Skip to main content

Mouthy Citizens

Language and Risk in the Netherlands

  • Chapter
Education and the Risk Society

Part of the book series: Contexts of Education ((CONT,volume 5))

Abstract

In 2008, the Dutch government began a series of public service announcements for new immigrants with the tagline, “The Dutch language connects us all.”1 This media campaign continued the decade-long public debate about immigrant integration during which language proficiency emerged as the key integrative technology of citizenship. In 1998, the Dutch state adopted legislation mandating language courses for newcomers. In 2003, passing a Dutch language test became a criterion for citizenship.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • ANP. (2007, October 18). Ook gedwongen ontslagen bij ROC Rotterdam. De Volkskrant. Retrieved from http://www.volkskrant.nl/economie/article471411.ece/Ook_gedwongen_ontslagen_bij_ROC_Rotterdam

  • Beck, U. (1995). Ecological Politics in an Age of Risk. (A. Weisz, Trans.). Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bjornson, M. (2007). Speaking of citizenship: Language ideologies in Dutch citizenship regimes. Focaal – European Journal of Anthropology, (49), 65–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blok S. Bruggen Bouwen: Eindrapport van de Tijdelijke Parlementaire Onderzoekscommissie Integratiebeleid. The Hague: SDU; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brubaker R. The Return of Assimilation? Changing Perspectives on Immigration and Its Sequels in France, Germany, and the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies.. 2001;24(4):531–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron D. Styling the worker: Gender and the commodification of language in the globalized service economy. Journal of Sociolinguistics. 2000;4(3):323–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coumou W. Over de drempel naar sociale redzaamheid. Utrecht: NCB; 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalderop K, Liemberg E, Teunisse F, editors. Raamwerk NT2. De Bilt: BVE-Raad; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dean M. Governmentality: power and rule in modern society. London: Sage Publications; 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doomernik J. Immigration, Multiculturalism and the Nation State in Western Europe. In: Banguru Y, Stavenhagen R, editors. Racism and Public Policy. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan; 2005. p. 72–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duyvendak JW, Engelen E, de Haan I. Het Bange Nederland: pleidooi voor een open samenleving. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker; 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Entzinger H. The Rise and Fall of Multiculturalism: The Case of the Netherlands. In: Joppke C, Morawska E, editors. Toward Assimilation and Citizenship: Immigrants in Liberal Nation-States. Hampshire: Palgrave; 2003. p. 59–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Entzinger H. Integration and Orientation Courses in a European Perspective. Nürnberg: Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esping-Andersen G. Welfare States Without Work: the impasse of labour shedding and familialism in continental European social policy. In: Esping-Andersen G, editor. Welfare States in Transition: national adaptation in global economies. London: Sage publications; 1996. p. 66–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fortuyn P. De Islamisering van Onze Cultuur: Nederlandse Identiteit als Fundament. Rotterdam: Karakter Publishers; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giddens A. The Third Way and its Critics. Oxford: Polity Press; 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giddens A. Risk and Responsibility. Modern Law Review. 1999;62(1):1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giddens A. Modernity and Self-Identity. Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge: Polity Press; 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giddens A, Pierson C. Conversations with Anthony Giddens. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press; 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey D. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heller, M. (2003). Actors and discourses in the construction of hegemony. Pragmatics—International Pragmatics Association, 13(1), 11–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsi Ali, A., van Gogh, T. (Producers), & van Gogh, T. (Director). (2004). Submission: Part I [Motion Picture]. The Netherlands: VPRO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsi Ali, A. (2002). Moslima’s Eis je rechten op. In De Zoontjesfabriek: Over Vrouwen, Islam en Integratie, (pp. 47–53). Amsterdam and Antwerp: Augustus Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Human Rights Watch. (2008). The Netherlands: Discrimination in the Name of Integration Migrants’ Rights under the Integration Abroad Act. Retrieved from http://www.hrw.org/en/reports/2009/04/13/netherlands-discrimination-name-integration

  • de Jong, J.H.A.L. (2001). Toetsing van eindtermen en specifieke eindtermen in Nederland. Geschreven t.b.v. het Taalunieseminar ’Eindtermen en Toetsing’. Antwerp. Retrieved from http://taalunieversum.org/onderwijs/publicaties/dossier_nt2/

  • Joppke C. Beyond National Models: Inburgering Policies for Immigrants in Western Europe. West European Politics. 2007;30(1):1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liemberg, E. (2001). Eindtermen in Nederland. Geschreven t.b.v. het Taalunieseminar ’Eindtermen en Toetsing’. Antwerp. Retrieved from http://taalunieversum.org/onderwijs/publicaties/dossier_nt2

  • Liemberg E, Hulstijn J. Referentiekader NT2. Amersfoort: PROVE; 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucassen J, Penninx R. Newcomers: Immigrants and their descendents in the Netherlands, 15501995. Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis; 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray C. Losing ground: American social policy. New York: Basic Books; 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nauta L. Competente burgers. In: Engbersen G, Gabriels R, editors. Sferen van integratie. Amsterdam: Boom; 1995. p. 249–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Oenen G, editor. Ongeregelde orde. Gedogen en de omgang met wilde praktijken. Amsterdam: Boom; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poorthuis, F. and Wansink, F. (2002, February 9). De islam is een achterlijke cultuur. Volkskrant. Retrieved from http://www.volkskrant.nl/den_haag/article153195.ece/De_islam_is_een_achterlijke_cultuur

  • Power M. The Audit Society: Rituals of Verification. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Power M. The Audit Explosion. London: Demos; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regt A. Zo doen we dat hier. Inburgering tegen het licht. Tijdschrift voor sociale vraagstukken. 2008;7(8):20–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose N. In search of certainty: risk management in a biological age. Journal of Public Mental Health. 2005;4(3):14–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rose N. Powers of Freedom: reframing political thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose N. Governing “advanced” liberal democracies. In: Barry A, Osborne T, Rose N, editors. Foucault and Political Reason. London: UCL Press; 1996. p. 37–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheffer, P. (2000, January 29). Het multiculturele drama. NRC Handelsblad. Retrieved from http://www.nrc.nl/W2/Lab/Multicultureel/scheffer.html

  • Shore C, Wright S. Coercive Accountability: the rise of audit culture in higher education. In: Strathern M, editor. Audit Cultures: Anthropological Studies in Accountability, Ethics and the Academy. London and New York, NY: Routledge; 2000. p. 57–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strathern M, editor. Audit Cultures: Anthropological Studies in Accountability, Ethics and the Academy. London and New York, NY: Routledge; 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tonkens E. Mondige burgers, getemde professionals; marktwerking, vraagsturing en professionaliteit in de publieke sector. Utrecht: NIZW Publishers; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veldt L, de Vries C. Monitor Hotspots Rotterdam: Vijfde Meting. COS: Rotterdam; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Visser, A. (2003, January 23). Tien Geboden. Politiek schadelijk voor mijn ideaal. Trouw. Retrieved from http://www.trouw.nl/achtergrond/Dossiers/article1431856.ece

  • Visser J, Hemerijck H. ‘A Dutch Miracle’: Job Growth, Welfare Reform and Corporatism in the Netherlands. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press; 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • WRR. Nieuwe Kansen voor Taalonderwij aan Anderstaligen. Den Haag: SDU; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • WRR. Een werkend perspectief: Arbeidsparticipatie in de jaren ’90. Den Haag: SDU; 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • WRR. Allochtonenbeleid. The Hague: SDU; 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Zwan A, Entzinger H. Beleidsopvolging minderhedendebat. Advies in opracht van de minister van. The Hague: Binnenlandse zaken; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Sense Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bjornson, M. (2012). Mouthy Citizens. In: Education and the Risk Society. Contexts of Education, vol 5. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-961-9_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics