Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Tracheal and Bronchial Neoplasms

  • Chapter
Book cover CT of the Airways

Part of the book series: Contemporary Medical Imaging ((CMI))

  • 1925 Accesses

Summary

Primary central airway neoplasms are rare. These neoplasms present with symptoms of airway obstruction and hemoptysis. Oftentimes, the diagnosis is delayed because of the late presentation of symptoms. Multidetector CT is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis, staging, and preoperative planning of central airway tumors. The differential diagnosis of central airway neoplasms is broad, but five histologies comprise the majority of lesions. Whereas multidetector CT imaging features can help distinguish benign from malignant entities, only rarely can imaging alone provide a specific diagnosis. Secondary airway malignancies and non-neoplastic processes are mimickers of central airway tumors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  1. Sternam DH, Sztejman E, Rodriquez E, Friedberg J. Diagnosis and staging of “other bronchial tumors.” Chest Surg Clin N Am 2003;13:79–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Shepard JO. The trachea. In:McLoud TC, ed. Thoracic Radiology: The Requisites. St. Louis: Mosby, 1998:347–371.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hajdu SI, Huvos AG, Goodner JT, Foote FW, Beattie EJ. Carcinoma of the trachea: clinicopathologic study of 41 cases. Cancer 1970;25:1448–1456.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Dennie CJ, Coblentz CL. The trachea: pathologic conditions and trauma. Can Assoc Radiol J 1993;44:157–167.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Weber AL, Grillo HC. Tracheal tumors: a radiological, clinical, and pathological evaluation of 84 cases. Radiol Clin North Am 1978;16:227–246.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. McCarthy MJ, Rosado-de-Christenson ML. Tumors of the trachea. J Thorac Imaging 1995;10:180–198.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Heitmiller RF, Mathisen DJ, Ferry JA, Mark EJ, Grillo HC. Mucoepidermoid lung tumors. Ann Thorac Surg 1989;47:394–399.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ko JM, Jung JI, Park SH, et al. Benign tumors of the tracheobronchial tree: CT-pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;186:1304–1313.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Grillo HC, Mathisen DJ. Primary tracheal tumors: treatment and results. Ann Thorac Surg 1990;49:69–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Kwong JS, Müller NL, Miller RR. Diseases of the trachea and main-stem bronchi: correlation of CT with pathologic findings. Radiographics 1992;12:647–657.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kwong JS, Adler BD, Padley SPG, et al. Diagnosis of diseases of the trachea and main bronchi: chest radiography vs CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1993:161:519–522.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Manninen MP, Paakkala TA, Pukander JS, et al. Diagnosis of tracheal carcinoma at chest radiography. Acta Radiol 1992;33:546–547.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kwak SH, Lee KS, Chung MJ, Jeong YJ, Kim GY, Kwon OJ. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the airways: helical CT and histopathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183:277–281.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Parsons RB, Milestone BN, Adler LP. Radiographic assessment of airway tumors. Chest Surg Clin N Am 2003;13:63–77.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Boiselle PM, Reynolds KF, Ernst A. Multiplanar and three-dimensional imaging of the central airways with multidetector CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002;179:301–308.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kaminski JM, Langer CJ, Movsas B. The role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in the management of airway tumors other than small-cell carcinoma and non-small-cell carcinoma. Chest Surg Clin N Am 2003;13:149–167.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Shanley DJ, Daum-Kowalski R, Embry RL. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the airway: MR findings. Letters. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1991;156:1321–1322.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Akata S, Ohkubo Y, Park J, et al. Multiplanar reconstruction MR image of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the central airway: MPR of central airway adenoid cystic carcinoma. Clin Imaging 2001;25:332–336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Gamsu G, Webb WR. Computed tomography of the trachea and mainstem bronchi. Semin Roentgenol 1983;18:51–59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Naidich DP. CT/MR correlation in the evaluation of tracheobronchial neoplasia. Radiol Clin North Am 1990;28:555–571.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Aronchick JM, Wexler JA, Christen B, Miller W, Epstein D, Gefter WB. Computed tomography of bronchial carcinoid. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1986;10:71–74.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Gilbert JG Jr, Mazzarella LA, Feit LJ. Primary tracheal tumors in the infant and adult. Arch Otolaryngol 1953;58:1–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Naka Y, Nakao K, Hamajii Y, Nakahara M, Tsujimoto M, Nakahara K. Solitary squamous cell papilloma of the trachea. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;55:189–193.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Litzky L. Epithelial and soft tissue tumors of the tracheobronchial tree. Chest Surg Clin N Am 2003;13:1–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Strong MS, Vaughn CW, Healy GB, Cooperband SR, Clemente MACP. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Management with the CO2 laser. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1976;85:508–516.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Takasugi JE, Godwin JD. The airway. Semin Roentgenol 1991;26:175–190.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Byrne JC, Tsao MS, Fraser RS, Howley PM. Human papillomavirus-11 DNA in a patient with chronic laryngotracheobronchial papillomatosis and metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung. N Engl J Med 1987;317:873–878.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gruden JF, Webb WR, Sides DM. Adult-onset disseminated tracheobronchial papillomatosis: CT features. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1994;18:640–642.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Wilson RW, Kirejezyk W. Pathological and radiological correlation of endobronchial neoplasm. Part I. Benign tumors. Ann Diagn Pathol 1997;1:31–46.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Politis J, Funahashi A, Gehlsen JA, DeCock D, Stengel BF, Choi H. Intrathoracic lipomas: report of three cases and review of the literature with emphasis on endobronchial lipoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1979;77:550–556.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Van den Bosch JM, Wagenaar SS, Corrin B, Elbers JR, Knaepen PJ, Westermann CJ. Mesenchymoma of the lung (so called hamartoma): a review of 154 parenchymal and endobronchial cases. Thorax 1987;42:790–793.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Cosìo BG, Villena V, Echave-Sustaeta J, et al. Endobronchial Hamartoma. Chest 2002;122:202–205.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Ahn JM, Im JG, Seo JW, et al. Endobronchial hamartoma: CT findings in three patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994;163:49–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Bennett LL, Lesar MS, Tellis CJ. Multiple calcified chondrohamartomas of the lung: CT appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1985;9:180–182.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Weber AL, Shortsleeve M, Goodman M, Montgomery W, Grillo HC. Cartilaginous tumors of the larynx and trachea. Radiol Clin North Am 1978;16:261–271.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Carter D, Patchefsky AS. Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Lung. 1st ed., vol. 36. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Frank JL, Schwartz BR, Price LM, Neifeld JP. Benign cartilaginous tumors of the upper airway. J Surg Oncol 1991;48:69–74.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Regnard JF, Fourquier P, Levasseur P. Results and prognostic factors in resections of primary tracheal tumors: a multicenter retrospective study—The French Society of Cardiovascular Surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1996;111:808–813.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Grillo HC. Development of tracheal surgery: a historical review. Part 2: treatment of tracheal diseases. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:1039–1047.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Webb BD, Walsh GL, Roberts DB, Sturgis EM. Primary tracheal malignant neoplasms: the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center experience. J Am Coll Surg 2006;202:237–246.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Mathisen DJ. Surgical management of tracheobronchial disease. Clin Chest Med 1992;13:151–171.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Houston HE, Payne WS, Harrison ED Jr, Olsen AM. Primary cancers of the trachea. Arch Surg 1969;99:132–140.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Rosado-de-Christenson M, Templeton PA, Moran CA. Bronchogenic carcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 1994;14:429–446.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Foster WL Jr, Roberts L Jr, McLendon RE, Hill RC. Localized peribronchial thickening: a CT sign of occult bronchogenic carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985;144:906–908.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Kim TS, Lee KS, Han J, Kim EA, Yang PS, Im J. Sialadenoid tumors of the respiratory tract: radiologic-pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;177:1145–1150.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Kim TS, Lee KS, Han J, et al. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree: radiographic and CT findings in 12 patients. Radiology 1999;212:643–648.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Fraser RS, Paré JAP, Fraser RG, Paré PD. Neoplastic disease of the lungs. In: Fraser RS, Paré JAP, Fraser RG, Paré PD, eds. Synopsis of Diseases of the Chest, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1994:445–539.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Li W, Ellerbroek NA, Libshitz HI. Primary malignant tumors of the trachea: a radiologic and clinical study. Cancer 1990;66:894–899.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Pearson FG, Todd TRJ, Cooper JD. Experience with primary neoplasms of the trachea and carina. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1984;88:511–518.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Clough A, Clarke P. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea: a long-term problem. Aust N Z J Surg 2006;76:751–753.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Zunker HO, Moore RL, Baker DC, Lattes R. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma) of the trachea. Case report with 9-year follow-up. Cancer 1969;23:699 707.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Conlan AA, Payne WS, Woolner LB, Sanderson DR. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus. Factors affecting survival. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1978;76:369–377.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Spizarny DL, Shepard JO, McLoud TC, Grillo HC, Dedrick CG. CT of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;146:1129–1132.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Xu LT, Sun ZF, Li ZJ, Wu LH, Zhang ZY, Yu XQ. Clinical and pathologic characteristics in patients with tracheobronchial tumor: report of 50 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 1987;43:276–278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Okike N, Bernatz PE, Woolner LB. Carcinoid tumors of the lung. Ann Thorac Surg 1976;22:270–277.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Colby TV, Koss MN, Travis WD. Carcinoid and other neuroendocrine tumors. In: Colby TV, Koss MN, Travis WD, eds. Atlas of Tumor Pathology: Tumors of the Lower Respiratory Tract, fasc 13, ser 3. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1995;287–317.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Abbott GF, Kirejczyk WM, Galvin JR, Travis WD. Thoracic carcinoids: radiologic-pathologic correlations. Radiographics 1999;19:707–736.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Dusmet ME, McKneally MF. Pulmonary and thymic carcinoid tumors. World J Surg 1996;20:189–195.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Fink G, Krelbaum T, Yellin A, et al. Pulmonary carcinoid: presentation, diagnosis, and outcome in 142 cases in Israel and review of 640 cases from the literature. Chest 2001;119:1647–1651.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Schreurs AJM, Westermann CJJ, van den Bosch JMM, Vanderschueren RGJRA, de la Riveiere AB, Knaepen PJ. A twenty-five year follow-up of ninety-three resected typical carcinoid tumors of the lung. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992;104:1470–1475.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Grote TH, Macon WR, Davis B, Greco FA, Johnson DH. Atypical carcinoid of the lung: a distinct clinicopathologic entity. Chest 1988;93;370–375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Marty-Ané CH, Costes V, Pujol JL, Alauzen M, Baldet P, Mary H. Carcinoid tumors of the lung: do atypical features require aggressive management? Ann Thorac Surg 1995; 59:78–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Ducrocq X, Thomas P, Massard G, et al. Operative risk and prognostic factors of typical bronchial carcinoid tumors. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;65:1410–1414.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Soga J, Yakuwa Y. Bronchopulmonary carcinoids: an analysis of 1875 reported cases with special reference to a comparison between typical carcinoids and atypical varieties. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;5:211–219.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. McCaughan BD, Martini N, Bains MS. Bronchial carcinoids. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985;89:8–17.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Attar S, Miller JE, Hankins J, et al. Bronchial adenoma: a review of 51 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 1985;40:126–132.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Magid D, Siegelman SS, Eggleston JC, Fishman EK, Zerhouni EA. Pulmonary carcinoid tumors: CT assessment. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1989;13:244–247.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Shin MS, Berland LL, Myers JL, Clary G, Zorn GL. CT demonstration of an ossifying bronchial carcinoid simulating broncholithiasis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1989; 153:51–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Yousem SA, Hochholzer L. Mucoepidermoid tumors of the lung. Cancer 1987;60:1346–1352.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Scott WJ. Surgical treatment of other bronchial tumors. Chest Surg Clin N Am 2003;13:111–128.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Martini N, Goodner JT, D’Angio GJ, Beattie EJ Jr. Tracheoesophageal fistula due to cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1970;59:319–324.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Morency G, Chalaoui J, Samson L, Sylvestre J. Malignant neoplasms of the trachea. Can Assoc Radiol J 1989;40:198–200.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Prince JS, Duhamel DR, Levin DL, Harrell JH, Friedman PJ. Nonneoplastic lesions of the tracheobronchial wall: radiologic findings with bronchoscopic correlation. Radiographics 2002;22:S215–S230.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Braman SS, Grillo HC, Mark EJ. A 44-year-old man with tracheal narrowing and respiratory stridor. Massachusetts General Hospital Case Records, case 32–1999. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1292–1299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Choplin RH, Wehunt WD, Theros EG. Diffuse lesions of the trachea. Semin Roentgenol 1983;18:38–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Karakoc F, Karadag B, Akbenlioglu C, et al. Foreign body aspiration: what is the outcome? Pediatr tPulmonol 2002;34:30–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Oguz F, Citak A, Unuvar E, Sidal M. Airway foreign bodies in childhood. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2000:52:11–16.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Karen S. Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Phillip M. Boiselle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

    Phillip M. Boiselle MD

  2. Department of Radiology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO

    David A. Lynch MB

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Humana Press

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lee, K.S., Boiselle, P.M. (2008). Tracheal and Bronchial Neoplasms. In: Boiselle, P.M., Lynch, D.A. (eds) CT of the Airways. Contemporary Medical Imaging. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-139-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-139-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-848-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-139-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation