Abstract
One of the many successes provided by solid organ transplantation is restoration of sexual and reproductive function. These are two areas often given limited discussion, yet they are important elements of a normal life. This chapter will review published literature on sexuality and reproduction and provide guidelines for the counseling and management of patients before and after pregnancy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Anantharaman P, Schmidt. RJ. Sexual function in chronic kidney disease. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:119–125.
Palmer BF. Sexual dysfunction in uremia. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:1381–1388.
Raiz L, Davies EA, Ferguson. RM. Sexual functioning following renal transplantation. Health Soc Work. 2003;28:264–272.
Schover LR, Novick AC, Steinmuller DR, Goormastic. M. Sexuality, fertility, and renal transplantation: a survey of survivors. J Sex Marital Ther. 1990;16:3–13.
Saha MT, Saha HH, Niskanen LK, Salmela KT, Pasternack. AI. Time course of serum prolactin and sex hormones following successful renal transplantation. Nephron. 2002;92:735–737.
Lim VS, Henriquez C, Sievertsen G, Frohman. LA. Ovarian function in chronic renal failure: evidence suggesting hypothalamic anovulation. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:21–27.
Holley JL, Schmidt RJ, Bender FH, Dumler F, Schiff. M. Gynecologic and reproductive issues in women on dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;29:685–690.
Zeyneloglu HB, Oktem M, Durak. T. Male infertility after renal transplantation: achievement of pregnancy after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Transplant Proc. 2005;37:3081–3084.
Akbari F, Alavi M, Esteghamati A, Mehrsai A, Djaladat H, Zohrevand R, Pourmand. G. Effect of renal transplantation on sperm quality and sex hormone levels. BJU Int. 2003;92:281–283.
Tondolo V, Citterio F, Panocchia N, Nanni G, Castagneto. M. Sirolimus impairs improvement of the gonadal function after renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2005;5:197.
Tondolo V, Citterio F, Panocchia N, Nanni G, Favi E, Brescia A, Castagneto. M. Gonadal function and immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2005;37:1915–1917.
Fritsche L, Budde K, Dragun D, Einecke G, Diekmann F, Neumayer. HH. Testosterone concentrations and sirolimus in male renal transplant patients. Am J Transplant. 2004;4:130–131.
Kaczmarek I, Groetzner J, Adamidis I, Landwehr P, Mueller M, Vogeser M, Gerstorfer M, Uberfuhr P, Meiser B, Reichart. B. Sirolimus impairs gonadal function in heart transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2004;4:1084–1088.
Guazzelli CA, Torloni MR, Sanches TF, Barbieri M, Pestana. JO. Contraceptive counseling and use among 197 female kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2008;86:669–672.
Fischer MJ, Lehnerz SD, Hebert JR, Parikh. CR. Kidney disease is an independent risk factor for adverse fetal and maternal outcomes in pregnancy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;43:415–423.
McKay D, Josephson. M. Reproduction and Transplantation: report on the AST consensus conference on reproductive issues and transplantation. Am J Transplantation. 2005;5:1–8.
Josephson MA, McKay. DB. Considerations in the medical management of pregnancy in transplant recipients. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:156–167.
Estes CM, Westhoff. C. Contraception for the transplant patient. Semin Perinatol. 2007;31:372–377.
Davison JM, Bailey. DJ. Pregnancy following renal transplantation. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2003;29:227–233.
Reddy SS, Holley. JL. Management of the pregnant chronic dialysis patient. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:146–155.
McKay DB, Josephson. MA. Pregnancy in recipients of solid organs – effects on mother and child. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1281–1293.
22. Coscia LA, Constantinescu S, Moritz MJ, Radomski JS, Gaughan WJ, McGrory CH, Armenti. VT. Report from the National Transplantation Pregnancy Registry (NTPR): outcomes of pregnancy after transplantation. Clin Transpl 2007;29–42.
Sibanda N, Briggs JD, Davison JM, Johnson RJ, Rudge. CJ. Pregnancy after organ transplantation: a report from the UK Transplant pregnancy registry. Transplantation. 2007;83:1301–1307.
McKay DB, Josephson. MA. Pregnancy after kidney transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;3(Suppl 2):S117-S125.
del Mar Colon M, Hibbard. JU. Obstetric considerations in the management of pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:168–177.
Podymow T, August. P. Hypertension in pregnancy. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:178–190.
Umans JG. Medications during pregnancy: antihypertensives and immunosuppressives. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:191–198.
Baumwell S, Karumanchi. SA. Pre-eclampsia: clinical manifestations and molecular mechanisms. Nephron Clin Pract. 2007;106:c72-c81.
Stratta P, Canavese C, Giacchino F, Mesiano P, Quaglia M, Rossetti. M. Pregnancy in kidney transplantation: satisfactory outcomes and harsh realities. J Nephrol. 2003;16:792–806.
Morales J, Hernandez Poblete G, Andres A, Prieto C, Hernandez E, Rodicio. J. Uric acid handling, pregnancy and cyclosporin in renal transplant women. Nephron. 1990;56:97–98.
31. Mutter WP, Karumanchi. SA. Molecular mechanisms of preeclampsia. Microvasc Res 2008 Jan;75(1):1–8.
EBPG Expert group in renal transplantation. European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. Section IV. Long-term management of the transplant recipient. IV.10. Pregnancy in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002;17(Suppl 4):50–55.
Davison JM. Changes in renal function in early pregnancy in women with one kidney. Yale J Biol Med. 1978;51:347–349.
Katz AI, Davison JM, Hayslett JP, Singson E, Lindheimer. MD. Pregnancy in women with kidney disease. Kidney Int. 1980;18:192–206.
Fischer MJ. Chronic kidney disease and pregnancy: maternal and fetal outcomes. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007;14:132–145.
Ghanem ME, El-Baghdadi LA, Badawy AM, Bakr MA, Sobhe MA, Ghoneim MA. Pregnancy outcome after renal allograft transplantation: 15 years experience. Reprod Biol. 2005;121:178–181.
Oliveira LG, Sass N, Sato JL, Ozaki KS, Medina Pestana. JO. Pregnancy after renal transplantation – a five-yr single-center experience. Clin Transplant. 2007;21:301–304.
Ross DS, Dollard SC, Victor M, Sumartojo E, Cannon. MJ. The epidemiology and prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus infection and disease: activities of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Workgroup. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2006;15:224–229.
Ornoy A, Diav-Citrin. O. Fetal effects of primary and secondary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol. 2006;21:399–409.
Michaels MG. Treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus: where are we now?. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007;5:441–448.
Gardella C, Brown. ZA. Managing varicella zoster infection in pregnancy. Cleve Clin J Med. 2007;74:290–296.
Shiono Y, Mun HS, He N, Nakazaki Y, Fang H, Furuya M, Aosai F, Yano. A. Maternal-fetal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in interferon-gamma deficient pregnant mice. Parasitol Int. 2007;56:141–148.
Sifontis NM, Coscia LA, Constantinescu S, Lavelanet AF, Moritz MJ, Armenti. VT. Pregnancy outcomes in solid organ transplant recipients with exposure to mycophenolate mofetil or sirolimus. Transplantation. 2006;82:1698–1702.
LeRay C, Coulomb A, Elefant E, Frydman R, Audibert. F. Mycophenolate mofetil in pregnancy after renal transplantation: a case of major fetal malformations. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;103:1091–1094.
Stanley CW, Gottlieb R, Zager R, Eisenberg J, Richmond R, Moritz MJ, Armenti. VT. Developmental well-being in offspring of women receiving cyclosporine post-renal transplant. Transplant Proc. 1999;31:241–242.
Phillips DI. Programming of the stress response: a fundamental mechanism underlying the long-term effects of the fetal environment?. J Intern Med. 2007;261:453–460.
47. Neubauer AP, Voss W, Kattner. E. Outcome of extremely low birth weight survivors at school age: the influence of perinatal parameters on neurodevelopment. Eur J Pediatr 2008 Jan;167(1):87–95.
Phillips DI. External influences on the fetus and their long-term consequences. Lupus. 2006;15:794–800.
Saenger P, Czernichow P, Hughes I, Reiter. EO. Small for gestational age: short stature and beyond. Endocr Rev. 2007;28:219–251.
Schreuder M, Delemarre-van de Waal H, van Wijk A. Consequences of intrauterine growth restriction for the kidney. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2006;29:108–125.
51. Reyes L, Manalich. R. Long-term consequences of low birth weight. Kidney Int 2005;97(Suppl):s68–s77
Taylor HG, Minich N, Bangert B, Filipek PA, Hack. M. Long-term neuropsychological outcomes of very low birth weight: associations with early risks for periventricular brain insults. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2004;10:987–1004.
Gluckman PD, Hanson. MA. The consequences of being born small - an adaptive perspective. Horm Res 2006;65(Suppl 3):5–14.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Drugs the transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics1994;93:137–150.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag US
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pavlakis, M., McKay, D.B. (2010). Sexuality and Pregnancy Before and After Kidney Transplantation. In: McKay, D., Steinberg, S. (eds) Kidney Transplantation: A Guide to the Care of Kidney Transplant Recipients. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1690-7_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1690-7_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1689-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1690-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)