Abstract
“Omics” technologies comprise genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics. In this review, these techniques that concentrate on aspects of the “course from genotype to phenotype” are surveyed. With the aid of these global methods, it is possible to combine a collective knowledge of the investigated organism, which is necessary to understand the details of its metabolic system. Hence, the challenge is to introduce the above-mentioned studies for the determination of targets and approaches for the improvement of several organisms. In particular, for yeasts, “omics” technologies can be applied well because research is advanced. For this eukaryotic model organism, an in-depth knowledge is indispensable in order to understand the metabolic fluxes better. Herein, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as brewing yeasts are reviewed with concern to the determination of their “ome” levels.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aebersold R, Mann M (2003) Mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Nature 422:198–207
Al-Shahrour F et al (2004) FatiGO: a web tool for finding significant associations of gene ontology terms with groups of genes. Bioinformatics 20:578–580
Al-Shahrour F et al (2005a) Discovering molecular functions significantly related to phenotypes by combining gene expression data and biological information. Bioinformatics 21:2988–2993
Al-Shahrour F et al (2005b) BABELOMICS: a suite of web tools for functional annotation and analysis of groups of genes in high-throughput experiments. Nucleic Acids Res 33:W460–W464
Al-Shahrour F et al (2006) BABELOMICS: a systems biology perspective in the functional annotation of genome-scale experiments. Nucleic Acids Res 34:W472–W476
Al-Shahrour F et al (2007) FatiGO+: a functional profiling tool for genomic data. Integration of functional annotation, regulatory motifs and interaction data with microarray experiments. Nucleic Acids Res 35:W91–W96
Ashburner M et al (2000) Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. Nat Genet 25:25–29
Bailey JE et al (1990) Strategies and challenges in metabolic engineering a. Ann N Y Acad Sci 589:1–15
Bailey JE et al (2002) Inverse metabolic engineering: a strategy for directed genetic engineering of useful phenotypes. Biotechnol Bioeng 79:568–579
Benjamini Y, Yekutieli D (2005) Quantitative trait loci analysis using the false discovery rate. Genetics 171:783–790
Beranova-Giorgianni S (2003) Proteome analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry: strengths and limitations. Trends Anal Chem 22:273–281
Birrell GW et al (2001) A genome-wide screen in S. cerevisiae for genes affecting UV radiation sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:12608–12613
Blieck L et al (2007) Isolation and characterization of Brewer’s yeast variants with improved fermentation performance under high-gravity conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:815–824
Bond U et al (2004) Aneuploidy and copy number breakpoints in the genome of lager yeasts mapped by microarray hybridisation. Curr Genet 45:360–370
Boucherie H et al (1995) Two-dimensional protein map of S. cerevisiae: construction of a gene-protein index. Yeast 11:601–613
Brejning J et al (2005) Identification of genes and proteins induced during the lag and early exponential phase of lager brewing yeasts. J Appl Microbiol 98:261–271
Bro C, Nielsen J (2004) Impact of ‘ome’ analyses on inverse metabolic engineering. Metab Eng 6:204–211
Bro C et al (2005) Improvement of galactose uptake in S. cerevisiae through overexpression of phosphoglucomutase: example of transcript analysis as a tool in inverse metabolic engineering. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:6465–6472
Cordier H et al (2007) A metabolic and genomic study of engineered S. cerevisiae strains for high glycerol production. Metab Eng 9:364–378
Daran-Lapujade P et al (2003) Comparative genotyping of the S. cerevisiae laboratory strains S288C and CEN.PK113-7D using oligonucleotide microarrays. FEMS Yeast Res 4:259–269
de Nobel H et al (2001) Parallel and comparative analysis of the proteome and transcriptome of sorbic acid-stressed S. cerevisiae. Yeast 18:1413–1428
Dequin S (2001) The potential of genetic engineering for improving brewing, wine-making and baking yeasts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 56:577–588
DeRisi JL et al (1997) Exploring the metabolic and genetic control of gene expression on a genomic scale. Science 278:680–686
Dietvorst J et al (2005) Maltotriose utilization in lager yeast strains: MTT1 encodes a maltotriose transporter. Yeast 22:775–788
Donalies U et al (2008) Improvement of Saccharomyces Yeast strains used in brewing, wine making and baking. In Adv Biochem Engin/Food Biotechnology 111:67–98
Doniger S et al (2003) MAPPFinder: using gene ontology and GenMAPP to create a global gene-expression profile from microarray data. Genome Biol 4:R7
dos Santos MM et al (2003) Identification of in vivo enzyme activities in the cometabolism of glucose and acetate by S. cerevisiae by using 13C-labeled substrates. Eukaryot Cell 2:599–608
Dunn B, Sherlock G (2008) Reconstruction of the genome origins and evolution of the hybrid lager yeast S. pastorianus. Genome Res 18:1610–1623
Dziembowski A, Séraphin B (2004) Recent developments in the analysis of protein complexes. FEBS Lett 556:1–6
Eisen MB et al (1998) Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:14863–14868
Fernandez-Ricaud L et al (2005) PROPHECY-a database for high-resolution phenomics. Nucleic Acids Res 33:D369–D373
Gasch AP et al (2000) Genomic expression programs in the response of yeast cells to environmental changes. Mol Biol Cell 11:4241–4257
Gavin A-C et al (2002) Functional organization of the yeast proteome by systematic analysis of protein complexes. Nature 415:141–147
Gevaert K, Vandekerckhove J (2009) Reverse-phase diagonal chromatography for phosphoproteome research. In Methods in Molecular Biology/Phospho-Proteomics 527:219–227
Giaever G et al (2002) Functional profiling of the S. cerevisiae genome. Nature 418:387–391
Gill RT (2003) Enabling inverse metabolic engineering through genomics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 14:484–490
Gombert AK et al (2001) Network identification and flux quantification in the central metabolism of S. cerevisiae under different conditions of glucose repression. J Bacteriol 183:1441–1451
Gorsich S et al (2006) Tolerance to furfural-induced stress is associated with pentose phosphate pathway genes ZWF1, GND1, RPE1, and TKL1 in S. cerevisiae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 71:339–349
Graves PR, Haystead TAJ (2002) Molecular biologist’s guide to proteomics. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 66:39–63
Griffin JL (2006) Review. The Cinderella story of metabolic profiling: does metabolomics get to go to the functional genomics ball? Philos Trans R Soc B: Biol Sci 361:147–161
Griffin TJ et al (2002) Complementary profiling of gene expression at the transcriptome and proteome levels in S. cerevisiae. Mol Cell Proteomics 1:323–333
Gygi SP et al (2000) Evaluation of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteome analysis technology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:9390–9395
Haynes PA, Yates JRI (2000) Proteome profiling – pitfalls and progress. Yeast 17:81–87
Herrero J et al (2004) New challenges in gene expression data analysis and the extended GEPAS. Nucleic Acids Res 32:W485–W491
Higgins VJ et al (2003a) Yeast genome-wide expression analysis identifies a strong ergosterol and oxidative stress response during the initial stages of an industrial lager fermentation. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:4777–4787
Higgins VJ et al (2003b) Application of genome-wide expression analysis to identify molecular markers useful in monitoring industrial fermentations. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:7535–7540
Ito T et al (2001) A comprehensive two-hybrid analysis to explore the yeast protein interactome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:4569–4574
James TC et al (2003) Transcription profile of brewery yeast under fermentation conditions. J Appl Microbiol 94:432–448
Jansen R, Gerstein M (2000) Analysis of the yeast transcriptome with structural and functional categories: characterizing highly expressed proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 28:1481–1488
Jin Y-S et al (2005) Improvement of xylose uptake and ethanol production in recombinant S. cerevisiae through an inverse metabolic engineering approach. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:8249–8256
Joubert R et al (2000) Two-dimensional gel analysis of the proteome of lager brewing yeasts. Yeast 16:511–522
Joubert R et al (2001) Identification by mass spectrometry of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-separated proteins extracted from lager brewing yeast. Electrophoresis 22:2969–2982
Kanehisa M et al (2004) The KEGG resource for deciphering the genome. Nucleic Acids Res 32:D277–D280
Kerppola TK (2008) Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis as a probe of protein interactions in living cells. Annu Rev Biophys 37:465–487
Khatri P, Draghici S (2005) Ontological analysis of gene expression data: current tools, limitations, and open problems. Bioinformatics 21:3587–3595
Kiemer L, Cesareni G (2007) Comparative interactomics: comparing apples and pears? Trends Biotechnol 25:448–454
King OD et al (2003) Predicting gene function from patterns of annotation. Genome Res 13:896–904
Kobi D et al (2004) Two-dimensional protein map of an “ale”-brewing yeast strain: proteome dynamics during fermentation. FEMS Yeast Res 5:213–230
Kodama Y et al (2006) Lager brewing yeast. In Topics in Current Genetics/Comparative Genomics 15:145–164
Kolkman A et al (2005) Development and application of proteomics technologies in S. cerevisiae. Trends Biotechnol 23:598–604
Krogan NJ et al (2006) Global landscape of protein complexes in the yeast S. cerevisiae. Nature 440:637–643
Lafaye A et al (2005) Combined proteome and metabolite-profiling analyses reveal surprising insights into yeast sulfur metabolism. J Biol Chem 280:24723–24730
Lashkari DA et al (1997) Yeast microarrays for genome wide parallel genetic and gene expression analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:13057–13062
Liti G et al (2009) Population genomics of domestic and wild yeasts. Nature 458(7236):337–341
Lu JP et al (2008). Dual expression recombinase based (DERB) single vector system for high throughput screening and verification of protein interactions in living cells. Available from nature proceedings <http://hdl.handle.net/10101/npre.2008.1550.1>
Maaheimo H et al (2001) Central carbon metabolism of S. cerevisiae explored by biosynthetic fractional (13)C labeling of common amino acids. Eur J Biochem 268:2464–2479
Maple J, Møller SG (2007) Yeast two-hybrid screening. Methods Mol Biol 362:207–223
Marti J et al (2002) Transcriptomes for serial analysis of gene expression. J Soc Biol 196:303–307
Meudt HM, Clarke AC (2007) Almost forgotten or latest practice? AFLP applications, analyses and advances. Trends Plant Sci 12:106–117
Nakao Y et al (2009) Genome sequence of the lager brewing yeast, an interspecies hybrid. DNA Res 16:115–129
Nevoigt E (2008) Progress in metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 72:379–412
Nie L et al (2008) Statistical application and challenges in global gel-free proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry. Crit Rev Biotechnol 28:297–307
Nielsen J (2001) Metabolic engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 55:263–283
Ogata H et al (1999) KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 27:29–34
Olesen K et al (2002) The dynamics of the S. carlsbergensis brewing yeast transcriptome during a production-scale lager beer fermentation. FEMS Yeast Res 2:563–573
Oliver SG et al (1998) Systematic functional analysis of the yeast genome. Trends Biotechnol 16:373–378
Oliver SG (2002) Functional genomics: lessons from yeast. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 357:17–23
Olsson L, Nielsen J (2000) The role of metabolic engineering in the improvement of S. cerevisiae: utilization of industrial media. Enzyme Microb Technol 26:785–792
Ostergaard S et al (2000) Metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 64:34–50
Pandey A, Mann M (2000) Proteomics to study genes and genomes. Nature 405:837–846
Penttilä M (2001) Metabolic engineering approaches-opportunities for brewing Proc Congr Eur Conv Budapest 28:505–513
Perrot M et al (1999) Two-dimensional gel protein database of S. cerevisiae (update 1999). Electrophoresis 20:2280–2298
Perrot M et al (2007) Yeast proteome map (update 2006). Proteomics 7:1117–1120
Petersson A et al (2006) A 5-hydroxymethyl furfural reducing enzyme encoded by the S. cerevisiae ADH6 gene conveys HMF tolerance. Yeast 23:455–464
Pfaffl MW (2004) Real-time RT-PCR: Neue Ansätze zur exakten mRNA Quantifizierung. BIOspektrum 1:92–95
Pham TK, Wright PC (2007) Proteomic analysis of S. cerevisiae. Expert Rev Proteomics 4:793–813
Pope GA et al (2007) Metabolic footprinting as a tool for discriminating between brewing yeasts. Yeast 24:667–679
Pugh T et al (2002) Global analysis of yeast gene expression during a brewery fermentation. ASBC 2002 Annual Meeting, Savannah, Georgia
Puig O et al (2001) The tandem affinity purification (TAP) method: a general procedure of protein complex purification. Methods 24:218–229
Rainieri S et al (2006) Pure and mixed genetic lines of S. bayanus and S. pastorianus and their contribution to the lager brewing strain genome. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:3968–3974
Ray SS et al (2007) Gene ordering in partitive clustering using microarray expressions. J Biosci 32:1019–1025
Reguly T et al (2006) Comprehensive curation and analysis of global interaction networks in S. cerevisiae. J Biol 5:11
Reiner A et al (2003) Identifying differentially expressed genes using false discovery rate controlling procedures. Bioinformatics 19:368–375
Rogowska-Wrzesinska A et al (2001) Comparison of the proteomes of three yeast wild type Strains: CEN.PK2, FY1679 and W303. Comp Funct Genomics 2:207–225
Schacherer J et al (2009) Comprehensive polymorphism survey elucidates population structure of S. cerevisiae. Nature 458(7236):342–345
Schena M et al (1995) Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray. Science 270:467–470
Schwikowski B et al (2000) A network of protein–protein interactions in yeast. Nat Biotechnol 18:1257–1261
Shakoury-Elizeh M et al (2004) Transcriptional remodeling in response to iron deprivation in S. cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 15:1233–1243
Shalon D et al (1996) A DNA microarray system for analyzing complex DNA samples using two-color fluorescent probe hybridization. Genome Res 6:639–645
Shoemaker DD et al (1996) Quantitative phenotypic analysis of yeast deletion mutants using a highly parallel molecular bar-coding strategy. Nat Genet 14:450–456
Sickmann A et al (2003) The proteome of S. cerevisiae mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:13207–13212
Skoneczna A (2006) Decade of genomics-methods for genome investigation in yeast S. cerevisiae. Postepy Biochem 52:435–447
Smedsgaard J, Nielsen J (2005) Metabolite profiling of fungi and yeast: from phenotype to metabolome by MS and informatics. J Exp Bot 56:273–286
Sung M-K, Huh W-K (2007) Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis system for in vivo detection of protein–protein interaction in S. cerevisiae. Yeast 24:767–775
Tang T et al (2007) Expression ratio evaluation in two-colour microarray experiments is significantly improved by correcting image misalignment. Bioinformatics 23:2686–2691
ter Linde JJM et al (1999) Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of aerobic and anaerobic chemostat cultures of S. cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 181:7409–7413
Uetz P et al (2000) A comprehensive analysis of protein–protein interactions in S. cerevisiae. Nature 403:623–627
van Damme P et al (2008) Protein processing characterized by a gel-free proteomics approach. In Methods in Molecular Biology/ Functional Proteomics 484:245–262
Vaquerizas JM et al (2005) GEPAS, an experiment-oriented pipeline for the analysis of microarray gene expression data. Nucleic Acids Res 33:W616–W620
Velculescu VE et al (1995) Serial analysis of gene expression. Science 270:484–487
Velculescu VE et al (1997) Characterization of the yeast transcriptome. Cell 88:243–251
Vos P et al (1995) AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Res 23:4407–4414
Warringer J, Blomberg A (2003) Automated screening in environmental arrays allows analysis of quantitative phenotypic profiles in S. cerevisiae. Yeast 20:53–67
Warringer J et al (2003) High-resolution yeast phenomics resolves different physiological features in the saline response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:15724–15729
Watanabe T et al (2004) A new approach to species determination for yeast strains: DNA microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization using a yeast DNA microarray with 6000 genes. Yeast 21:351–365
Wilkins MR et al (1996) From proteins to proteomes: large scale protein identification by two-dimensional electrophoresis and amino acid analysis. Biotechnol Bioeng 14:61–65
Winzeler EA et al (1999a) Whole genome genetic-typing in yeast using high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Parasitology 118:73–80
Winzeler EA et al (1999b) Functional characterization of the S. cerevisiae genome by gene deletion and parallel analysis. Science 285:901–906
Wu J et al (2004) Global analysis of nutrient control of gene expression in S. cerevisiae during growth and starvation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:3148–3153
Yale J, Bohnert HJ (2001) Transcript expression in S. cerevisiae at high salinity. J Biol Chem 276:15996–16007
Yoshimoto H et al (2002) Genome-wide analysis of gene expression regulated by the calcineurin/Crz1p signaling pathway in S. cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 277:31079–31088
Young KH (1998) Yeast two-hybrid: so many interactions, (in) so little time. Biol Reprod 58:302–311
Yu H et al (2008) High-quality binary protein interaction map of the yeast interactome network. Science 322:104–110
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Strack, L., Stahl, U. (2010). “Omics” Technologies and Their Input for the Comprehension of Metabolic Systems Particularly Pertaining to Yeast Organisms. In: Lüttge, U., Beyschlag, W., Büdel, B., Francis, D. (eds) Progress in Botany 72. Progress in Botany, vol 72. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13145-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13145-5_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-13144-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-13145-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)