Abstract
The Suri/Huacaya phenotype inheritance in alpaca was tested on two independent Peruvian sources of records: the Registry of Mallkini farm (588 offspring by Suri sire × Suri dam from 62 paternal half sib families, and 2,126 offspring by Huacaya sire × Huacaya dam from 177 paternal half sib families) and the results of the Quimsachata INIA ILPA Puno experimental trial (two reciprocal experimental test-crosses, involving a total of 17 unrelated males and 149 unrelated females). The data support a genetic model in which two linked loci must simultaneously be homozygous for recessive alleles in order to produce the Huacaya phenotype. The estimated recombination rate between these loci was 0.099 (95% C.L. = 0.029-0.204). The birth of 3 Suri offspring from Huacaya × Huacaya mating is explained by a new dominant mutation on some germinal lines of Huacaya animals. The direct mutation rate can be estimated at 0.0014.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Andresen E., 1974. The effect of ascertainment by truncate selection on segregation ratios. Proceedings 1st World Congress Genetic Applied Livestock Production, Madrid, Spain, pp. 111–114.
Baychelier P., 2000. Suri and Huacaya: Two Alleles or Two Genes? Proc. Australian Alpaca Ass. Nat. Conf., Canberra, Australia, pp 79–85.
Bryson W.G., D.P. Harland, J.P. Caldwell, J.A. Vernon, R.J. Walls, J.L. Woods, S. Nagase, T. Itou and K. Koike, 2009. Cortical cell types and intermediate filament arrangements correlate with fiber curvature in Japanese human hair. Journal of Structural Biology, 166: 46–58.
Cadieu E, M.W. Neff, P. Quignon, K. Walsh, K. Chase, H.G. Parker, B.M.VonHoldt, A. Rhue, A. Boyko, A. Byers, A. Wong, D.S. Mosher, A.G. Elkahloun, T.C. Spady, C. Andre, K.G. Lark, M. Cargill, C.D. Bustamante, R.K. Wayne and E.A. Ostrander, 2009. Coat variation in the domestic dog is governed by variants in three genes. Science, 326: 150–153.
Carmichael I. and G.J. Judson, 1997. Phenotypes resulting from Huacaya by Huacaya, Suri by Huacaya and Suri by Sury Alpaca crossings. Proceedings of the International Alpaca Industry Seminar, Sydney, Australia, pp. 11–13.
Drogemuller C., S. Rufenacht, B. Wichert and T. Leeb, 2007. Mutations within the FGF5 gene are associated with hair length in cats. Animal Genetics, 38: 218–221. Dunn L.C., 1937. Caracul, a dominant mutation. Journal of Heredity, 28: 334–334.
Housley D.J. and P.J. Venta, 2006. The long and the short of it: evidence that FGF5 is a major determinant of canine ‘hair’-itability. Animal Genetics, 37: 309–315.
Hynd P.I., N.M. Edwards, M. Hebart, M. McDowall and S. Clark, 2009. Wool fibre crimp is determined by mitotic asymmetry and position of final keratinisation and not ortho- and para-cortical cell segmentation. Animal, 3: 838–843.
Kehler J.S., V.A. David, A.A. Schaffer, K. Bajema, E. Eizirik, D.K. Ryugo, S.S. Hannah, S.J. O’Brien and M. Menotti- Raymond, 2007. Four independent mutations in the feline fibroblast growth factor 5 gene determine the long-haired phenotype in domestic cats. Journal of Heredity, 98: 555–566.
Komi-Kuramochi A., M. Kawano, Y. Oda, M. Asada, M. Suzuki, J. Oki, T. Imamura, 2005. Expression of fibroblast growth factors and their receptors during full-thickness skin wound healing in young and aged mice. Journal of Endocrinology, 186: 273–289.
Li S.W., H.S. Ouyang, G.E. Rogers and C.S. Bawden, 2009. Characterization of the structural and molecular defects in fibres and follicles of the Merino felting lustre mutant. Experimental Dermatology, 18: 134–142.
Mulsant P., H. Rochambeau and R.G. Thébault, 2004. A note on the linkage between the angora and FGF5 genes in rabbits. World Rabbit Science, 12: 1–6.
Nagorcka B.N. and D.L. Adelson, 1992. The reaction–diffusion system as a determinant of wool fibre diameter, follicle density and fibre diameter distribution. Wool technology and sheep breeding, XL: 47–51.
Nakatake Y., M. Hoshikawa, T. Asaki, Y. Kassai and N. Itoh, 2001. Identification of a novel fibroblast growth factor, FGF-22, preferentially expressed in the inner root sheath of the hair follicle. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1517: 460–463.
Ponzoni R.W., D.J. Hubbard, R.V. Kenyon, C.D. Tuckwell, B.A. McGregor, A. Howse, I. Carmichael and G.J. Judson, 1998. Phenotypes resulting from Huacaya by Huacaya, Suri by Huacaya and Suri by Suri alpaca crossings. Tech. Rep. for Australian Alpaca Assoc. 4 pp.
Presciuttini S., A. Valbonesi, N. Apaza, M. Antonini, T. Huanca and C. Renieri, 2010. Fleece variation in alpaca (Vicugna pacos): a two-locus model for the Suri/Huacaya phenotype. BMC Genetics, 11: 70.
Renieri C., A. Valbonesi, V. La Manna, M. Antonini and M. Asparrin, 2009. Inheritance of Suri and Huacaya type of fleece in alpaca. Italian J. Animal Science, 8: 83–91.
Runkel F., M. Klaften, K. Koch, V. Bohnert, H. Bussow, H. Fuchs, T. Franz and M. Hrabe de Angelis, 2006. Morphologic and molecular characterization of two novel Krt71 (Krt2-6 g) mutations: Krt71rco12 and Krt71rco13. Mammalian Genome, 17: 1172–1182.
Sambrook J. and D.W. Russell, 2001. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 3 rd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, NY, USA, 999 pp.
Shimomura Y., M. Wajid, L. Petukhova, M. Kurban and A.M. Christiano, 2010. Autosomal-dominant woolly hair resulting from disruption of keratin 74 (KRT74), a potential determinant of human hair texture. American Journal of Human Genetics, 86: 632–638.
Sponenberg P., 2010. Suri and huacaya alpaca breeding results in North America. Small Ruminant Research, 93: 210–212.
Suzuki S., Ota Y., K. Ozawa and T. Imamura, 2000. Dual-mode regulation of hair growth cycle by two Fgf-5 gene products. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 114: 456–463.
Thibaut S. and B.A. Bernard, 2005. The biology of hair shape. International Journal of Dermatology, 44 Suppl 1: 2–3.
Umemori H., M.W. Linhoff, D.M. Ornitz and J.R. Sanes, 2004. FGF22 and Its Close Relatives Are Presynaptic Organizing Molecules in the Mammalian Brain. Cell, 118: 257–270.
Van Steensel M.A., M. van Geel and P.M. Steiljen, 2001. The molecular basis of hair growth. European Journal of Dermatology, 11: 348–352.
Velasco J., 1980. Mejoramiento Genetico de Alpacas. Anales III Reunion Cientifica Animal. Soc. Peruana de Prod. Anim., Lima, Peru.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Wageningen Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Renieri, C. et al. (2011). Suri/Huacaya phenotype inheritance in alpaca (Vicugna pacos) . In: Pérez-Cabal, M.Á., Gutiérrez, J.P., Cervantes, I., Alcalde, M.J. (eds) Fibre production in South American camelids and other fibre animals. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen. https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-727-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-727-1_2
Publisher Name: Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen
Online ISBN: 978-90-8686-727-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)