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Ferdinand Freudenstein (1926–2006)

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Book cover Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science

Part of the book series: History of Mechanism and Machine Science ((HMMS,volume 1))

Abstract

Ferdinand Freudenstein is considered the father of modern kinematics in America. He made his mark early with his seminal PhD dissertation in which he developed what is known as Freudenstein’s Equation. During a long career at Columbia University, he and his students produced outstanding research results in every area of modern kinematics. At the time of his death there were over 500 academic descendents belonging to the Freudenstein family tree. His progeny are teachers in many different countries, and his research results have shaped the teaching and practice of mechanism and machine theory throughout the world.

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List of (Main) Works

  • Freudenstein, F., 1954. An Analytical Approach to the Design of Four-Link Mechanisms, ASME Trans., 76(3), April, pp. 483–492.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1955. Approximate Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkages, ASME Trans., 77(8), August, pp. 853–861.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and P. Calcaterra, 1955. Tracer-Type Instrument for Changing Scales in Two Mutually Perpendicular Directions, The Review of Scientific Instruments, 26(9), September, pp. 86–869.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1956. On the Maximum and Minimum Velocities and the Accelerations in Four-Link Mechanisms, ASME Trans., 78(4), May.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1957a. Five-Line Construction for a Computing Linkage Satisfying Five Precision Requirements, J. Appl. Mech, 24, December, pp. 621–622.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1957b. Erzeugung Ungleichfoermiger Umlaufbewegungen, VDI Forschungsheft, 461B, pp. 6–10.

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  • Freudenstein, F., K.L. Wartham, and A.B. Watrous, 1957. Designing Gear-Train Limit Stops, Machine Design, 29, May, pp. 84–86.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1958a. Angular Accuracy of Precision Spur Gears under No-Load Conditions, AGMA Publication #239.06, June 1958; also in Product Engineering, 29, June, pp. 70–77.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and K. Hain, 1958. Der Stand der Getriebesynthese im Schriftum des Englischen Sprachgebietes, Konstruktion, 10(11), pp. 454–458.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1958b. Four-Bar Function Generators, in Trans. Fifth Conf. Mechanisms, Purdue University; also Machine Design, 30, November, pp. 119–162.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1959a. Structural Error Analysis in Plane Kinematic Synthesis, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 81B, February, pp. 15–22.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1959b. Trends in the Kinematics of Mechanisms, Appl. Mech. Rev., September, feature article.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and G. N. Sandor, 1959. Synthesis of Path-Generating Mechanisms by Means of a Programmed Digital Computer, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 81B, pp. 159–168.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1959c. Harmonic Analysis of Crank-and-Rocker Mechanisms with Application, J. Appl. Mech, 26, December, pp. 673–675.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1960a. Equivalent Spring Mass for Simplified Analysis of Vibrating Spring Systems, Machine Design, 32(13), June, pp. 160–162.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1960b. On the Dynamics of High-Speed Cam Profiles, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1(4), pp. 342–349.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1960c. On the Cardan Positions of a Plane, in Trans. Sixth Conf. on Mechanisms, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, October 10–11, pp. 129–133.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and K. Mohan, 1961. Harmonic Analysis, Product Engineering, 32, March, pp. 47–50.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1961a. Automatic Computation in Mechanisms and Mechanical Networks; A Note on Curvature Theory, in Proc. Int. Conf. Teachers of Mechanisms, Yale Univ., March, The Shoestring Press, New Haven, CT, pp. 43–62.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and G. N. Sandor, 1961. On the Burmester Points of a Plane, J. Appl. Mech. Series E, 28, March, pp. 41–49; Discussion, September, pp. 373–375.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1961b. Kinematics of Parallelograms, Columbia Engineering Quarterly, March, pp. 16–19,39.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1961c. Bi-Variate, Rectangular, Optimum-Interval Interpolation, Math. Cornput, 15(75), July, pp. 288–291.

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  • Roth, B., F. Freudenstein and G. N. Sandor, 1962. Synthesis of Four-Link Path Generation Mechanisms with Optimum Transmission Characteristics, in Trans. Seventh Conf. Mechanisms, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, October 8–10, pp. 44–48.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1963. On the Variety of Motions Generated by Mechanisms, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 81B February, pp. 156–160.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose, 1963. Geared Five-Bar Motion-Part I: Gear Ratio Minus One, ASME Trans., J. Appl. Mech., 30E, June, pp. 161–169.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and B. Roth, 1963. Numerical Solution of Simultaneous Non-Linear Equations, J. Assoc. Computing Machinery, Vol. 10, #4, Oct. 1963, pp. 550–556.

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  • Primrose, E. J. F. and F. Freudenstein, 1963. Geared Five-Bar Motion-Part II. Arbitrary, Commensurate Gear Ratio, ASME Trans., J. Appl. Mech., 30E, June, pp. 170–175; Discussion, ibid., June 1964, pp. 360–362.

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  • Roth, B. and F. Freudenstein, 1963. Synthesis of Path-Generating Mechanisms by Numerical Methods, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 85B, August, pp. 298–306.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and G. N. Sandor, 1964. Kinematics of Mechanisms, in Machine Design and Mechanical Systems Handbook, H. Rothbart (Ed.), McGraw Hill Book, New York, NY, Section 4, pp. 1–68.

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  • Yang, A. T. and F. Freudenstein, 1964. Application of Dual-Number Quaternion Algebra to the Analysis of Spatial Mechanisms, ASME Trans., J. Appl. Mech, 31E, June, pp. 300–308; Discussion, ibid., March 1965, pp. 221–223.

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  • Primrose, E. J. F., F. Freudenstein and G. N. Sandor, 1964. Finite Burmester Theory in Plane Kinematics, ASME Trans. J. Appl. Mech., 31E, December, pp. 683–693.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1965a. Higher Path-Curvature Analysis in Plane Kinematics, ASME Trans. J. Engrg. Industry, 87B, May, pp. 184–190.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1965b. Kinematic Synthesis of a Rotary-to-Linear Recording Mechanism, J. Franklin Institute, 279(5), pp. 325–333.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1965c. On the Type Determination of Spherical Four-Bar Linkages, Invited Contribution in Contemporary Problems in the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, Volume published on the 60th birthday of Academician I. I. Artobolevskii, Acad. Sci., Moscow, pp. 193–196 [in Russian].

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  • Bottema, O. and F. Freudenstein, 1966. Kinematics and the Theory Of Mechanisms, Appl. Mech. Rev., 19(4), pp. 287–293; also in Appl. Mech. Surv., Spartan Books, Washington, DC, p. 8591.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and L. Dobrjanskyj, 1966. On a Theory for the Type Synthesis of Mechanisms, Invited Contribution, in Proc. Eleventh Int’l Congress of Applied Mechanics, Springer-Verlag, pp. 420–428.

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  • Philipp, R. E. and F. Freudenstein, 1966. Kinematic Synthesis of Two-Degree-of-Freedom Linkages, J. Mech., 1(1), January, pp. 9–21.

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  • McLarnan, C. W. and F. Freudenstein, 1966. Chain-Type Intermittent Motion Mechanisms, Ann. N.Y.Acad. Sci., 136, Art. 13, September, pp. 303–338.

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  • Dobrjanskyj, L. and F. Freudenstein, 1967. Some Applications of Graph Theory to the Structural Analysis of Mechanisms, ASME Trans., 89B, February, pp. 153–158.

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  • Sandor, G. N. and F. Freudenstein, 1967. Higher Order Plane Motion Theories in Kinematic Synthesis, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 89B, May, pp. 223–230.

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  • Primrose, E. J. F., F. Freudenstein and B. Roth, 1967. Six-Bar Motion (Part I: The Watt Mechanism; Part II: The Stephenson-1 and Stephenson-2 Mechanism; Part III: Extensions of the Six-Bar Techniques to 8-Bar and 2n-Bar Motion), Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 24(1), pp. 22–77.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1967a. Translation of chapter 18 in K. Hain’s Applied Kinematics, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1967b. The Basic Concepts of Polya’s Theory of Enumeration with Application to the Structural Classification of Mechanisms, J. Mech., 2(3), pp. 275–290.

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  • Freudenstein, F., J. Lorenzo, G. Chao and L. S. Woo, 1968. Computer-Aided Graphical Kinematic Synthesis, ASME Paper 60-Mech-37.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1968. An Elementary Derivation of the Displacement Equation of the Spherical Four-Bar Mechanisms, Mech. Engrg. News, 5(4), pp. 34–35.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and I. S. Kiss, 1969. Type Determination of Skew Four-Bar Mechanisms, ASME Trans. J. Engrg. Industry, 91B, February, pp. 220–224.

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  • Woo, L. S. and F. Freudenstein, 1969. On the Curves of Synthesis in Plane, Instantaneous Kinematics, in Proc. 12th Int’l Congress of Applied Mechanics, Springer-Verlag, pp. 400–414.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose 1969. Spatial Motion in Mechanisms with Four or Fewer Links, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 91B, February, pp. 103–114.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and L. S. Woo, 1969. Kinematics of the Human Knee Joint, Bull. Math. Biophys., 31(2), pp. 225–232.

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  • Freudenstein, F., O. Bottema and T. Koetsier, 1969. Finite, Conic-Section Burmester Theory, J.Mech., 4, pp. 359–373.

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  • Freudenstein, F., V. Vitagliano, L. S. Woo and G. Chao, 1969. Dynamic Response of Mechanical Systems, in Proc. CSSL Conf., San Francisco, June.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1970. Dynamic Analysis of Long-Travel, High-Frequency Shock Absorbers in Freight Cars, ASME Trans., 92B, pp. 581–589.

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  • Wallace, D. M. and F. Freudenstein, 1970. Displacement Analysis Of The Generalized Tracta Coupling, J. Appl. Mech, 37E(3), pp. 712–719.

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  • Buchsbaum, F. and F. Freudenstein, 1970. Synthesis of Kinematic Structure of Geared Kinematic Chains and Other Mechanisms, J. Mech., 5, pp. 357–392.

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  • Woo, L. S. and F. Freudenstein, Application of Line Geometry to Theoretical Kinematics and the Kinematic Analysis of Mechanical Systems, J. Mech., 5, pp. 417–460.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1971. An Application of Boolean Algebra to the Motion of Epicyclic Drives, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 93B, February, pp. 176–182.

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  • Yuan, M. S. C. and F. Freudenstein, 1971. Kinematic Analysis of Spatial Mechanisms by Means of Screw Coordinates (Part 1-Screw Coordinates; Part 2-Analysis of Spatial Mechanisms (with L.S. Woo)), ibid., pp. 61–73.

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  • Woo, L. S. and F. Freudenstein, 1971. Dynamic Analysis Of Mechanisms Using Screw Coordinates, ibid., pp. 273–276.

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  • Dubowsky, S. and F. Freudenstein, 1971. Dynamical Analysis of Mechanical Systems with Clearances (2 parts), ibid., pp. 305–316.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1971. Vibration, in Stock Drive Products Handbook of Commercial Drive Component, pp. T126–T181.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1972. Vibration Basics-A Review of Causes and Cures, Specifying Engineer, 27(2), Section vl, pp. 1–12.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and A. T. Yang, 1972. Kinematics and Statics of a Coupled Epicyclic Spur-Gear Train, J. Mech., 7, pp. 263–275.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose, 1972. The Classical Transmission-Angle Problem, in Proc. Conf. on Mechanisms, Inst. Mech. Engrs. (London), pp. 105–110.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1973a. Kinematics: Past, Present and Future, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 8, pp. 151–160.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1973b. Quasi Lumped-Parameter Analysis Of Dynamical Systems, in Proc. 3rd Appl. Mech. Conference, Oklahoma Univ., November, Section 27, pp. 1–4.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. Soylemez, 1973. Kinematic Design of Tone-Arm Articulation For Minimum Tracking Error in Automatic Turntables, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 8(4), pp. 517–532.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and C. W McLarnan, 1973. Guidance of a Rigid Body in a Fixed Track, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 95B, pp. 558–562.

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  • Yang, A. T. and F. Freudenstein, 1973. Mechanics of Epicyclic Bevel Gear Trains, ibid., pp. 497–502.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and F. Buchsbaum, 1973. On a Class of Cam-Type Angular Motion Compensators, ibid., pp. 487–496.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1974. Technical Section on Synchronous Drives, in Handbook of Synchronous Drive Components, Stock Drive Products, New Hyde Park, NY, pp. T41–T52.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and L. S. Woo, 1974. Kinematic Structure of Mechanisms, in Basic Questions of Design Theory, North-Holland, pp. 241–264.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. Soylemez, 1975. On the Motion of a Set of Spheres between Two Parallel Planes, Trans. ASME, 97B, pp. 294–302.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and R. Longman, 1975. Stability of Lifting Rigs (2 parts), ASME Trans., 97B, pp. 532–541.

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  • Wallace, D. M. and F. Freudenstein, 1975. Displacement Analysis of the Generalized Clemens Coupling, ASME Trans., 97B, pp. 575–580.

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  • Pamidi, P. R. and F. Freudenstein, 1975, On the Motion of a Class of Five-Link, R-C-R-C-R, Spatial Mechanisms, Trans. ASME, 97B, pp. 334–339.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and R. Alizade, 1975, On the Degree of Freedom of Mechanisms with Variable General Constraint, in Proc. 4th World Congress on the Theory of Mechanisms and Machines, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, September, Vol. 1, pp. 51–56.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose, 1975. On the Synthesis of Closed, Twin, Noncircular, Cylindrical Gears, ibid., pp. 93–96.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1975. Cardanic Motion, General Lecture, ibid., 10 pp.

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  • F. Freudenstein, E. J. F. Primrose, S. Ray and B. Laks, 1976. Velocity Fluctuation in Four-Bar Linkages and Slider Crank Mechanisms, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 98B, pp. 1255–1259.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose, 1976. On the Criteria for the Rotatability of the Cranks of a Skew Four-Bar Linkage, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 98B, pp. 1265–1268.

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  • Lee, T. W. and F. Freudenstein, 1976. Heuristic Combinatorial Optimization in the Kinematic Design of Mechanisms, Part I-Theory; Part II-Applications, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 98B, November, pp. 1277–1284.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1976a. Technical Section on Timing Belts, in Handbook of Minipitch Timing Belts, Stock Drive Products, New Hyde Park, NY.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1976b. On a Class of Chebyshev-Like Polynomials in the Synthesis of Mechanisms, Invited contribution in Theory of Machines and Mechanisms (on the 70th birthday of I.I. Artobolevskii), Akad. Nauk U.S.S.R., Moscow, pp. 215–220 [in Russian].

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  • Alizade, R. A., F. Freudenstein and P. R. Pamidi, 1976. Optimum Path Generation by Means of the Skew Four-Bar Linkage, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 11(4), pp. 295–302.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1977a. Kinematic Structure: A Unifying Concept, in Proc. Workshop on New Directions in Kinematic Research, Stanford University, pp. 33–36.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. Soylemez, 1977. The Multiport Lever: A Mechanical Logical Element, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 99B, pp. 353–359.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1977b. Discussion on V. Milenkovic’s “A New Constant-Velocity Coupling&#201D, ASME Trans., J. Engrg. Industry, 99B, pp. 373–375.

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  • Lee, T. W. and F. Freudenstein, 1978. Design of Geared Five-Bar Mechanisms for Unlimited Crank Rotations and Optimum Transmission, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 13(2), pp. 235–244.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1978. Optimum Force Transmission from a Four-Bar Linkage, Product Engrg., 49(1), pp. 45–47.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and M. S. Chew, 1979. Optimization of Crank-and-Rocker Linkages with Size and Transmission Constraints, ASME Trans., J. Mech. Design, 101(1), pp. 51–57.

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  • Funabashi, H. and F. Freudenstein, 1979. Performance Criteria for High-Speed Crank-and-Rocker Linkages-Part I: Plane Crank-and-Rocker Linkages; Part II: Spherical Crank-and-Rocker Linkages, Trans. ASME, J. Mech. Design, 101(1), pp. 20–31.

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  • Datseris, P. and F. Freudenstein, 1979. Optimum Synthesis of Mechanisms Using Heuristics for Decomposition and Search, Trans. ASME, J. Mech. Design, 101, July, pp. 380–385.

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  • Berzak, Nir and F. Freudenstein, 1979. Optimization Criteria in Polydyne Cam Design, in Proc. Fifth World Congress in Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, ASME, Vol. II, pp. 1303–1306.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. R. Maki, 1979. Creation of Mechanisms According to Kinematic Structure and Function, Environm. Planning B, 6, pp. 375–391.

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  • Soylemez, E and F. Freudenstein, 1980. The Generalized Yale Lock-A Versatile Logical Element, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 15, pp. 103–113.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose, 1981. On the Ball Point Associated with the Finite Coplanar Displacements of a Rigid Body, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 16(4), pp. 267–275.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and R. Soares, 1980. A Spatial Crank-and-Rocker Motion with Double-Cycle Output Motion, VDI-Forschungsheft, 597, ”Erzeugung von Rastperioden Durch Gelenkgetriebe” pp. 15–19.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1980. Book Review of B. Paul’s “Kinematic and Dynamics of Planar Machinery”, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 15, p. 145.

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  • Aizade, R., I. G. Novruzebekov, F. Freudenstein and G. N. Sandor, 1980. Optimum Synthesis of Planar Spatial Slider-Crank Mechanisms, Zhurnal Machinovedinie, 1 [in Russian].

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  • Freudenstein, F., J. P. Macey and E. R. Maki, 1981. Optimum Balancing of Combined Pitching and Yawing Movement in High Speed Machinery, Trans. ASME, J. Mech. Design, 103, pp. 571–577.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1981. Current Trends in the Design of Mechanisms, Trans. ASME, J. Mech. Design, 103, p. 549.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1982. Articles on “Mechanism” and “Four-Bar Linkages”, in Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 5th edition, McGraw Hill, April, pp. 289–292, pp. 683–685.

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  • Soylemez, E. and F. Freudenstein, 1982. Transmission Optimization of Spatial Four-Link Mechanisms, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 17(4), pp. 263–283.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and M. Mayourian, 1982. On the Algorithms for the Minimization of Gear-Train Inertia, Comput. Engrg., ASME, pp. 199–202.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and R. Maki, 1983. Development of an Optimum Variable-Stroke Internal-Combustion Engine Mechanism from the Viewpoint of Kinematic Structure, Trans. ASME, J. Mech, Trans. Automation Design, 105, pp. 259–266.

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  • Gill, G. S. and F. Freudenstein, 1983. Minimization of Inertia-Induced Forces in Spherical Four Bar Linkages-Parts I, II, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 105, Pt. I: pp. 471–477; Pt. II: pp. 478–483.

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  • Chew, M. S., F. Freudenstein and R. W. Longman, 1983. Application of Optimal-Control Theory to the Synthesis of High-Speed Cam-Follower Systems-Parts I, II, Trans. ASME, J. Mech, Trans. Automation Design, 105, Pt. 1: pp. 576–584; Pt. 2, pp. 585–591.

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  • Pisano, A. and F. Freudenstein, 1983. An Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Dynamic Response of High-Speed Cam-Follower Systems-Parts I, II, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 105, Pt. 1: pp. 692–698; Pt. 2: pp. 699–704.

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  • Freudenstein, F., E. R. Maki and M. Mayourian, 1983. Energy Efficient Cam-Follower Systems, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 105, pp. 681–685.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1983. Design and Application of Small Standardized Components, Vol. 2, Coauthor and Coeditor, Stock Drive Products, New Hyde Park, NY, 784 pp.

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  • Freudenstein, F., L. W. Tsai and E.R. Maki, 1984. The Generalized Oldham Coupling, Trans. ASME, J. Mech, Trans. Automation Design, 106, pp. 475–481.

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  • Mayourian, M. and F. Freudenstein, 1984. The Development of an Atlas of the Kinematic Structures of Mechanism, ibid., pp. 458–461.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. R. Maki, 1984. Kinematic Structure of Mechanisms for Fixed and Variable-Stroke Axial Piston Reciprocating Machines, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 106, pp. 355–364.

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  • Freudenstein, F., R. W. Longman and C. K. Chen, 1984. Kinematic Analysis of Robotic Bevel Gear Trains, ibid., pp. 371–375; reprinted in Gear Technology, November-December, 1986, pp. 8–13, 48.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and E. J. F. Primrose, 1984. On the Analysis and Synthesis of the Workspace of a Three-Link, Turning-Pair Connected Robot Arm, ibid., pp. 365–370.

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  • Fischer, I.S. and F. Freudenstein, 1984. Internal Force and Moment Transmission in a Cardan Joint with Manufacturing Tolerances, ibid., pp. 301–311.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1984. Machine Dynamics: Some Thoughts on Research Initiatives, ibid., pp. 264–266.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1985. Pins and Slots Adjust Wrench Grip, Machine Design, January, p. 55.

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  • Lin, C.-C.D. and F. Freudenstein, 1986. Optimization of the Workspace of a Three-Link Turning Pair Connected Robot Arm, Int. J. Robotics Res., 5(2), pp. 104–111.

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  • Chen, C. K. and F. Freudenstein, 1986. Dynamic Analysis of a Universal Joint with Manufacturing Tolerances, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 108, pp. 524–532.

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  • Sohn, W. and F. Freudenstein, 1986. An Application of Dual Graphs to the Automatic Generation of Mechanisms, ibid., pp. 391–397.

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  • Hanachi, S. and F. Freudenstein, 1986, The Development of a Predictive Model for the Optimization of High-Speed Cam-Follower Systems with Coulomb Damping, Internal Friction, Elastic and Fluidic Elements, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 108, pp. 506–515.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1986. On a Computationally Efficient Microcomputer Kinematic Analysis of the Basic Linkage Mechanisms, J. Mech. Mach. Theory, 21(6), pp. 467–472.

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  • Fang, W. E. and F. Freudenstein, 1986. The Stratified Representation of Mechanisms, in Trends and Developments in Mechanisms, Machines and Robotics, Vol. 1, A. Midha (Ed.), ASME, New York, pp. 115–124.

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  • Freudenstein, F., 1986. The Development of a Plier-Wrench with Parallel-Jaw Movement, ibid., pp. 343–348.

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  • Freudenstein, F. and C. K. Chen, 1986. Variable-Ratio Chain Drives with Noncircular Sprockets and Minimum Slack, ibid., Vol. bd2, pp. 263–272; also ASMETrans., 113, 1991, pp. 253–262.

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  • Freudenstein, F., R. Maki and L. W. Tsai, 1988. The Synthesis and Analysis of Variable-Valve-Timing Mechanisms for Internal-Combustion Engines, Tech. Paper # 880387, Soc. of Automotive Engineers.

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  • Chen, C. K. and F. Freudenstein, 1988. Towards a More Exact Kinematics of Roller Chain Drives, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 110(3), pp. 269–275.

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  • Tsai, L. W. and F. Freudenstein, 1989. On the Conceptual Design of a Novel Class of Robot Configurations, Trans. ASME, J. Mech., Trans. Automation Design, 111, March, pp. 47–53.

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Patents and Invention Disclosures

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  • Spherical Variable-Speed Transmission, with L. S. Woo, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, 13(12), 1971, pp. 3597–3598.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Bernard Roth

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  1. University of Cassino, Italy

    Marco Ceccarelli

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Roth, B. (2007). Ferdinand Freudenstein (1926–2006). In: Ceccarelli, M. (eds) Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science. History of Mechanism and Machine Science, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6366-4_7

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