Skip to main content

Corporate Governance Systems: Effects of Capital and Labor Market Congruency on Corporate Innovation and Global Competitiveness

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 1141 Accesses

Part of the book series: International Studies in Entrepreneurship ((ISEN,volume 26))

Abstract

Drawing on institutional economics, this article addresses how institutional congruence between capital and labor markets influences corporate governance systems, which, in turn, create differences in national corporate innovation and entrepreneurship systems and subsequently global competitiveness. We argue that such institutional congruence cultivates two ideal corporate governance systems. The first ideal type is the market-based system with transactional capital and external labor markets. This corporate governance system facilitates more explorative and revolutionary innovations. The second ideal type is the relationship-based governance system with relational capital and internal labor markets. This system facilitates more exploitative and evolutionary innovations. We wrap up by discussing how institutional adjustments are being pursued for each governance system because each type has advantages and disadvantages that require adjustments. Finally, we present implications that our congruence model suggests for global competitiveness, high-tech management, and public policy regarding national innovation systems.

This chapter has appeared in Journal of High Technology Management Research, 15 (2004) 293–315.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abernathy W, Utterback J (1978) Patterns of industrial innovation. Tech Rev 80:40–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen F (1993) Strategic management and financial markets. Strategic Manage J 14:11–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anchordoguy M (2000) Japan’s software industry: a failure of institutions? Res Policy 29:391–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aoki M (1988) Information, incentives, and bargaining in the Japanese economy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Aoki M, Patrick H, Sheard P (1994) The Japanese main bank systems: An introductory overview. In: Aoki M, Patrick H (eds) The Japanese main bank system: Its relevancy for developing and transforming economies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 3–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Bart CK (1988) New venture units: use them wisely to manage innovation. Sloan Manage Rev 29(4):35–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Baysinger BD, Hoskisson RE (1990) The composition of boards of directors and strategic control. Acad Manage Rev 15:72–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Benner MJ, Tushman ML (2002) Process management and technological innovation: a longitudinal study of the photography and paint industries. Admin Sci Quart 47:676–706

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benner MJ, Tushman ML (2003) Exploitation, exploration, and process management: the productivity dilemma revisited. Acad Manage Rev 28:238–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Berglof E (1990) Capital structure as a mechanism of control: a comparison of financial systems. In: Aoki M, Gustafsson B, Williamson OE (eds) The firm as a nexus of treaties. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Black BS (1997) Institutional investors and corporate governance: the case for institutional voice. In: Chew DH (ed) Studies in international corporate finance and governance systems. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 160–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Black BS, Gilson RJ (1998) Venture capital and the structure of capital markets: banks versus stock markets. J Finan Econ 47:243–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blair M (1995) Ownership and control: rethinking corporate governance for the twenty-first century. Brookings Institution, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogle JC (1999) Creating shareholder value for mutual fund shareholders. Corp Board 20(114):1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Chesbrough HW (1999) The organizational impact of technological change: a comparative theory of national institutional factors. Ind Corp Change 8:447–485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen C (1997) The innovator’s dilemma: when new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Coff R (1997) Human assets and management dilemmas: coping with hazards on the road to resource-based theory. Acad Manage Rev 22:374–402

    Google Scholar 

  • Cottrell T (1996) Standards and the arrested development of the Japanese microcomputer software industry. In: Mowery D (ed) The international computer software industry: a comparative study of industry evolution and structure (. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 131–164

    Google Scholar 

  • Dvorak P, Guth RA, Singer J, Zaun T (2001) Frayed by recession, Japan’s corporate ties are coming unraveled. Wall St J 1:A1

    Google Scholar 

  • Economist (1998) Business: wild careers. Economist 14:67

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards FR, Hubbard G (2000) The growth of institutional stock ownership: a promise unfulfilled. J Appl Corp Fin 13(3):92–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fama E, Jensen M (1983) Separation of ownership and control. J Law Econ 26:301–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Filatotchev I, Buck T, Zhukov V (2000) Downsizing in privatized firms in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. Acad Manage J 43(3):286–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Filatotchev I, Hoskisson RE, Buck T, Wright M (1996) Corporate restructuring in Russian privatizations: implications for U.S. investors. Calif Manage Rev 38(2):87–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster R, Kaplan S (2001) Creative destruction: why companies that are built to last underperform the market and how to successfully transform them. Currency Doubleday, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Francis J, Smith A (1995) Agency costs and innovation: some empirical evidence. J Acc Econ 19:383–409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gedajlovic E, Shapiro DM (2002) Ownership structure and firm profitability in Japan. Acad Manage J 45:565–575

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerlach ML (1992) Alliance capitalism: the social organization of Japanese business. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghemawat P, Costa RIJ (1993) The organizational tension between static and dynamic efficiency (special issue). Strategic Manage J 14:59–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilson RJ, Roe MJ (1998). Lifetime employment: labor peace and the evolution of Japanese corporate governance. Paper presented at the Sloan Project on Corporate Governance at Columbia Law School, May

    Google Scholar 

  • Gompers PA, Lerner J (1999) The venture capital cycle. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Groenewegen J (1997) Institutions of capitalism: American, European, and Japanese systems compared. J Econ Issues 31:333–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill CWL, Hitt MA, Hoskisson RE (1988) Declining U.S. competitiveness: reflections on a crisis. Acad Manage Exec 11(1):51–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirschman A (1970) Exit, voice, and loyalty. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Holmstrom B (1989) Agency costs and innovation. J Econ Behav Organ 12:305–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoshi, T. (1998). Understanding Japanese corporate governance. Paper presented at the Sloan Project on Corporate Governance at Columbia Law School, May

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoshi T, Kashyap A, Scharfstein D (1990) The role of banks in reducing the cost of financial distress in Japan. J Fin Econ 27:67–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoskisson RE, Busenitz LW (2002) Market uncertainty and learning distance in corporate entrepreneurship entry mode choice. In: Hitt MA, Ireland RD, Camp SM, Sexton DL (eds) Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 151–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoskisson RE, Hitt MA, Johnson RA, Grossman W (2002) Conflicting voices: the effects of ownership heterogeneity and internal governance on corporate strategy. Acad Manage J 45:697–716

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurry D, Miller A, Bowman EH (1992) Calls on high-technology: Japanese exploration of venture capital investments in the United States. Strategic Manage J 13:85–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imai KI, Itami H (1984) Interpenetration of organization and market. Int J Ind Organ 2:285–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imai Y, Kawagoe M (2000) Business start-ups in Japan: problems and policies. Oxford Rev Econ Policy 16(2):114–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen MC, Meckling WH (1976) Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. J Fin Econ 11:5–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jin D (2001) The dynamics of knowledge regimes: technology, culture and competitiveness in the USA and Japan. Continuum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson CA, Tyson LDA, Zysman J (1989) Politics and productivity: how Japan’s development strategy works. HarperBusiness, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston S, McAlevery L (1998) Stable shareholdings and Japan’s bubble economy: an historical overview. Strategic Manage J 19:1101–1107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kang JK, Shivdasani A, Yamada T (2000) The effect of bank relations on investment decisions: an investigation of Japanese takeover bids. J Fin 55:2197–2218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kang JK, Stulz RM (2000) Do banking shocks affect borrowing firm performance? An analysis of the Japanese experience. J Bus 73:1–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan SN (1997) Corporate governance and corporate performance: a comparison of Germany, Japan, and the U.S. In: Chew DH (ed) Studies in international corporate finance and governance systems. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 251–258

    Google Scholar 

  • Kester WC (1991) Japanese takeovers: the global contest for corporate control. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim H, Hoskisson RE (1997) Market (United States) versus managed (Japanese) governance. In: Keasey K, Thompson S, Wright M (eds) Corporate governance: economic, management, and financial issue. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 174–199

    Google Scholar 

  • Knack S, Keefer P (1997) Does social capital have an economic payoff? A cross-country investigation. Quart J Econ 112(4):1251–1288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kogut B, Zander U (1992) Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology. Organ Sci 3:383–397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kogut B, Zander U (1996) What firms do? Coordination, identity, and learning. Organ Sci 7(5):502–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levinthal DA, March JG (1993) The myopia of learning. Strategic Manage J 14:95–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lumpkin GT, Dess GG (1996) Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Acad Manage Rev 21:135–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Macey JM, Miller GP (1995) Corporate governance and commercial banking: a comparative examination of Germany, Japan, and the United States. Standford Law Rev 48(1):73–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madhok A (1997) Cost, value and foreign market entry mode: the transaction and the firm. Strategic Manage J 18:39–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mansfield E (1988) Industrial R&D in Japan and the United States: a comparative study. Am Econ Rev 78(2):223–228

    Google Scholar 

  • March JG (1991) Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organ Sci 2:71–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGuire J, Dow S (2003) The persistence and implications of Japanese keiretsu organization. J Int Bus Stud 34:374–388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milgrom P, Roberts J (1995) Complementarities and fit strategy, structure, and organizational change in manufacturing. J Acc Econ 19:179–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson RR (1998) The co-evolution of technology, industrial structure, and supporting institutions. In: Dosi G, Teece DJ, Chytry J (eds) Technology, organization, and competitiveness. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson RR, Rosenberg N (1993) Technical innovation and national systems. In: Nelson RR (ed) National innovation systems. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • North DC (1990) Institutions, institutional change, and economic performance. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pauly LW, Reich S (1997) National structures and multinational corporate behavior: enduring differences in the age of globalization. Int Organ 51(1):1–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter ME (1992) Capital disadvantages: America’s failing capital investment system. Harvard Bus Rev 62(3):65–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter ME (1996) Competitive advantage, agglomeration economies, and regional policy. Int Reg Sci Rev 19:85–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter ME (1997) Capital choices: changing the way America invests in industry. In: Chew DH (ed) Studies in international corporate finance and governance systems. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 5–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Pound J (1997) Raiders, targets, and politics: the history and future of American corporate control. In: Chew DH (ed) Studies in international corporate finance and governance systems. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 147–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Rappa MA (1985) Capital financing strategies of the Japanese semiconductor industry. Calif Manage Rev 27(2):85–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roe M (1994) Strong managers weak owners: the political roots of American corporate finance. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumpeter JA (1934) The theory of economic development: an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheard P (1994) Interlocking shareholdings and corporate governance. In: Aoki M, Dore R (eds) The Japanese firm: sources of competitive strength. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein J (1989) Efficient capital market, inefficient firms: a model of myopic corporate behavior. Quart J Econ 104(4):655–669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmetz G (1995) German venture capitalists see big lift from listing on Nasdaq market in U.S. Wall St J 27:C7

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinmuller E (1996) The US software industry: an analysis and interpretive history. In: Mowery D (ed) The international computer software industry: a comparative study of industry evolution and structure. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas LG, Waring G (1999) Competing capitalisms: capital investment in American, German, and Japanese firms. Strategic Manage J 20:729–748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tushman M, Anderson P (1986) Technological discontinuities and organizational environments. Admin Sci Quart 31:439–465

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tushman ML, O’Reilly CA (1996) Ambidextrous organizations: managing evolutionary and revolutionary change. Calif Manage Rev 38(4):8–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Useem M (1992) Investor capitalism: how money managers are changing the face of corporate America. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Utterback JM (1994) Mastering the dynamics of innovation: how companies can seize opportunities in the face of technological change. Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Watts RM (2001) Commercializing discontinuous innovations. Res Technol Manage 44(6):26–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Weingast BR (1993) Constitutions as governance structure: the political foundations for secure markets. J Inst Theor Econ 149:286–311

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheelwright SC, Clark KB (1992) Creating project plans to focus product development. Harvard Bus Rev 70(2):70–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson OE (1985) Economic institutions of capitalism. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright M, Hoskisson RE, Busenitz LW, Dial J (2000) Entrepreneurial growth through privatization: the upside of management buyouts. Acad Manage Rev 25:591–601

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright M, Kitamura M, Hoskisson RE (2003) Management buyouts and restructuring Japanese corporations. Long Range Plann 36(4):355–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshikawa T, Phan PH (2001) Alternative corporate governance systems in Japanese firms: implications for a shift to stockholder-centered corporate governance. Asia Pacific J Manage 18:183–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert E. Hoskisson .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hoskisson, R.E., Yiu, D., Kim, H. (2009). Corporate Governance Systems: Effects of Capital and Labor Market Congruency on Corporate Innovation and Global Competitiveness. In: Audretsch, D., Dagnino, G., Faraci, R., Hoskisson, R. (eds) New Frontiers in Entrepreneurship. International Studies in Entrepreneurship, vol 26. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0058-6_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics