The capacity of information generated from the Human Genome Project has significantly impacted our understanding of disease pathogenesis (Subramanian et al., 2001; Venter et al., 2001). These data, in combination with advances in molecular biology techniques, including cDNA microarrays and proteomics, have facilitated the identification of numerous molecular biomarkers that have contributed to the field of cancer biology (DeRisi et al., 1996). While cDNA microarrays produce an enormous amount of data from gene expression profiling of normal and disease samples, the technique lacks in situ identification and validation of these diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers in a wide array of human tissue specimens. The need for this type of high-throughput evaluation led to the development of the tissue microarray (TMA).
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Mumenthaler, S.M. et al. (2008). Tissue Microarrays: Construction and Utilization for Biomarker Studies. In: Hayat, M.A. (eds) Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy and Prognosis. Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy and Prognosis, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8369-3_17
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