Résumé
La liste des pathologies infectieuses que l’on peut être amené à prendre en charge en réanimation au décours d’un séjour tropical est longue. Dans ce chapitre, au vu des études portant sur les pathologies infectieuses importées en France [1] et de l’épidémiologie des principales maladies infectieuses rencontrées dans les pays de prédilection de nos voyageurs, nous aborderons: i) le paludisme grave, principale cause d’hospitalisation en réanimation pour cause infectieuse « tropicale » en France; ii) les arboviroses, avec la dengue au premier plan compte tenu de son émergence ininterrompue depuis les années 1980; iii) trois maladies bactériennes tropicales pouvant conduire à l’admission en réanimation: la typhoïde, la borréliose récurrente et le typhus des broussailles. Les pathologies infectieuses cosmopolites sévères, telles que les pneumopathies bactériennes ou les chocs septiques, peuvent conduire à une admission en réanimation au décours d’un séjour en zone tropicale, celui-ci n’étant alors qu’un facteur confondant. Ces pathologies cosmopolites sont traitées dans des chapitres spécifiques de cet ouvrage.
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Tattevin, P., Bruneel, F. (2013). Pathologies infectieuses d’importation en réanimation. In: Infectiologie en réanimation. Références en réanimation. Collection de la SRLF. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0389-0_18
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