Abstract
Mongolian herders who reside far from urban areas have difficulty in selling their dairy products because of high transportation costs, which results in an increase in their dependency on cashmere for their income. This chapter analyzes the advantages and disadvantages brought by the distances from urban markets in the production of dairy products in northern Mongolia, based on which income-generating opportunities from dairy products for the herders who reside far from urban markets are examined. Most of the discussion in this chapter is based on empirical evidence gained though what has been learned, witnessed, and experienced through running of a model semi-intensive small-scale dairy farm in Sant Sum, Selenge province.
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- 1.
The concept of “distance” in this chapter applies not only to physical distance but also to the level of transport costs and the amount of extra time incurred by poor road conditions.
- 2.
Sant Sum is located at approximately 350 km to the north of Ulaanbaatar, and 100 km from both Darkhan and Erdenet, the second and third largest cities in Mongolia. Because the Sum is 15 km on a rough road distant from the main road, transport costs are high.
- 3.
Artificial insemination is applied at 99% of dairy farms in Japan.
- 4.
Alternatively, it is also possible to artificially induce heat by an ovulation inducer drug.
- 5.
As of summer 2009, the price of a pack of hay (25 kg) was 1,300 Togrog (0.9 USD) in Sant Sum and 2,000 Togrog (1.4 USD) in Ulaanbaatar.
- 6.
Although there is a variety of traditional cheese in Mongolia, their fermentation periods are mostly short and their water content is low compared to European-type cheese.
- 7.
As fermentation does not take place at low temperature, cheese can only be produced in the summertime in Mongolia.
Reference
Komiyama H (2006) Economic analysis of settled and semi-settled animal husbandry in Mongolia: a focus on dairy farming. Dissertation, Tokyo International University
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© 2013 Springer Japan
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Mori, S. (2013). Marketability of Dairy Products in Relation to Distance in Northern Mongolia. In: Yamamura, N., Fujita, N., Maekawa, A. (eds) The Mongolian Ecosystem Network. Ecological Research Monographs. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54052-6_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54052-6_18
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