Abstract
In monolayers of synthetic mixtures of phospholipids, sphingolipids, and free cholesterol (FC), the spontaneous formation of FC/sphingolipid-rich domains has been shown (Dietrich et al., 2001, 2002). Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that comparable structures are present in the plasma membranes of living cells (Anderson, 1998; Smart, et al, 1999; Simons and Toomre, 2000; Fielding and Fielding, 2000; Parton, 2003). Because of their lipid composition, FC/sphingolipid-rich membrane domains are insoluble in nonionic detergents (Brown and London, 1998) and on this basis have been purified, together with a characteristic pattern of associated proteins. Flotation of the plasma membrane fraction in the absence of detergent purifies a similar FC/sphingolipid-rich fraction (Smart et al., 1996). More recently, it has become clear that two distinct and nonconvertible kinds of FC/sphingolipid-rich microdomains (lipid rafts and caveolae) (Iwabuchi et al., 1998; Abrami et al., 2001; Sowa et al., 2001) are present in both types of preparations. The two classes are increasingly recognized to play divergent roles at the cell surface.
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Fielding, C.J. (2005). Role of Cholesterol in Membrane Microdomain Signaling. In: Mattson, M.P. (eds) Membrane Microdomain Signaling. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-803-X:071
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