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Islamic Perspectives on Science and Technology pp 347–364Cite as

Displayed Features of a Student with High-Functioning Autism During Qur’anic Learning

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Abstract

Autism, a unique symptom commonly experienced by boys, is a problem in the neurodevelopmental spectrum and it affects various aspects of learning. Although many researchers have focused on related issues, less emphasis has been given to learning problems related to religious education, for example, reading the Qur’an, which is also associated with Islamic ritual prayer (ṣalāḥ). Non-Arabic speakers with autism have a right to be given an equal opportunity to perform their religious obligations. The objective of this article is to characterise the natural features displayed by an autistic student in reading the Qur’an. A Malay boy, 8 years old, having high-functioning autism, was chosen as the subject of a month-long programme with sessions conducted three times weekly. He had already attended Qur’anic classes for at least six months and was capable of communicating verbally. NVivo software was used for this analysis and findings of each experimental session were recorded audiovisually using a digital camera and voice recorder. Tests involved reading the first chapter of the Qur’an (al-Fatihah) using five different sets: (a) The Malay translation, (b and c) the complete sets of the chapter in rasm Uthmani and rasm Qiyasi, respectively, and (d and e) the unorganised and incomplete sets of the chapter in rasm Uthmani, respectively. The findings suggest a selection of reading materials suitable for autistic individuals. In addition, identification of certain demonstrated features during Qur’anic lessons, which should be considered by teachers and parents for effectiveness in learning the Qur’an.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Qur’an. (48:17).

  2. 2.

    Q. (80:1–4).

  3. 3.

    A highly effective online programme for learning Qur’anic recitation.

  4. 4.

    A critical mental illness and causes individual cannot function well in the workplace, maintaining interpersonal relationship, even in self-management.

  5. 5.

    X chromosome is a sex-determining chromosome and found in both male and female.

  6. 6.

    No physical rewards (food/game) were offered throughout the reading process.

  7. 7.

    Translation of this verse (and following verses) was downloaded from http://quran.com/

  8. 8.

    Involves echoic memory (identifies information from auditory system) and iconic memory (component of visual memory system).

  9. 9.

    Involves working memory that actively functions during information processing.

  10. 10.

    Involves episodic and semantic memory of experiences and facts.

  11. 11.

    According to Gough and Tunmer (1986) as referred to in the PhD thesis of K. Inutsuka.

  12. 12.

    Examples include Abualkishik and Omar (2009), Mohamed et al. (2014), Mohd Daud et al. (2013) and Zain et al. (2013).

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the school management and all individuals involved in this research, especially the subject of the study and financial support from University of Malaya Postgraduate Research Grant (PPP) (PG062-2012B), University of Malaya Research Grant (RG272-14AFR) and HIR Grant from the Centre of Qur’anic Research (J-11001-73869).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of Islamic Studies (APIUM), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia

    Siti Patonah Mohamad

  2. Centre of Quranic Research (CQR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia

    M. Y. Zulkifli Mohd. Yusoff

  3. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia

    Durriyyah Sharifah Hasan Adli

Authors
  1. Siti Patonah Mohamad
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  2. M. Y. Zulkifli Mohd. Yusoff
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  3. Durriyyah Sharifah Hasan Adli
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Correspondence to Siti Patonah Mohamad .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Int'l Inst. of Adv. Islamic Studies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohammad Hashim Kamali

  2. Universiti Brunei Darussalam, SOASCIS, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam

    Osman Bakar

  3. Int'l Inst. of Adv. Islamic Studies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Daud Abdul-Fattah Batchelor

  4. Research Management Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Rugayah Hashim

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Mohamad, S.P., Mohd. Yusoff, M.Y.Z., Hasan Adli, D.S. (2016). Displayed Features of a Student with High-Functioning Autism During Qur’anic Learning. In: Kamali, M., Bakar, O., Batchelor, DF., Hashim, R. (eds) Islamic Perspectives on Science and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-778-9_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-778-9_24

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