Abstract
This chapter offers detailed information about presently known mesenchymal skin tumors. Recently described entities are discussed. The fibrohistiocytic tumors are followed by the vascular tumors, the tumors with smooth muscle cell differentiation, the neural tumors, the lipomatous tumors, the tumors with meningeal differentiation, the tumors with osseous differentiation and a few other entities of less well defined origin. The differences in prognostic outcome of the mesenchymal tumors in skin and their counterparts in the deep soft tissue are being evaluated. Some general rules for the appraisal of mesenchymal tumors in skin are given. Description of the clinical picture and prognosis for every entity is added. ICD-O numbers are named as far as possible also for the rarer entities.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Adams BB, Lucky AW (2000) Acquired port-wine stains and antecedent trauma: case report and review of the literature. Arch Dermatol 136:897−899
Alaiti S, Nelson FP, Ryoo JW (2000) Solitary cutaneous myxoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 43:377−379
Aloi F, Tomasini C, Pippione M (1993) Microvenular hemangioma. Am J Dermatopathol 15:534−538
Altinok G, Dogan AI, Aydin SO, Gedikoglu G (2002) Primary leiomyosarcomas of the skin. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 36:56−59
Argenyi ZB, LeBoit PE, Santa Cruz D, Swanson PE, Kutzner H (1993) Nerve sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma) of the skin: light microscopic and immunohistochemical reappraisal of the cellular variant. J Cutan Pathol 20:294−303
Argenyi ZB, Kutzner H, Seaba MM (1995) Ultrastructural spectrum of cutaneous nerve sheath myxoma/cellular neurothekeoma. J Cutan Pathol 22:137−145
Azadeh B, Attallah MF, Ejeckam GC (1994) Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma in association with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Cutis 53:134−136
Barnhill RL, Dickersin GR, Nickeleit V, Bhan AK, Muhlbauer JE, Phillips ME, Mihm MC Jr. (1991) Studies on the cellular origin of neurothekeoma: clinical, light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural observations. J Am Acad Dermatol 25:80−88
Behne K, Robertson I, Weedon D (2002) Disseminated lobular capillary haemangioma. Australas J Dermatol 43:297−300
Ben-Amitai D, Davidson S, Schwartz M, Prais D, Shamir R, Metzker A, Merlob P (2000) Sacral nevus flammeus simplex: the role of imaging. Pediatr Dermatol 17:469−471
Bock O, Mrowietz U (2002) Keloids. A fibroproliferative disorder of unknown etiology Hautarzt 53:515−523
Boehncke WH, Kaufmann R, Weber L, Sterry W (1993) Osteoma cutis. Multiple miliary osteoma of the face Hautarzt 44:245−247
Breuninger H (1998) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Quality Assurance Committee of the German Society of Dermatology and the Professional Organization of German Dermatologists e. V. Hautarzt 48:46−48
Busam KJ, Mentzel T, Colpaert C, Barnhill RL, Fletcher CD (1998) Atypical or worrisome features in cellular neurothekeoma: a study of 10 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 22:1067−1072
Calonje E, Fletcher CD, Wilson-Jones E, Rosai J (1994) Retiform hemangioendothelioma. A distinctive form of low-grade angiosarcoma delineated in a series of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 18:115−125
Calonje E, Wadden C, Wilson-Jones E, Fletcher CM (1993) Spindle-cell non-pleomorphic atypical fibroxanthoma: analysis of a series and delineation of a distinctive variant. Histopathology 22:247−254
Chapman MS, Perry AE, Baughman RD (1998) Cowden’s syndrome, Lhermitte-Duclos disease, and sclerotic fibroma. Am J Dermatopathol 20:413−416
Chavaz P, Laugier P (1981) Angioma serpiginosum Hutchinson: ultrastructural study (author’s transl) Ann Dermatol Venereol 108:429−436
Cottoni F, Dell’ Orbo C, Quacci D, Tedde G (1993) Primary osteoma cutis. Clinical, morphological, and ultrastructural study. Am J Dermatopathol 15:77−81
Dahl I (1976) Atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin. A clinico-pathological study of 57 cases. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [A] 84:183−197
Davis DA, Sanchez RL (1998) Atrophic and plaquelike dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Dermatopathol 20:498−501
Dei Tos AP, Maestro R, Doglioni C, Gasparotto D, Boiocchi M, Laurino L, Fletcher CD (1994) Ultraviolet-induced p53 mutations in atypical fibroxanthoma. Am J Pathol 145:11−17
Diaz-Cascajo C, Borghi S, Weyers W, Retzlaff H, Requena L, Metze D (1999) Benign lymphangiomatous papules of the skin following radiotherapy: a report of five new cases and review of the literature. Histopathology 35:319−327
Dockery GL (1994) Diagnosis and treatment of digital mucoid cysts. J Foot Ankle Surg 33:326−333
Duve S, Muller-Hocker J, Worret WI (1995) Spindle-cell lipoma of the skin. Am J Dermatopathol 17:529−533
Eckert F, Kutzner H (1995) Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (solitary circumscribed neuroma) Am J Dermatopathol 17:316
Enzinger FM, Zhang RY (1988) Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor presenting in children and young adults. An analysis of 65 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 12:818−826
Evans HL (1995) Desmoplastic fibroblastoma. A report of seven cases. Am J Surg Pathol 19:1077−1081
Fearfield LA, Smith JR, Bunker CB, Staughton RC (2000) Association of multiple familial cutaneous leiomyoma with a uterine symplastic leiomyoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 25:44−47
Fernandez-Pugnaire MA, Delgado-Florencio V (1995) Familial multiple cutaneous leiomyomas. Dermatology 191:295−298
Fetsch JF, Michal M, Miettinen M (2000) Pigmented (melanotic) neurofibroma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 19 lesions from 17 patients. Am J Surg Pathol 24:331−343
Fetsch JF, Laskin WB, Miettinen M (2001) Superficial acral fibromyxoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 37 cases of a distinctive soft tissue tumor with a predilection for the fingers and toes. Hum Pathol 32:704−714
French CA, Mentzel T, Kutzner H, Fletcher CD (2000) Intradermal spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma: a distinct subset. Am J Dermatopathol 22:496−502
Fretzin DF, Helwig EB (1973) Atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin. A clinicopathologic study of 140 cases. Cancer 31:1541−1552
Garcia Muret MP, Pujol RM, Alomar A, Calaf J, de Moragas JM (1988) Familial leiomyomatosis cutis et uteri (Reed’s syndrome). Arch Dermatol Res 280:29−32
Gelli MC, Pasquinelli G, Martinelli G, Gardini G (1993) Cutaneous meningioma: histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigation. Histopathology 23:576−578
Goncharuk V, Mulvaney M, Carlson JA (2003) Bednar tumor associated with dermal melanocytosis: melanocytic colonization or neuroectodermal multidirectional differentiation? J Cutan Pathol 30:147−151
Guillou L, Fletcher CD (2000) Benign lymphangioendothelioma (acquired progressive lymphangioma): a lesion not to be confused with well-differentiated angiosarcoma and patch stage Kaposi’s sarcoma: clinicopathologic analysis of a series. Am J Surg Pathol 24:1047−1057
Haas AF, Fromer ES, Bricca GM (1999) Spindle cell lipoma of the scalp: a case report and review. Dermatol Surg 25:68−71
Hagari Y, Hagari S, Kambe N, Kawaguchi T, Nakamoto S, Mihara M (2002) Acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children: immunohistochemical and clonal analyses of the infiltrating cells. J Cutan Pathol 29:313−318
Hanft VN, Shea CR, McNutt NS, Pullitzer D, Horenstein MG, Prieto VG (2000) Expression of CD34 in sclerotic („plywood“) fibromas. Am J Dermatopathol 22:17−21
Hare PJ, Smith PA (1969) Acquired (digital) fibrokeratoma. Br J Dermatol 81:667−670
Harvell JD (2003) Multiple spindle cell lipomas and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans within a single patient: evidence for a common neoplastic process of interstitial dendritic cells? J Am Acad Dermatol 48:82−85
Hattori H (2003) Nodular sclerotic change in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a potential diagnostic problem. Br J Dermatol 148:357−360
Hayashi T, Tsuda N, Chowdhury PR, Anami M, Kishikawa M, Iseki M, Kobayashi K (1995) Infantile digital fibromatosis: a study of the development and regression of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Mod Pathol 8:548−552
Helwig EB, May D (1986) Atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin with metastasis. Cancer 57:368−376
Hendi A, Jukic DM, Kress DW, Brodland DG (2002) Atrophic dermatofibroma: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Surg 28:1085−1087
Hirose T, Tani T, Shimada T, Ishizawa K, Shimada S, Sano T (2003) Immunohistochemical demonstration of EMA/Glut1-positive perineurial cells and CD34-positive fibroblastic cells in peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Mod Pathol 16:293−298
Hoang MP, Rogers BB, Albores-Saavedra J (2002) Giant cell tumor of the skin: a morphologic and immunohistochemical study of five cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 6:288−293
Holst VA, Junkins-Hopkins JM, Elenitsas R (2002) Cutaneous smooth muscle neoplasms: clinical features, histologic findings, and treatment options. J Am Acad Dermatol 46:477−490
Hügel H (1991) Plaque-like dermal fibromatosis Hautarzt 42:223−226
Hügel H (1993) Plaque-like dermal fibromatosis/dermatomyofibroma. J Cutan Pathol 20:94
Hügel H, Allen PW (1995) Fibromatosen und andere fibroblastisch/myofibroblastisch differenzierte Bindegewebstumoren aus der Sicht der Dermatologen H+G 70: Heft 10
Hügel H, Kutzner H, Rütten A, Biess B (1994) Differences between plaque-like variants of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and plaque-like dermal fibromatosis (dermatomyofibroma) Hautarzt 45:299−303
Hunt SJ, Santa Cruz DJ, Barr RJ (1991) Microvenular hemangioma. J Cutan Pathol 18:235−240
Inaba M, Yamamoto T, Minami R, Ohbayashi C, Hanioka K (2001) Pigmented neurofibroma: report of two cases and literature review. Pathol Int 51:565−569
Jansen T, Bechara FG, Stucker M, Altmeyer P (2002) Angiokeratoma of the scrotum (Fordyce type) associated with angiokeratoma of the oral cavity. Acta Derm Venereol 82:208−210
Jones WE, Cerio R, Smith NP (1990) Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: an acquired vascular anomaly to be distinguished from Kaposi’s sarcoma. Br J Dermatol 122:651−663
Jozwiak S, Schwartz RA, Janniger CK, Michalowicz R, Chmielik J (1998) Skin lesions in children with tuberous sclerosis complex: their prevalence, natural course, and diagnostic significance. Int J Dermatol 37:911−917
Kaddu S, Beham A, Cerroni L, Humer-Fuchs U, Salmhofer W, Kerl H, Soyer HP (1997) Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma. Am J Surg Pathol 21:979−987
Kagoura M, Toyoda M, Nagahori H, Makino T, Morohashi M (1999) An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (Bednar tumor). Eur J Dermatol 9:366−369
Kamino H, Lee JY, Berke A (1989) Pleomorphic fibroma of the skin: a benign neoplasm with cytologic atypia. A clinicopathologic study of eight cases. Am J Surg Pathol 13:107−113
Kamino H, Reddy VB, Gero M, Greco MA (1992) Dermatomyofibroma. A benign cutaneous, plaque-like proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in young adults. J Cutan Pathol 19:85−93
Kazakov DV, Mentzel T, Burg G, Kempf W (2002) Superficial acral fibromyxoma: report of two cases. Dermatology 205:285−288
Khan ZM, Cockerell CJ (1997) Atypical fibroxanthoma with osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. Am J Dermatopathol 19:174−179
Kim YC, Park HJ, Cinn YW (2003) Microvenular hemangioma. Dermatology 206:161−164
Klapman MH, Yao JF (2001) Thickening and nodules in port-wine stains. J Am Acad Dermatol 44:300−302
Kossard S, Kumar A, Wilkinson B (1999) Neural spectrum: palisaded encapsulated neuroma and verocay body poor dermal schwannoma. J Cutan Pathol 26:31−36
Kuflik JH, Schwartz RA, Rothenberg J (2003) Dermal leiomyosarcoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 48:51−53
Kumakiri M, Katoh N, Miura Y (1980) Angioma serpiginosum. J Cutan Pathol 7410−421
Kutzner H (1993) Expression of the human progenitor cell antigen CD34 (HPCA-1) distinguishes dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans from fibrous histiocytoma in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. J Am Acad Dermatol 28:613−617
Kutzner H, Embacher G, Kutzner U, Schröder J (1990) Solitary encapsulated neuroma. Hautarzt 41:620−624
Kutzner H, Hügel H, Rütten A, Braun M (1993) Acquired benign myofibroma of the skin (adult myofibroma). Hautarzt 44:561−568
Kutzner H, Requena L, Mentzel T, Pfau B (2002) Diffuse dermal angiomatosis. Hautarzt 53:808−812
Lam WY, Mac-Moune Lai F, Look CN, Choi PC, Allen PW (1994) Tufted angioma with complete regression. J Cutan Pathol 21:461−466
Lauritz BV, Mason GH (1999) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: an early non-protuberant phase of the tumour. Australas J Dermatol 40:35−36
Laxmisha C, Thappa DM, Karthikeyan K (2003) Cutaneous variant of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Dermatol Online J 9:13
Lee J, Lynde C (2001) Pyogenic granuloma: pyogenic again? Association between pyogenic granuloma and Bartonella. J Cutan Med Surg 5:467−470
Lee MW, Choi JH, Sung KJ, Moon KC, Koh JK (2003) Acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children (APACHE). Pediatr Dermatol 20:457−458
Leroy K, Dumas V, Martin-Garcia N, Falzone MC, Voisin MC, Wechsler J, Revuz J, Creange A, Levy E, Lantieri L, Zeller J, Wolkenstein P (2001) Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1: a clinicopathologic and molecular study of 17 patients. Arch Dermatol 137:908−913
Lin BT, Weiss LM, Medeiros LJ (1997) Neurofibroma and cellular neurofibroma with atypia: a report of 14 tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 21:1443−1449
Longacre TA, Smoller BR, Rouse RV (1993) Atypical fibroxanthoma. Multiple immunohistologic profiles. Am J Surg Pathol 17:1199−1209
Lopez DA, Silvers DN, Helwig EB (1974) Cutaneous meningiomas: a clinicopathologic study. Cancer 34:728
Ma CK, Zarbo RJ, Gown AM (1992) Immunohistochemical characterization of atypical fibroxanthoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Am J Clin Pathol 97:478−483
Mahalingam M, Goldberg LJ (2001) Atypical pilar leiomyoma: cutaneous counterpart of uterine symplastic leiomyoma? Am J Dermatopathol 23:299−303
Mansoor A, White CR, Jr. (2003) Myxofibrosarcoma presenting in the skin: clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis with cutaneous myxoid neoplasms. Am J Dermatopathol 25:281−286
Megahed M (1994) Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (solitary circumscribed neuroma). A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study. Am J Dermatopathol 16:120−125
Mehregan DR, Mehregan DA, Mehregan AH, Dorman MA, Cohen E (1995) Spindle cell lipomas. A report of two cases: one with multiple lesions. Dermatol Surg 21:796−798
Mentzel T (1999) Cutaneous neural neoplasms − an update. Pathologe 20:98−109
Mentzel T (2001) Cutaneous lipomatous neoplasms. Semin Diagn Pathol 18:250−257
Mentzel T, Calonje E, Fletcher CD (1993) Dermatomyofibroma: additional observations on a distinctive cutaneous myofibroblastic tumour with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Br J Dermatol 129:69−73
Mentzel T, Calonje E, Fletcher CD (1994) Vascular tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Overview of newly characterized entities and variants. Pathologe 15:259−270
Mentzel T, Wollina U, Castelli E, Kutzner H (1996) Tufted hemangioma. Clinicopathologic and immunohistologic analysis of 5 cases of a distinct entity within the spectrum of capillary hemangioma. Hautarzt 47:369−375
Mentzel T, Katenkamp D (1998) Myofibroblastic tumors. Brief review of clinical aspects, diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Pathologe 19:176−186
Mentzel T, Beham A, Katenkamp D, Dei Tos AP, Fletcher CD (1998) Fibrosarcomatous („high-grade“) dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of a series of 41 cases with emphasis on prognostic significance. Am J Surg Pathol 22:576−87
Mentzel T, Kutzner H, Wollina U (1998) Cutaneous angiosarcoma of the face: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of a case resembling rosacea clinically. J Am Acad Dermatol 38:837−840
Mentzel T, Partanen TA, Kutzner H (1999) Hobnail hemangioma („targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma“): clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 62 cases. J Cutan Pathol 26:279−286
Mentzel T, Hügel H, Kutzner H (2002) CD34-positive glomus tumor: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of six cases with myxoid stromal changes. J Cutan Pathol 29:421−425
Mentzel T, Kutzner H (2002) Tumors of the lymphatic vessel of the skin and soft tissue. Pathologe 23:118−127
Mentzel T, Kutzner H (2003) Haemorrhagic dermatomyofibroma (plaque-like dermal fibromatosis): clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of three cases resembling plaque-stage Kaposi’s sarcoma. Histopathology 42:594−598
Metcalf JS, Maize JC, LeBoit PE (1991) Circumscribed storiform collagenoma (sclerosing fibroma). Am J Dermatopathol 13:122−129
Michal M, Fanburg-Smith JC, Mentzel T, Kutzner H, Requena L, Zamecnik M, Miettinen M (2001) Dendritic cell neurofibroma with pseudorosettes: a report of 18 cases of a distinct and hitherto unrecognized neurofibroma variant. Am J Surg Pathol 25:587−594
Monteagudo C, Calduch L, Navarro S, Joan-Figueroa A, Llombart-Bosch A (2002) CD99 immunoreactivity in atypical fibroxanthoma: a common feature of diagnostic value. Am J Clin Pathol 117:126−131
Morimitsu Y, Hisaoka M, Okamoto S, Hashimoto H, Ushijima M (1998) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and its fibrosarcomatous variant with areas of myoid differentiation: a report of three cases. Histopathology 32:547−551
Morse RP (1999) Neurofibromatosis type 1. Arch Neurol 56:64−365
Mortimore RJ, Whitehead KJ (2001) Dermatomyofibroma: a report of two cases, one occurring in a child. Australas J Dermatol 42:22−25
Nakao S, Kodama C, Takenaka T, Tanaka A, Yasumoto Y, Yoshida A, Kanzaki T, Enriquez AL, Eng CM, Tanaka H, Tei C, Desnick RJ (2003) Fabry disease: detection of undiagnosed hemodialysis patients and identification of a „renal variant“ phenotype. Kidney Int 64:801−807
Namazi MR, Handjani F (2003) Angioma serpiginosum. Dermatol Online J 9:19
Nobeyama Y, Honda M, Niimura M (2003) A case of galactosialidosis. Br J Dermatol 149:405−409
Pappo AS, Rao BN, Cain A, Bodner S, Pratt CB (1997) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: the pediatric experience at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 14:563−568
Pastore RL, Ianiro G (1999) Cutaneous angioleiomyoma. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 89:145−147
Pellegrini AE, Drake RD, Qualman SJ (1995) Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma: a neoplasm associated with Maffucci’s syndrome. J Cutan Pathol 22:173−176
Penas PF, Jones-Caballero M, Amigo A, Aragues M, Garcia-Diez A (1994) Cutaneous meningioma underlying congenital localized hypertrichosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 30:363−366
Perkins P, Weiss SW (1996) Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma. An analysis of 78 cases with reassessment of its pathogenesis and biologic behavior. Am J Surg Pathol 20:1196−1204
Porter CJ, Januszkiewicz JS (2002) Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma. Plast Reconstr Surg 109:964−967
Prendiville JS, Lucky AW, Mallory SB, Mughal Z, Mimouni F, Langman CB (1992) Osteoma cutis as a presenting sign of pseudohypoparathyroidism. Pediatr Dermatol 9:11−18
Raj S, Calonje E, Kraus M, Kavanagh G, Newman PL, Fletcher CD (1997) Cutaneous pilar leiomyoma: clinicopathologic analysis of 53 lesions in 45 patients. Am J Dermatopathol 19:2−9
Requena L, Kutzner H, Hügel H, Rütten A, Furio V (1996) Cutaneous adult myofibroma: a vascular neoplasm. J Cutan Pathol 23:445−457
Requena L, Kutzner H, Mentzel T (2002) Acquired elastotic hemangioma: A clinicopathologic variant of hemangioma. J Am Acad Dermatol 47:371−376
Requena L, Kutzner H, Mentzel T, Duran R, Rodriguez-Peralto JL (2002) Benign vascular proliferations in irradiated skin. Am J Surg Pathol 26:328−337
Requena L, Sangueza OP (1995) Benign neoplasms with neural differentiation: a review. Am J Dermatopathol 17:75−96
Requena L, Sangueza OP, Sanchez YE, Furio V (1997) Clear-cell atypical fibroxanthoma: an uncommon histopathologic variant of atypical fibroxanthoma. J Cutan Pathol 24:176−182
Ries M, Ramaswami U, Parini R, Lindblad B, Whybra C, Willers I, Gal A, Beck M (2003) The early clinical phenotype of Fabry disease: a study on 35 European children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 162:767−772
Rodriguez G, Torres BE, Motta A (2002) Bacillary angiomatosis. Biomedica 22:141−154
Rose C, Brocker EB (1999) Dermatomyofibroma: case report and review. Pediatr Dermatol 16:456−459
Rudolph P, Schubert C (2002) Myxoid cellular neurothekeoma. Am J Dermatopathol 24:92−93
Rudolph P, Schubert B, Wacker HH, Parwaresch R, Schubert C (1997) Immunophenotyping of dermal spindle-cell tumors: Diagnostic value of monocyte marker Ki-M1p and histogenetic considerations. Am J Surg Pathol 21:791−800
Rudolph P, Schubert C, Harms D, Parwaresch R (1998) Giant cell collagenoma: A benign dermal tumor with distinctive multinucleate cells. Am J Surg Pathol 22:557−563
Rudolph P, Schubert C, Parwaresch R (2003) Cellular storiform collagenoma. Am J Dermatopathol 25:167−170
Rudolph P, Schubert C, Zelger BG, Zelger B, Parwaresch R (1999) Differential expression of CD34 and Ki-M1p in pleomorphic fibroma and dermatofibroma with monster cells. Am J Dermatopathol 21:414−419
Santucci M, Borgognoni L, Reali UM, Gabbiani G. (2001) Keloids and hypertrophic scars of Caucasians show distinctive morphologic and immunophenotypic profiles. Virchows Arch 438:457−463
Schuhmachers G, Worret WI (1992) Osteoma cutis. Pathogenesis and therapeutic possibilities. Hautarzt 43:422−425
Schultz ES, Kaufmann D, Tinschert S, Schell H, von den Driesch P, Schuler G (2002) Segmental neurofibromatosis. Dermatology 204:296−297
Seo IS, Goheen M, Min KW (2003) Bednar tumor: report of a case with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Ultrastruct Pathol 27:205−210
Silvis NG, Swanson PE, Manivel JC, Kaye VN, Wick MR (1988) Spindle-cell and pleomorphic neoplasms of the skin. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 30 cases, with emphasis on „atypical fibroxanthomas“. Am J Dermatopathol 10:9−19
Sirvent N, Maire G, Pedeutour F (2003) Genetics of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans family of tumors: from ring chromosomes to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 37:1−19
Sonnex TS (1986) Digital myxoid cysts: a review. Cutis 37:89−94
Stojadinovic A, Karpoff HM, Antonescu CR, Shah JP, Singh B, Spiro RH, Dumornay W, Shaha AR (2000) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the head and neck. Ann Surg Oncol 7:696−704
Suster S, Rosai J (1990) Hamartoma of the scalp with ectopic meningothelial elements. A distinctive benign soft tissue lesion that may simulate angiosarcoma. Am J Surg Pathol 14:1−11
Tani M, Komura A, Ichihashi M (1997) Dermatomyofibroma (Plaqueförmige Dermale Fibromatose). J Dermatol 24:793−797
Tomaszewski MM, Lupton GP (1997) Atypical fibroxanthoma. An unusual variant with osteoclast-like giant cells. Am J Surg Pathol 21:213−218
Trotter MJ, McGregor GI, O’Connell JX (1996) Linear dermatomyofibroma. Clin Exp Dermatol 21:307−309
Van Zuuren EJ, Posma AN (2003) Diffuse neurofibroma on the lower back. J Am Acad Dermatol 48:938−940
Vargas-Diez E, Chabas A, Coll MJ, Sanchez-Perez J, Garcia-Diez A, Fernandez-Herrera JM (2002) Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum in a Spanish patient with aspartylglucosaminuria. Br J Dermatol 147:760−764
Vellanki LS, Camisa C, Steck WD (1996) Familial leiomyomata. Cutis 58:80−82
Vincent A, Farley M, Chan E, James WD (2003) Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome: a review of the literature and the differential diagnosis of firm facial papules. J Am Acad Dermatol 49:698−705
Weinstein JM, Drolet BA, Esterly NB, Rogers M, Bauer BS, Wagner AM, Mancini AJ (2003) Congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: variability in presentation. Arch Dermatol 139:207−211
Wick MR, Ritter JH, Lind AC, Swanson PE (1999) The pathological distinction between „deep penetrating“ dermatofibroma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Semin Cutan Med Surg 18:91−98
Yates BJ (2001) Angioleiomyoma: clinical presentation and surgical management. Foot Ankle Int 22:670−674
Young CR 3rd, Albertini MJ (2003) Atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: case report, review, and propose d molecular mechanisms. J Am Acad Dermatol 49:761−764
Yuan K, Wing LY, Lin MT (2002) Pathogenetic roles of angiogenic factors in pyogenic granulomas in pregnancy are modulated by female sex hormones. J Periodontol 73:701−708
Zamecnik M, Michal M (2002) EMA+ cells in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. A study of 11 tumors suggesting perineurial cell differentiation. Cesk Patol 38:55−62
Zamecnik M, Michal M, Chlumska A (2002) Composite dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans-giant cell fibroblastoma recurring as Bednar tumor-giant cell fibroblastoma with mucoid lakes and with amputation neuroma. Cesk Patol 38:173−177
Zamecnik M, Michal M, Baumruk L, Mukensnabl P (2002) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with EMa+ cells. Report of a case suggesting perineurial cell differentiation. Pathol Res Pract 198:767−774
Zelger BG, Steiner H, Kutzner H, Maier H, Zelger B (1998) Cellular ’neurothekeoma’: an epithelioid variant of dermatofibroma? Histopathology 32:414−422
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rudolph, P., Hügel, H. (2009). Mesenchymale Tumoren der Haut. In: Cardesa, A., Rudolph, P., Mentzel, T., Slootweg, P. (eds) Pathologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72885-6_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72885-6_36
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-72884-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-72885-6
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)