning in Practice: Working on Three Tracks]. Ruimtelijke Planning, 19(II.A.2.c), pp. 53–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Broeck, J. (2001). Informal arenas and policy agreements changing institutional capacity. Paper of the First World Planning School Congress, Shanghai.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alessandro Balducci .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Balducci, A. (2010). Strategic Planning as a Field of Practices. In: Cerreta, M., Concilio, G., Monno, V. (eds) Making Strategies in Spatial Planning. Urban and Landscape Perspectives, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3106-8_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics