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Alternative Methods for Amplified Nucleic Acid Testing

  • Chapter
Molecular Diagnostics

Abstract

Molecular pathology is a relatively new division of laboratory medicine that detects, characterizes, and/or quantifies nucleic acids to assist in the diagnosis of human disease. Molecular assays augment classical areas of laboratory medicine by pro– viding additional diagnostic data either in a more expeditious manner or by providing results that would not be obtainable using standard methodologies. For these reasons, molecular pathology is the most rapidly growing area in laboratory medi– cine. Molecular pathology can be categorized into five subdivi– sions that specialize in the diagnosis of diseases or conditions associated with (1) hematology/oncology, (2) solid tumors, (3) genetics, (4) pharmacogenetics, and (5) infectious diseases. Based on test volume, detection, and characterization of infec– tious diseases is currently the dominant subdivision of molecu– lar pathology and is projected to continue to dominate the other areas of molecular pathology for the next several years. Molecular methods used for detecting infectious agents have several advantages when compared to classical microbiology approaches. Molecular methods are highly sensitive and, there– fore, can detect minute amounts of infectious agents. Because these methods generally do not require growth in culture media, various bacteria, viruses, and fungi, which are difficult or impossible to culture, can be readily identified (1–8). In addition, the sensitivity of these methods can allow the analysis of nonviable infectious agents (i.e., permitting the analysis of archived formalin-fixed tissue). The viral load and genotype of certain infectious agents that can facilitate treatment protocols can also be determined. These advantages are some of the rea– sons why infectious diseases are dominating the area of Clinical Molecular Pathology. As a result, these new molecular method– ologies have placed the highest priority on the ability to equally detect and quantify genetic variants of various infectious agents.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Otolaryngology, Division of Molecular Diagnostics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX

    Deborah A. Payne PhD, CLSp(MB), CLSDir(NCA)

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX

    Laurie E. Sower PhD

Authors
  1. Deborah A. Payne PhD, CLSp(MB), CLSDir(NCA)
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  2. Laurie E. Sower PhD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    William B. Coleman

  2. Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA

    Gregory J. Tsongalis

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© 2006 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Payne, D.A., Sower, L.E. (2006). Alternative Methods for Amplified Nucleic Acid Testing. In: Coleman, W.B., Tsongalis, G.J. (eds) Molecular Diagnostics. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-928-1:075

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-928-1:075

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-356-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-928-8

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