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Environmental Contaminants pp 393–430Cite as

Contaminant Records in Ice Cores

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Part of the book series: Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research ((DPER,volume 18))

Abstract

Ice cores extracted in polar regions and in high altitude glaciers at low and mid latitudes are important recorders of global to regional changes in climate, ecosystems and human activities (e.g. industry, mining, transport). All of the contaminants found in ice cores are transported through the atmosphere, with the transport mechanism and atmospheric lifetime of these contaminants determining their spatial extent. In this chapter, we consider such ice core impurities as lead, mercury, platinum group elements, other trace elements, black carbon, organic and radioactive species. These contaminants are evaluated over the past few centuries, from the pre-industrial period through the Industrial Revolution and up to the most recent years of atmospheric monitoring, pollutant moratoria and/or abatement technologies. Contamination by most of these compounds is widespread from the higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere down to the remotest locations of Antarctica, suggesting that today there are no glaciers on Earth where atmospheric depositions of anthropogenic origin cannot be detected.

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Acknowledgements

We thank C. Barbante, M. Davis, X. Faïn, J.L. Jaffrezo, P. Jitaru, S. Rauch, P.F. Schuster, U. Schotterer, M. Schwikowski, T-O Soyol-Erdene for helpful discussions and/or reading early drafts of the Chapter and/or providing data. Paolo Gabrielli acknowledges financial support from NSF awards # 1060115 and #1149239. This chapter is publication 1438 from the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center.

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  1. School of Earth Science, The Ohio State University, 125 South Oval Mall, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA

    Paolo Gabrielli

  2. Byrd Polar Research Center, The Ohio State University, 1090 Carmack Road, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA

    Paolo Gabrielli

  3. Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark

    Paul Vallelonga

  4. Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University, Kent St, 6102, Bentley, WA, Australia

    Paul Vallelonga

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  1. Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Jules M. Blais

  2. US Geological Survey, Carson City, Nevada, USA

    Michael R. Rosen

  3. Paleoecological Environmental Assessment & Research Lab. (PEARL), Queen's University Dept. Biology, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

    John P. Smol

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Gabrielli, P., Vallelonga, P. (2015). Contaminant Records in Ice Cores. In: Blais, J., Rosen, M., Smol, J. (eds) Environmental Contaminants. Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research, vol 18. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_14

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