Abstract
Many virtual payment systems are available on the world wide web for micropayment, and as they deal with money, correctness is important. One such payment system is Netpay. This paper examines the server-side version of the Netpay protocol and provides its formalization as a CSP model. The PAT model checker is used to prove three properties essential for correctness: impossibility of double spending, validity of an ecoin during the execution and the absence of deadlock. We prove that the protocol is executing according to its description based on the assumption that the customers and vendors are cooperative. This is a very strong assumption for system built to prevent abuse, but further analysis suggests that without it the protocol does no longer guarantee all correctness properties.
Keywords
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cai, Y., Grundy, J., Hosking, J., Dai, X.: Software Architecture Modeling and Performance Analysis with Argo/MTE. In: SEKE 2004 (1990)
Chaudhary, K., Dai, X.: P2P-NetPay: An off-line Micro-payment System for Content Sharing in P2P-Networks. JETWI 1(1), 46–54 (2009)
Chaudhary, K., Fehnker, A.: Modeling and Verification for the Micropayment Protocol Netpay. In: WASET 2012, vol. 72 (2012)
Chaudhary, K., Fehnker, A.: Server-Side Netpay Protocol Models (2015), http://repository.usp.ac.fj/id/eprint/8165
Dai, X., Grundy, J.: Architecture for a Component-Based, Plug-In Micro-payment System. In: Zhou, X., Zhang, Y., Orlowska, M.E. (eds.) APWeb 2003. LNCS, vol. 2642, pp. 251–262. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Dai, X., Grundy, J.: Three Kinds of E-wallets for a NetPay Micro-Payment System. In: Zhou, X., Su, S., Papazoglou, M.P., Orlowska, M.E., Jeffery, K. (eds.) WISE 2004. LNCS, vol. 3306, pp. 66–77. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Dai, X., Lo, B.: NetPay - An Efficient Protocol for Micropayments on the WWW. In: AusWeb 1999, Australia (1999)
Glassman, S., Manasse, M., Abadi, M., Gauthier, P., Sobalvarro, P.: The Millicent Protocol for Inexpensive Electronic Commerce. In: WWW 1995 (December 1995)
Hauser, R., Steiner, M., Waidner, M.: Micro-payments Based on ikp. In: SECURICOM 1996. LNCS (1996)
Herzberg, A., Yochai, H.: Mini-pay: Charging Per Click on the Web (1996)
Nisan, N., London, S., Regev, O., Camiel, N.: Globally Distributed Computation Over the Internet. The POPCORN project. In: ICDCS 1998. IEEE (1998)
Rivest, R., Shamir, A.: PayWord and MicroMint: Two Simple Micropayment Schemes. In: Crispo, B. (ed.) Security Protocols 1996. LNCS, vol. 1189, pp. 69–87. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)
Sun, J., Liu, Y., Dong, J.: Protocol Analysis Toolkit, http://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~pat/
Wei, K., Smith, A., Chen, Y., Vo, B.: WhoPay: A Scalable and Anonymous Payment System for Peer-to-Peer Environments. In: Distributed Computing Systems. IEEE (2006)
Yang, B., Garcia-Molina, H.: PPay: Micro-payments for Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: CSS 2003, pp. 300–310 (2003)
Zou, E., Si, T., Huang, L., Dai, Y.: A New Micro-payment Protocol Based on P2P Networks. In: ICEBE 2005 (2005)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Chaudhary, K., Fehnker, A. (2015). Model Checking a Server-Side Micro Payment Protocol. In: Núñez, M., Güdemann, M. (eds) Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems. FMICS 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9128. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19458-5_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19458-5_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-19457-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-19458-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)