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Electric Field and Current Effects on Sintering

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Sintering

Part of the book series: Engineering Materials ((ENG.MAT.,volume 35))

Abstract

The goal of consolidating powders to achieve high densities at lower temperatures and with a small grain size has motivated considerable efforts in the search for methods to activate the sintering process. Enhancement of the consolidation process has been attempted through various approaches including mechanical activation of the powders, the addition of sintering aids, and the use of electromagnetic fields. The latter approach has received considerable attention in recent years, largely due to the widespread use of devices utilizing current and pressure to consolidate powders. The Spark Plasma Sintering method (also known by other names) has seen a remarkable increase in its utilization over the past two decades. This was largely due to the many significant, and in some cases, unique accomplishments. In this chapter we will focus then on the role of the electric field in sintering with emphasis on recent observations, particularly those pertaining to the consolidation of nanostructured materials.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Several names have been proposed for SPS. The diversity of names comes from the limit understanding of the process mechanisms. Among the names one will find Current Activated and Pressed Assisted Densification (CAPAD), Electric Field Assisted Sintering (EFAS), Pulsed Electric Current Sintering (PECS), and others. We will use SPS in this chapter as is the most accepted for historical reasons.

  2. 2.

    Effective electrical mobility is defined by the net movement in the direction of the field, disregarding the random movement of the charged specie.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Zuhair A. Munir & Dat V. Quach

  2. Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Ohtsu, Japan

    Manshi Ohyanagi

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  1. Zuhair A. Munir
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  2. Dat V. Quach
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  3. Manshi Ohyanagi
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Correspondence to Zuhair A. Munir .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Chemical Engineering and Materials Scien, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, 95616, USA

    Ricardo Castro

  2. , Dept. Chemical Engineering & Materials S, University of California, Shields Ave. 1, Davis, 95616, California, USA

    Klaus van Benthem

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Munir, Z.A., Quach, D.V., Ohyanagi, M. (2012). Electric Field and Current Effects on Sintering. In: Castro, R., van Benthem, K. (eds) Sintering. Engineering Materials, vol 35. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31009-6_7

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