Skip to main content

Infant Keratoplasty

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Corneal Disease

Abstract

Penetrating keratoplasty in infants is a very challenging management problem. Particular attention to patient selection, surgical technique, and postoperative management is required. The aim of surgery is to clear the visual axis and thereby promote functional visual development. However, visual outcomes may be poor despite a clear corneal graft secondary to associated ocular and systemic abnormalities as well as amblyopia. Early and aggressive optical correction and amblyopia therapy is therefore critical as is the prevention and management of postoperative complications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Aasuri MK, Garg P, Gokhle N et al (2000) Penetrating keratoplasty in children. Cornea 19:140–144

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Afshari NA, Duncan SM, Tanhehco TY et al (2006) Optimal size and location for corneal rotational autografts. Arch Ophthalmol 124:410–413

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Al-Ghamdi A, Al-Rajhi A, Wagoner MD (2007) Primary pediatric keratoplasty: indications, graft survival and visual outcome. JAAPOS 11:41–47

    Google Scholar 

  4. Al-Torbak AA (2004) Outcome of combined Ahmed glaucoma valve implant and penetrating keratoplasty in refractory congenital glaucoma with corneal opacity. Cornea 23:554–559

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Aquavella JV (2008) Pediatric keratoplasties: a new surgical approach. Ann Ophthalmol 40:64–67

    Google Scholar 

  6. Beauchamp GR (1979) Pediatric keratoplasty: problems in management. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 16:388–394

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Beck AD (2001) Diagnosis and management of pediatric glaucoma. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 14:501–512

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Botelho PJ, Congdon NG, Handa JT et al (2006) Keratoprosthesis in high-risk pediatric corneal transplantation: first 2 cases. Arch Ophthalmol 124:1356–1357

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bowman RJC, Cope J, Nischal KK (2004) Ocular and systemic side effects of brimonidine 0.2% eye drops in children. Eye 18:24–26

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Calhoun J (1991) Cataracts and lens anomalies in children. In: Nelson LB, Calhoun JH, Harley RD (eds) Pediatric ophthalmology. WB Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  11. Chan AS, Colby K (2008) Update on pediatric keratoplasty. Int Ophthalmol Clin 48:25–33

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Colby K (2008) Changing times for pediatric keratoplasty. JAAPOS 12:223–224

    Google Scholar 

  13. Comer RM, Sheraz MD, O’Keefe M (2001) Penetrating keratoplasty in infants. JAAPOS 5:285–290

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cosar CB, Laibson LP, Cohen EJ et al (2003) Topical cyclosporine in pediatric keratoplasty. Eye Contact Lens 29:103–107

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Cowden JW (1990) Penetrating keratoplasty in infants and children. Ophthalmology 97:324–328

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dana MR, Moyes AL, Gomes JA et al (1995) The indications for and outcome in pediatric keratoplasty. A multicenter study. Ophthalmology 102:1129–1138

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Dana MR, Schaumberg DA, Moyes AL et al (1995) Outcome of penetrating keratoplasty after ocular trauma in children. Arch Ophthalmol 113:1503–1507

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Duncalf D, Weitzner SW (1963) Ventilation and hypercapnea on intraocular pressure during anaesthesia. Anaesthesia and Analgesia 42:232–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Erlich C, Rootman DS, Morin J (1991) Corneal transplantation in infants, children and young adults: experience of the Toronto Hospital for Sick Children. 1979–88. Can J Ophthalmol 26:206–210

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fernandez MM, Buckley EG, Afshari NA (2008) Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty in a child. JAAPOS 12:314–316

    Google Scholar 

  21. Gloor P (2005) Pediatric penetrating keratoplasty. In: Krachmer JH, Mannis MJ, Holland EJ (eds) Cornea. Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp 1591–1618

    Google Scholar 

  22. Gore SM, Vail A, Bradley VA et al (1995) HLA-DR matching in corneal transplantation. Systematic review of published evidence Corneal Tranplant Follow-up Study Collaborators. Transplantation 60:1033–1039

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Harding SA, Nischal KK, Upponi-Patil A et al (2010) Indications and outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in children. Ophthalmology 117:2191–2195

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Huang PT (2007) Penetrating keratoplasty in infants and children. JAAPOS 11:5–6

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hwang DG, Hwang PH (1991) Pediatric penetrating keratoplasty. Semin Ophthalmol 6:212–218

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Javadi MA, Baradaran-Rafli AR, Zamani M et al (2003) Penetrating keratoplasty in young children with congential hereditary endothelial dystrophy. Cornea 22:420–423

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Jeng BH, Marcotty A, Traboulsi E (2008) Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty in a 2-year-old child. JAAPOS 12:317–318

    Google Scholar 

  28. Koenig SB, Graul E, Kaufman E (1982) Ocular refraction after penetrating keratoplasty with infant donor corneas. Am J Ophthalmol 94:534–539

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Lee OA, Lenhart PD, Holland EJ (2011) Pediatric Penetrating Keratoplasty. In: Krachmer JH, Mannis MJ, Holland EJ (eds) Cornea: fundamentals, diagnosis and management, 3rd edn. Mosby, Elsevier Inc., New York, pp 1455–1472

    Google Scholar 

  30. McClellan K, Lai T, Grigg J et al (2003) Penetrating keratoplasty in children: visual and graft outcome. Br J Ophthalmol 87:1212–1214

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Murthy S, Bansal AK, Sridahr MS (2001) Ipsilateral rotational autokeratoplasty: an alternative to penetrating keratoplasty in nonprogressive central corneal scars. Cornea 20:455–457

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Nallasamy S, Colby K (2010) Keratoprosthesis: procedure of choice for corneal opacities in children? Semin Ophthalmol 25:244–248

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Nischal KK, Naor J, Jay V et al (2002) Clinicopathological correlation of congential corneal opacification using ultrasound biomicroscopy. Br J Ophthalmol 86:62–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Olson RJ, Bromberg BB, Zimmerman TJ (1979) Apneic spells associated with timolol therapy in a neonate. Am J Ophthalmol 88:120–122

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Olson RJ, Kaufman HE (1977) A mathematical description of causative factors and prevention of elevated intraocular pressure after keratoplasty. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 16:1085–1092

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ozcan MS, Praetel C, Bhatti MT et al (2004) The effect of body inclination during prone positioning on intraocular pressure in awake volunteers: a comparison of two operating tables. Anesth Analg 99:1152–1158

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Parrish CM, Faris DA, O’Day DM (1988) Mattress bridge sutures for graft fixation in pediatric keratoplasty: new use of an old technique. Ophthalmic Surg 19:795–798

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Patel HY, Ormonde S, Brookes NH et al (2005) The indications and outcome of paediatric corneal transplantation in New Zealand: 1991–2003. Br J Ophthalmol 89:404–408

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Rao SK, Lam DSC (2008) Calculating graft size and position in rotational corneal autografting: a simplified approach. Indian J Ophthalmol 56:233–235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Reidy J (2001) Penetrating keratoplasty in infancy and early childhood. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 12:258–261

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Robbins R, Blumenthal M, Galin MA (1970) Reduction of vitreous weight by ocular massage. Am J Ophthalmol 69:603–607

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Schaumberg DA, Moyes AL, Gomes JA et al (1999) Corneal transplantation in young children with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy. Multicenter Pediatric Keratoplasty Study. Am J Ophthalmol 127:373–378

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Sharma N, Prakash G, Titiyal JS et al (2007) Pediatric keratoplasty in India: indications and outcomes. Cornea 26:810–813

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Stulting RD (1993) Penetrating keratoplasty in children. In: Brightbill F (ed) Corneal surgery: theory, technique, and tissue. Mosby, St. Louis

    Google Scholar 

  45. Stulting RD, Sumers KD, Cavanagh HD et al (1984) Penetrating keratoplasty in children. Ophthalmology 91:1222–1230

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Sundaresh K, Jethani J, Vijayalakshmi P (2008) Optical iridectomy in children with corneal opacities. JAAPOS 12:163–165

    Google Scholar 

  47. The Collaborative Corneal Transplantation Studies Research Group (1992) The collaborative corneal transplantation studies (CCTS). Effectiveness of histocompatibility matching in high-risk corneal transplantation. Arch Ophthalmol 110:1392–1403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Vail A, Gore SM, Bradley BA et al (1994) Influence of donor and histocompatibility factors on corneal graft outcome. Transplantation 58:1210–1216

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Vajpayee RB, Ramu M, Panda A et al (1999) Oversized grafts in children. Ophthalmology 106:829–832

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Wagoner MD, Al-Ghamdi AH, Al-Rajhi AA (2007) Bacterial keratitis after primary pediatric penetrating keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 143:1045–1047

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Williams KA, Roder D, Esterman AEA (1992) Factors predictive of corneal graft survival: report from the Australian Corneal Graft Registry. Ophthalmology 99:403–414

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Yang LL, Lambert SR (2009) Long-term visual outcome of penetrating keratoplasty in infants and children with Peters anomaly. JAAPOS 13:175–180

    Google Scholar 

  53. Zaidman GW, Flanagan JK, Furey CC (2007) Long-term visual prognosis in children after corneal transplant surgery for Peters anomaly type 1. Am J Ophthalmol 144:104–108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of Interest

None of the authors have any financial/conflicting interests to disclose.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David S. Rootman M.D., FRCSC .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kim, P., Rootman, D.S. (2013). Infant Keratoplasty. In: Reinhard, T., Larkin, F. (eds) Corneal Disease. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28747-3_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28747-3_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-28746-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-28747-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics