Abstract
Almost two decades subsequent to the discovery of p53, two homologues p63 and p73 were revealed. Much excitement erupted in the p53 field due to the fact that these genes bear significant homology to p53 primarily in the DNA binding domain. Although the structure of these genes is quite complex, p63 and p73 have been shown to have similar functions to p53 transcriptionally activating a number of known p53 target genes. In mouse models deficient for p63 and p73, developmental roles for these genes have been unveiled. To date, no clear evidence has shown that these genes have tumor suppressive functions similar to those seen for p53, but p63 and p73 have been shown to play a role in apoptosis, an important antitumorigenic pathway. A previously unrecognized connection between p53 and its family members has recently been revealed. p53 depends on p63 and p73 for the induction of apoptosis in response to DNA damage. These new p53 family members appear to be necessary for p53 to bind to DNA and transactivate target genes involved in the apoptotic response. While p63 and p73 were only recently discovered, many new functions of these genes have been found that have important implications for the p53 pathway and cancer therapy.
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Flores, E.R., Jacks, T. (2005). p53 Family Members: p63 and p73. In: Zambetti, G.P. (eds) The p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway and Cancer. Protein Reviews, vol 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30127-5_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30127-5_8
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