A Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimizer Enhanced with a Differential Evolution Scheme

Abstract

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolution (DE) are meta-heuristics which have been found to be very successful in a wide variety of optimization tasks. The high convergence rate of PSO and the exploratory capabilities of DE make them highly viable candidates to be used for solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs). In previous studies that we have undertaken [2], we have observed that PSO has the ability to launch particles in the direction of a leader (i.e., a non-dominated solution) with a high selection pressure. However, this high selection pressure tends to move the swarm rapidly towards local optima. DE, on the other hand, seems to move solutions at smaller steps, yielding solutions close to their parents while exploring the search space at the same time. In this paper, we present a multi-objective particle swarm optimizer enhanced with a differential evolution scheme which aims to maintain diversity in the swarm while moving at a relatively fast rate. The goal is to avoid premature convergence without sacrificing much the convergence rate of the algorithm. In order to design our hybrid approach, we performed a series of experiments using the ZDT test suite. In the final part of the paper, our proposed approach is compared (using 2000, 3500, and 5000 objective function evaluations) with respect to four state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, obtaining very competitive results.