Abstract
This chapter summarizes recent developments of red and near infrared fluorescent probes and labels based on cyanine and squaraine dyes encapsulated in macrocycles, and embedded in or bound to proteins, aptamers, dendrimers, and micro- or nano-particles. Combining these dyes with another macromolecular carrier- or host-molecule may have a positive impact on one or more of the following spectral and photophysical properties: water-solubility, brightness, fluorescence lifetimes, as well as chemo- and photostability, which promises great potential for fluorescence-based biomedical applications, pharmaceutical research, and clinical diagnostics. In general, the resulting properties of these compositions are strongly dependent on the type of dye molecule as well as the nature of the host or carrier macromolecule.
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Patsenker, L.D., Tatarets, A.L., Klochko, O.P., Terpetschnig, E.A. (2010). Conjugates, Complexes, and Interlocked Systems Based on Squaraines and Cyanines. In: Demchenko, A. (eds) Advanced Fluorescence Reporters in Chemistry and Biology II. Springer Series on Fluorescence, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04701-5_5
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