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Assembly of Postsynaptic Protein Complexes in Glutamatergic Synapses

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Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis

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1. Summary

Formation of postsynaptic specializations requires the positioning of a huge macromolecular complex, the postsynaptic density, at the tip of the dendritic spine. Assembly of this protein complex is enabled by tight control of intra- and intermolecular interactions between PSD scaffold proteins. In parallel, rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton are necessary to generate a spine and bring it into its mature form. Actin treadmilling in spines is controlled by small GTPases of the rho family via a range of downstream effectors, including PAK, WAVE, and IRSp53 proteins. Aberrant spine formation is a hallmark of the pathology of inherited forms of mental retardation (MR), and proteins of the rho G-protein cycle are mutated in specific forms of MR. In addition, the loss of the RNA-binding protein FMRP in patients suffering from fragile X MR syndrome suggests that translational control at or near synapses may also contribute to the correct assembly of the postsynaptic apparatus.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany

    Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp

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  1. Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp
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  1. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 52 Martinistrasse, Hamburg, 20246, Germany

    Alexander Dityatev

  2. University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 2A1

    Alaa El-Husseini

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Kreienkamp, HJ. (2006). Assembly of Postsynaptic Protein Complexes in Glutamatergic Synapses. In: Dityatev, A., El-Husseini, A. (eds) Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis. Springer, Boston, MA . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-32562-0_18

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