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Pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever virus in mosquitoes — tracheal conduits & the basal lamina as an extra-cellular barrier

  • Conference paper
Infectious Diseases from Nature: Mechanisms of Viral Emergence and Persistence

Summary

Knowledge of the fate of an arbovirus in a mosquito is fundamental to understanding the mosquito’s competence to transmit the virus. When a competent mosquito ingests viremic vertebrate blood, virus infects midgut epithelial cells and replicates, then disseminates to other tissues, including salivary glands and/or ovaries. The virus is then transmitted to the next vertebrate host horizontally via bite and/or vertically to the mosquito’s offspring. Not all mosquitoes that ingest virus become infected or, if infected, transmit virus. Several “barriers” to arbovirus passage, and ultimately transmission, have been identified in incompetent or partially competent mosquitoes, including, among others, gut escape barriers and salivary gland infection barriers. The extra-cellular basal lamina around the midgut epithelium and the basal lamina that surrounds the salivary glands may act as such barriers. Midgut basal lamina pore sizes are significantly smaller than arboviruses and ultrastructural evidence suggests that midgut tracheae and tracheoles may provide a means for viruses to circumvent this barrier. Further, immunocytochemical evidence indicates the existence of a salivary gland infection barrier in Anopheles stephensi. The basal lamina may prevent access to mosquito cell surface virus receptors and help explain why anopheline mosquitoes are relatively incompetent arbovirus transmitters when compared to culicines.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701

    Dr. W. S. Romoser & M. Neira

  2. U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland

    M. J. Turell, D. Dohm, G. Ludwig & L. Wasieloski

  3. Department of Entomology, U.S. Army Medical Component (USAMC), Armed Forces Institute of Medical Research (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand

    K. Lerdthusnee

Authors
  1. Dr. W. S. Romoser
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  2. M. J. Turell
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  3. K. Lerdthusnee
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  4. M. Neira
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  5. D. Dohm
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  6. G. Ludwig
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  7. L. Wasieloski
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas, Galveston, USA

    C. J. Peters

  2. Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA

    Charles H. Calisher

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© 2005 Springer-Verlag/Wien

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Romoser, W.S. et al. (2005). Pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever virus in mosquitoes — tracheal conduits & the basal lamina as an extra-cellular barrier. In: Peters, C.J., Calisher, C.H. (eds) Infectious Diseases from Nature: Mechanisms of Viral Emergence and Persistence. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-29981-5_8

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