Long-Term Morbidity of PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome, economic burden, healthcare cost, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, endometrial cancer The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) results in a number of immediate and long-term morbidities that are associated with a significant impact on quality of life and on economic costs. Immediate morbidities include menstrual dysfunction and abnormal uterine bleeding, subfertility and infertility, and androgen excess-related dermatologic abnormalities including hirsutism, acne, and androgenic alopecia, and an increased risk of obstetrical complications such as pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes. However, PCOS is also associated with an increased risk of various other long-term complications or morbidities including cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the metabolic syndrome (MS), and possibly cardiovascular disease (CVD).