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Cerebral Hemorrhage, Brain Edema, and Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

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Brain Edema XV

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 118))

Abstract

Intracranial bleeding is a common and serious consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In the present study, we investigated cerebral hematoma occurrence, brain edema formation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression after TBI. Moderate severity (1.8–2.2 atmospheres [ATM]) TBI was induced by lateral fluid percussion in male adult Sprague–Dawley rats. Sham rats underwent only a craniotomy. Rats were euthanized 24 h later for brain histology and immunoblotting analysis. We found TBI-induced cerebral hematomas and iron deposition in the ipsilateral hemisphere in all rats. TBI also caused marked BBB disruption (p < 0.05) and brain swelling (p < 0.05). HO-1, a key enzyme for heme degradation, was upregulated significantly after TBI (419 ± 89 vs 194 ± 59 pixels in the sham, p < 0.05). These results suggest that cerebral hematomas might play a role in brain injury after TBI. Future studies should determine the role of iron released from the cerebral hematoma in TBI.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants NS-017760, NS-039866, and NS-057539 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and 0840016 N from the American Heart Association (AHA). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH and AHA.

Conflict of InterestWe declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, R5018 Biomedical Science Research Building, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA

    Shuichi Okubo, Guohua Xi MD, Richard F. Keep, Karin M. Muraszko & Ya Hua MD

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa, Japan

    Shuichi Okubo

Authors
  1. Shuichi Okubo
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  2. Guohua Xi MD
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  3. Richard F. Keep
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  4. Karin M. Muraszko
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  5. Ya Hua MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ya Hua MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Neurological Surgery, Nihon University, Oyaguchikami-machi 30-1, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan

    Yoichi Katayama

  2. School of Medicine, Departments of Neurological Surgery and, Nihon University, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan

    Takeshi Maeda

  3. , Department of Clinical Laboratory, Namegata District General Hospital, 98-8 Inouefujii, Namegata 98-8, Ibaraki, 311-3516, Japan

    Toshihiko Kuroiwa

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien

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Okubo, S., Xi, G., Keep, R.F., Muraszko, K.M., Hua, Y. (2013). Cerebral Hemorrhage, Brain Edema, and Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. In: Katayama, Y., Maeda, T., Kuroiwa, T. (eds) Brain Edema XV. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 118. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6_14

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-1433-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-1434-6

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