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Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology pp 372–386Cite as

Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells

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Definition

The disruptive approach of applying alkaline anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) in alkaline membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) potentially meets several of the challenges facing other approaches to low temperature fuel cells, including the otherwise high catalyst and fuel costs. Thus, the move to alkaline conditions at the electrodes opens the potential use of a range of low cost non-precious-metal catalysts, as opposed to the otherwise necessary use of platinum-group-metal (PGM) based catalysts. Further, it becomes possible to consider hydrogen fuels containing substantial amounts of impurities, whereas an acidic membrane approach (that in proton exchange membrane fuel cell s, PEMFCs) requires high-purity gases and PGM catalysts.

Introduction

The first entry in the AMFC area was published in 2005 [1], since when activity and interest have continued to increase steeply internationally. Zeng and Varcoe have recently reviewed the developing patent literature [2]. Some researchers have...

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Abbreviations

AEM:

Alkaline (anion) exchange membrane.

AFC:

Alkaline fuel cell

AMFC:

Alkaline membrane fuel cell (also known as APEMFC)

DMFC:

Direct methanol fuel cell

MEA:

Membrane electrode assembly

OCV:

Open circuit voltage

PEM:

Proton-exchange membrane

PEMFC:

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

QA:

Quaternary ammonium

RG-AEM:

Radiation-grafted alkaline (anion) exchange membrane

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Acknowledgment

We thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the United Kingdom for contracts with our team in the area of development of alkaline membrane technology for alkaline membrane fuel cells and associated electrical energy generation: GR/S60709/01, EP/F027524/1, EP/G009929/2 and EP/H025340/1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK

    Dr. Robert C. T. Slade, Jamie P. Kizewski, Simon D. Poynton, Rong Zeng & John R. Varcoe

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  1. Dr. Robert C. T. Slade
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  2. Jamie P. Kizewski
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  3. Simon D. Poynton
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  4. Rong Zeng
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  5. John R. Varcoe
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Correspondence to Robert C. T. Slade .

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  1. RAMTECH LIMITED, Larkspur, CA, USA

    Robert A. Meyers

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Slade, R.C.T., Kizewski, J.P., Poynton, S.D., Zeng, R., Varcoe, J.R. (2012). Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells. In: Meyers, R.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_154

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