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Searching and Browsing Linked Data with SWSE

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Semantic Search over the Web

Part of the book series: Data-Centric Systems and Applications ((DCSA))

Abstract

Web search engines such as Google, Yahoo! MSN/Bing, and Ask are far from the consummate Web search solution: they do not typically produce direct answers to queries but instead typically recommend a selection of related documents from the Web. We note that in more recent years, search engines have begun to provide direct answers to prose queries matching certain common templates—for example, “population of china” or “12 euro in dollars”—but again, such functionality is limited to a small subset of popular user queries. Furthermore, search engines now provide individual and focused search interfaces over images, videos, locations, news articles, books, research papers, blogs, and real-time social media—although these tools are inarguably powerful, they are limited to their respective domains.

The present chapter is an abridged version of [76].

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://swse.deri.org/

  2. 2.

    http://swoogle.umbc.edu/

  3. 3.

    http://watson.kmi.open.ac.uk/WatsonWUI/

  4. 4.

    http://sindice.com/

  5. 5.

    http://sig.ma/

  6. 6.

    http://iws.seu.edu.cn/services/falcons/

  7. 7.

    http://gopubmed.org/goweb/

  8. 8.

    2Grefers to the power set of G.

  9. 9.

    http://www.robotstxt.org/orig.html

  10. 10.

    Indeed, one advantage RDF/XML has over RDFa is an unambiguous MIME-type useful in such situations.

  11. 11.

    Admittedly, a “magic number”; however, the presence of such a factor is more important than its actual value: without the credibility factor, if the first document returned by a PLD was non-RDF/XML, then that PLD would be completely ignored for the rest of the crawl.

  12. 12.

    http://crawler.archive.org/

  13. 13.

    http://pingthesemanticweb.com/

  14. 14.

    In fact, Linked Data principles could be seen as encouraging this practice, where dereferenceable URIs must be made local.

  15. 15.

    These equivalent identifiers were found through explicit owl:sameAsrelations.

  16. 16.

    See, for example, http://blog.livedoor.jp/nkgw/foaf.rdf

  17. 17.

    If necessary, the ranking algorithm presented in the next section could be used to choose the most popular identifier as the canonical identifier.

  18. 18.

    As an example of naïve usage of owl:sameAsbetween classes and properties on the Web, please see: http://colab.cim3.net/file/work/SICoP/DRMITIT/DRM_OWL/Categorization/TaxonomyReferenceModel.owl

  19. 19.

    http://www.rkbexplorer.com/sameAs/

  20. 20.

    http://sameas.org/

  21. 21.

    http://ws.nju.edu.cn/objectcoref/

  22. 22.

    The generic algorithm can naturally be used to propagate PLD/source-level rankings to any form of RDF artifact, including triples, predicates, classes, etc.

  23. 23.

    Note that in this chapter, we deliberately decouple consolidation and reasoning, since in future work we hope to view the unique challenges of finding equivalent identifiers as separate from those of inferencing according to terminological data presented here.

  24. 24.

    For example, we consider the triples mo:wikipediardfs:subPropertyOffoaf:page. and foaf:pageowl:inverseOffoaf:topic. to be terminological.

  25. 25.

    http://lsdis.cs.uga.edu/~oldham/ontology/wsag/wsag.owl

  26. 26.

    http://www.eiao.net/rdf/1.0

  27. 27.

    http://lucene.apache.org/java/

  28. 28.

    http://www.systap.com/bigdata.htm

  29. 29.

    http://openjena.org/SDB/

  30. 30.

    http://www.mulgara.org/

  31. 31.

    http://openjena.org/TDB/

  32. 32.

    http://project-voldemort.com/

  33. 33.

    http://simile.mit.edu/wiki/Longwell

  34. 34.

    http://marbles.sourceforge.net/

  35. 35.

    http://www.rkbexplorer.com/explorer/

  36. 36.

    http://dataviewer.zitgist.com/

  37. 37.

    http://www.simile-widgets.org/timeline/

  38. 38.

    http://maps.google.com/

  39. 39.

    http://visinav.deri.org/

  40. 40.

    In any case, our reasoning engine supports the owl:inverseOfconstruct which solves the problem of directionality, and we would hope that most (object) properties define a corresponding inverse property.

  41. 41.

    Please note that practical limitations with respect to the availability and administration of physical machines have restricted our ability to provide such interfaces with high reliability; indeed, we used to offer time-out SPARQL queries over ∼ 1.5 bn statements through YARS2, but for the meantime, we can no longer support such a service.

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Acknowledgements

The work presented herein was funded in part by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. SFI/08/CE/I1380 (Lion-2) and by an IRCSET postgraduate scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute AIFB, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Andreas Harth

  2. Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

    Aidan Hogan, Jürgen Umbrich, Sheila Kinsella, Stefan Decker & Axel Polleres

  3. Siemens AG Österreich, Siemensstrasse 90, 1210, Vienna, Austria

    Axel Polleres

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  1. Andreas Harth
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  6. Axel Polleres
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Correspondence to Andreas Harth .

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  1. , Dipartimento di Informatica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 79, Roma, 00146, Italy

    Roberto De Virgilio

  2. e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia Aziendale, Università degli Studi di Modena, Via le Berengario, 51, Modena, 41100, Italy

    Francesco Guerra

  3. Università degli Studi di Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento, 38123, Italy

    Yannis Velegrakis

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Harth, A., Hogan, A., Umbrich, J., Kinsella, S., Decker, S., Polleres, A. (2012). Searching and Browsing Linked Data with SWSE. In: De Virgilio, R., Guerra, F., Velegrakis, Y. (eds) Semantic Search over the Web. Data-Centric Systems and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25008-8_14

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