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Principles of Chemical Sensors pp 13–50Cite as

Selectivity

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Abstract

In Chapter 1, we began the discussion of selectivity. In brief review, when an ideal selective layer is exposed to a mixture of molecules, it interacts with those for which the layer is selective and rejects the other, interfering molecules. The selective layer itself can be homogeneous or can contain specific binding sites embedded in a matrix. An outline of the thermodynamics governing the equilibrium binding was given in Section 1.1.

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Abbreviations

\(a\Sigma\alpha_2^{\rm H}\) :

Term defining hydrogen bonding at an acidic site

\(b\Sigma\beta_2^{\rm H}\) :

Term defining hydrogen bonding at a basic site

C :

Concentration

D :

Dielectric constant

\(\Delta G\) :

Change in free energy

\(\Delta H\) :

Change in enthalpy

I :

Ionization energy

K :

Binding constant/equilibrium constant/partitioning coefficient

\(K_{\rm m}\) :

Michaelis–Menten constant

k :

Rate constants

L :

Thickness of a layer

\(\Re_{\rm pH}\) :

Dimensionless pH-dependent activity of enzyme

r :

Distance

\(rR_{2}\) :

Polarizability term

\(\Delta S\) :

Change in entropy

\(s\pi_{2}\) :

Polarity term

t :

Time

v :

Reaction velocity

\(v_{\max}\) :

Maximum reaction velocity

x :

Distance

z :

Charge

α:

Polarizability

δ:

Fraction of transferred charge

\(\mu\) :

Dipole moment

\(\Theta\) :

Angle

φ:

Thiele modulus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 30332-0400, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Dr. Jiˇí Janata

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  1. Dr. Jiˇí Janata
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Correspondence to Jiˇí Janata .

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Janata, J. (2009). Selectivity. In: Principles of Chemical Sensors. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/b136378_2

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